int is_right_triangle(int a,int b,int c){ return (a * a + b * b == c * c || a * a + c * c == b * b || b * b + c * c == a * a);}
如何避免求和和乘法中的整数溢出?假设我们没有很长的类型.
解决方法 改进(优化)版本>找到最大的一面和最小的面. (不失一般性,我们称之为C和A). B是第三方
>现在C2 – A2 = B2为直角三角形.即(C A)*(C-A)= B2,计算unsigned_sum = C A和unsigned_diff = C-A(对于int的总和,保证unsigned int不溢出)
>将sum,diff和B除以sum和diff的gcd.如果它不分B,则它不是直角三角形.如果是这样的话,如果三角形是正确的,则sum和diff将是完美的正方形.
>找到sum和diff的整数平方根.如果根的乘积等于B,则三角形是正确的.
int is_right_triangle(int a,int c){ unsigned int sum,diff; int f = 2; /* factor */ unsigned int hcf,irts,irtd; /* sort */ if(b > c) swap(&b,&c); if(a > b) swap(&a,&b); if(b > c) swap(&b,&c); sum = c; diff = c; sum += a; diff -= a; hcf = gcd(sum,diff); if(b % hcf != 0) return 0; sum /= hcf; diff /= hcf; b /= hcf; irts = isqrt(sum); if(irts * irts != sum || b % irts != 0) return 0; b /= irts; irtd = isqrt(diff); if(irtd * irtd != diff || b % irtd != 0) return 0; b /= irtd; return b == 1;}
您可以找到isqrt @ Methods_of_computing_square_roots的算法或使用二进制搜索方法.
#define NEXT(n,i) (((n) + (i)/(n)) >> 1) unsigned int isqrt(int number) { unsigned int n = 1; unsigned int n1 = NEXT(n,number); while(abs(n1 - n) > 1) { n = n1; n1 = NEXT(n,number); } while(n1*n1 > number) n1--; return n1; }
isqrt从codecodex复制而没有变化
老答案
>找到最大的一面和最小的面. (不失一般性,保证unsigned int不溢出)
>收集unsigned_sum和unsigned_diff的主要因子.如果它们不是2的倍数,则不是正确的角度.如果因子是2的倍数,则保持划分copy_of_B = B,一次看到一对素因子. (检查fac * fac< max(unsigned_sum,unsigned_dif),如果fac划分,请尝试与其他划分)
>如果B = 1,则三角形是直角,否则不是.
int is_right_triangle(int a,diff; int f = 2; /* factor */ /* sort */ if(b > c) swap(&b,&c); sum = c; diff = c; sum += a; diff -= a; while(f * f <= sum || f * f <= diff) { int count = 0; while(sum % f == 0) { sum /= f; ++count; } while(diff % f == 0) { diff /= f; ++count; } if(count % 2 == 1) return 0; while(count != 0) { b /= f; count -= 2; } ++f; /* f = (f == 2 ? 3 : f + 2); */ } return b == 1;}
优化
1.如this comment所述,您可以将unsigned_sum,unsigned_diff和b与gcd(unsigned_sum,unsigned_diff)分开,并且可以分别处理unsigned_sum和unsigned_diff.2.在循环中,如果你可以在任何点检查sum和diff的乘积(和b的平方)保证不溢出,你可以检查sum * diff ==(unsigned)b * b并相应地中断.
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