最近刚开始学习Java，整个系统的基本功能都得以实现，但就代码而言，整个程序的代码显得比较复杂，还可以对代码进行优化和改进，对IO流的理解和掌握还不够熟练。除此以外这个程序以及笔者的笔力还有很多的不足之处，欢迎各位的指正和建议。
正文总体为一个包四个类
总体的功能构成和实现
菜单以及系统的启动UI类进行系统的启动的方法的调用
BookInfo类存放下文图书信息
ReaderInfo类存放下文读者信息
BookBorrow类存放下文借阅查询信息
//建立三个类的Arraylist
static ArrayList<BookInfo> booklist = new ArrayList<>();
static ArrayList<ReaderInfo> readlist = new ArrayList<>();
static ArrayList<BookBorrow> borrowlist = new ArrayList<>();
public static void Show()//菜单
{
System.out.println("****************************************************************");
System.out.println("———————————————————————系统启动———————————————————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————0、退出本系统————————————————————————————————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————1、图书信息添加（书号、书名、作者、出版社、存馆数量、定价）——————————");
System.out.println("——————2、图书信息查询（分别按书名、作者名、出版社等进行查询———————————————");
System.out.println("——————3、图书信息排序（按书号、书名等按升序进行排序）————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————4、图书信息修改、删除（按书号或书名进行图书的修改和删除）————————————");
System.out.println("——————5、读者信息添加（包括学号、姓名、学院、专业班级等）—————————————————");
System.out.println("——————6、读者信息查询（按学号、姓名、专业班级等进行查询）—————————————————");
System.out.println("——————7、读者信息排序（按学号、学院等按升序进行排序）—————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————8、读者信息修改、删除（按学号+姓名进行读者信息的修改和删除）——————————");
System.out.println("——————9、图书借阅（输入学号+书号）————————————————————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————10、图书归还（输入学号+书号）———————————————————————————————————");
System.out.println("——————11、图书借阅查询（分别按学号、书名、学院等进行查询）————————————————");
System.out.println("———————————————————————请进行功能项选择————————————————————————————");
System.out.println("*****************************************************************");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
InBookInfoFile();
InReaderFile();
InBorrowFile();
while (true) {
Show();
int flag = sc.nextInt();
switch (flag) {
case 0:
OutReader();
OutBookBorrow();
OutBookInformation();
System.out.println("退出图书借阅系统");
System.exit (0);
case 1:
AddBook(); // 图书信息添加
break;
case 2:
PrintBook(booklist);// 图书信息查询
break;
case 3:
SortBook(booklist);//图书信息排序
break;
case 4:
ChangeBook(booklist);//图书信息修改
break;
case 5:
AddReader(); // 学生信息添加
break;
case 6:
PrintReader(); //学生信息查询
break;
case 7:
SortStu();// 学生信息排序
break;
case 8:
ChaReStu(); //学生信息的修改、删除
break;
case 9:
BorrowBook(); //图书借阅
break;
case 10:
BackBook();//图书归还
break;
case 11:PriBookReader();//图书借阅、查询
break;
default:
System.out.println("数据有误，请重新输入");
break;
}
}
}
图书 创建图书类参考下文建立相应的类，然后通过上文进行功能的调用即可
public class BookInfo {
String BookNum; //书号
String BookName;//书名
String BookAuthor; // 作者
String Publisher; //出版社
String PublishTime; //出版日期
int BookCount; //存书数
double Price;//定价
public BookInfo(String bookNum, String bookName, String bookAuthor, String publisher, String publishTime, int bookCount, double price) {
BookNum = bookNum;
BookName = bookName;
BookAuthor = bookAuthor;
Publisher = publisher;
PublishTime = publishTime;
BookCount = bookCount;
Price = price;
}
public void setBookInfo(String bookNum, String bookName, String bookAuthor, String publisher, String publishTime, int bookCount, double price) {
BookNum = bookNum;
BookName = bookName;
BookAuthor = bookAuthor;
Publisher = publisher;
PublishTime = publishTime;
BookCount = bookCount;
Price = price;
}
public String getBookNum() {
return BookNum;
}
public void setBookNum(String bookNum) {
BookNum = bookNum;
}//其余的直接通过编辑器构造即可（不再赘述）
public String toString()//输出条目
{
return ("书号：" + BookNum + "\t" + "书名:" + BookName
+ "\t" + "作者：" + BookAuthor + "\t" + "出版社：" + Publisher
+ "\t" + "出版日期：" + PublishTime + "\t" + "存馆数量：" + BookCount
+ "\t" + "定价:" + Price);
}
}
包括书号、书名、作者、出版社、存馆数量、定价等。
public static void AddBook()//图书信息添加
{
while (true) {
System.out.println("当前共有" + booklist.size() + "种书!");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入书号");
String ID = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入书名、作者、出版社、出版日期");
String bookname = sc.next();
String author = sc.next();
String publisher = sc.next();
String publishTime = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入存馆数量");
int BookCount = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入定价");
double Price = sc.nextDouble();
BookInfo book = new BookInfo(ID, bookname, author, publisher, publishTime, BookCount, Price);
booklist.add(book);
System.out.println("书籍添加成功");
System.out.println("1、继续添加\t2、结束添加");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
continue;
}
if (chioce == 2) {
break;
}
}
}
分别按书名,按作者名,按出版社等进行查询。
public static void PrintBook(ArrayList<BookInfo> booklist)//图书信息查询
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 0;//标记
System.out.println("请选择查询方式");
System.out.println("1、按书名查询 2、按作者名查询 3、按出版社查询");
int num1 = sc.nextInt();
switch (num1) {
case 1:
System.out.println("请输入您要查找的书名：");
String bookname = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
if (B.getBookName().equals(bookname)) {
System.out.println("书号：" + B.getBookNum() + "\t" + "书名:" + B.BookName
+ "\t" + "作者：" + B.getBookAuthor() + "\t" + "出版社：" + B.getPublisher()
+ "\t" + "出版日期：" + B.getPublishTime() + "\t" + "存馆数量：" + B.getBookCount()
+ "\t" + "定价:" + B.getPrice());
flag = 1;
}
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("查无此书，请重新输入");
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查阅 2、退出");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
break;
}
if (choice == 2) {
return;
}
}
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("请输入您要查找的作者名：");
String author = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
if (B.getBookAuthor().equals(author)) {
System.out.println("书号：" + B.getBookNum() + "\t" + "书名:" + B.BookName
+ "\t" + "作者：" + B.getBookAuthor() + "\t" + "出版社：" + B.getPublisher()
+ "\t" + "出版日期：" + B.getPublishTime() + "\t" + "存馆数量：" + B.getBookCount()
+ "\t" + "定价:" + B.getPrice());
flag = 1;
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("查无此书，请重新输入");
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查阅 2、退出");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
break;
}
if (choice == 2) {
return;
}
}
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("请输入您要查找的出版社名：");
String publisher = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
if (B.getPublisher().equals(publisher)) {
System.out.println("书号：" + B.getBookNum() + "\t" + "书名:" + B.BookName
+ "\t" + "作者：" + B.getBookAuthor() + "\t" + "出版社：" + B.getPublisher()
+ "\t" + "出版日期：" + B.getPublishTime() + "\t" + "存馆数量：" + B.getBookCount()
+ "\t" + "定价:" + B.getPrice());
flag = 1;
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("查无此书，请重新输入");
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查阅 2、退出");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
break;
}
if (choice == 2) {
return;
}
}
}
break;
default:
System.out.println("输入有误，请重新输入");
break;
}
}
}
按书号、书名等按升序进行排序。
static void SortBook(ArrayList<BookInfo> booklist)//图书信息排序
{
System.out.println("请选择排序方式");
System.out.println("1、按书号排序" + "\t" + "2、按书名排序");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int num1 = sc.nextInt();
if (num1 == 1) {
Collections.sort(booklist, ((o1, o2) -> o1.getBookNum().compareTo(o2.getBookNum())));
System.out.println("按书号排序成功");
System.out.println("图书列表为：");
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
System.out.println("书号：" + B.getBookNum() + "\t" + "书名:" + B.BookName
+ "\t" + "作者：" + B.getBookAuthor() + "\t" + "出版社：" + B.getPublisher()
+ "\t" + "出版日期：" + B.getPublishTime() + "\t" + "存馆数量：" + B.getBookCount()
+ "\t" + "定价:" + B.getPrice());
}
System.out.println("请输入0退出排序");
if (sc.nextInt() == 0) {
return;
}
}
if (num1 == 2) {
Collections.sort(booklist, ((o1, o2) -> o1.getBookName().compareTo(o2.getBookName())));
System.out.println("按书名排序成功");
System.out.println("图书列表为：");
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(booklist.get(i).toString());
}
System.out.println("请输入0退出排序");
if (sc.nextInt() == 0) {
return;
}
}
}
按书号或书名进行图书的修改和删除。
public static void ChangeBook(ArrayList<BookInfo> booklist)//图书信息修改
{
while (true) {
int flag = 1;//标记是否有相应的书
System.out.println("请选择修改类型");
System.out.println("1、按书号" + "\t" + "2、按书名");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int Num1 = sc.nextInt();
if (Num1 == 1) {
System.out.println("请输入要查询的书号");
String Num2 = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
if (Num2.equals(booklist.get(i).BookNum)) {
flag = 0;//标记有相应的书
System.out.println("原书名为" + booklist.get(i).BookName);
System.out.println("请输入修改后的书号、书名、作者、出版社、存馆数量、定价");
B.setBookInfo(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.nextInt(), sc.nextDouble());
System.out.println("修改成功");
System.out.println("1、继续修改\t2、结束修改");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
break;
} else if (chioce == 2) {
return;
} else {
System.out.println("输入有误,默认继续修改");
}
}
}
if (flag == 1)
System.out.println("查无此书，请重新输入");
} else if (Num1 == 2) {
System.out.println("请输入要查询的书名");
String Bookname = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo B = booklist.get(i);
if (Bookname.equals(booklist.get(i).BookName)) {
flag = 0;
System.out.println("原书名为" + booklist.get(i).BookName);
System.out.println("请输入修改后的书号、书名、作者、出版社、存馆数量、定价");
B.setBookInfo(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.nextInt(), sc.nextDouble());
System.out.println("修改成功");
System.out.println("1、继续修改\t2、结束修改");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
break;
} else if (chioce == 2) {
return;
} else {
System.out.println("输入有误,默认继续修改");
}
}
}
if (flag == 1)
System.out.println("查无此书，请重新输入");
} else {
System.out.println("输入有误，请重新输入");
}
}
}
public class ReaderInfo {
public ReaderInfo(String ID, String readerName, String college, String aClass) {
this.ID = ID;
ReaderName = readerName;
College = college;
Class = aClass;
}
public void setReader(String ID, String readerName, String college, String aClass)
{
this.ID = ID;
ReaderName = readerName;
College = college;
Class = aClass;
}
public String toString() {
return "学生ID：" + ID + "\t" + " 学生姓名：" + ReaderName + "\t" +
"学院：" + College + "\t" + " 班级：" + Class ;
}
public String ID; //学号
public String ReaderName; //姓名
public String College; //学院
public String Class; // 专业班级
}
包括学号、姓名、学院、专业班级等
public static void AddReader()//学生信息添加
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
System.out.println("当前共有" + readlist.size() + "名读者!");
System.out.println("请输入学生学号、姓名、学院、专业班级");
ReaderInfo R = new ReaderInfo(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
readlist.add(R);
System.out.println("学生信息添加成功");
System.out.println("1、继续添加\t2、结束添加");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
continue;
}
if (chioce == 2) {
break;
}
}
}
分别按学号、姓名、专业班级等进行查询
public static void PrintReader()//学生信息查询
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
OUT1:
while (true) {
System.out.println("输入要查询学生的学号或者姓名或着班级");
int flag = 1;
String Info = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < readlist.size(); i++) {
if (Info.equals(readlist.get(i).ReaderName) || Info.equals(readlist.get(i).ID) || Info.equals(readlist.get(i).Class)) {
flag = 0;
System.out.println(readlist.get(i).toString());
System.out.println("1、继续查询" + "\t" + "2、结束查询");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
break;
}
if (choice == 2) {
break OUT1;
}
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("未查询到此人，请重新输入");
}
}
}
按学号、学院等按升序进行排序
public static void SortStu()//学生信息排序
{
System.out.println("1、按学号排序" + "\t" + "2、按学院排序");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
Collections.sort(readlist, (o1, o2) -> o1.ID.compareTo(o2.ID));
System.out.println("排序成功");
System.out.println("学生列表:");
for (int i = 0; i < readlist.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(readlist.get(i).toString());
}
System.out.println("请输入0退出排序");
if (sc.nextInt() == 0) {
return;
}
}
if (choice == 2) {
Collections.sort(readlist, (o1, o2) -> o1.College.compareTo(o2.College));
System.out.println("排序成功");
System.out.println("学生列表:");
for (int i = 0; i < readlist.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(readlist.get(i).toString());
}
System.out.println("请输入0退出排序");
if (sc.nextInt() == 0) {
return;
}
}
}
按学号+姓名进行读者信息的修改和删除
public static void ChaReStu()//学生信息的修改、删除
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 1;//标记
System.out.println("按学号+姓名对学生信息进行修改和删除");
System.out.println("请输入学号和学生姓名");
String Id = sc.next();
String StuName = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < readlist.size(); i++) {
if (readlist.get(i).ID.equals(Id) && readlist.get(i).ReaderName.equals(StuName)) {
flag = 0;
System.out.println("1、进行修改" + "\t" + "2、进行删除");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
ReaderInfo R1 = readlist.get(i);
System.out.println("请输入新的学生信息（学生ID、姓名、学院、班级）");
R1.setReader(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
System.out.println("修改成功");
System.out.println("1、继续对学生信息 *** 作" + "\t" + "2、结束 *** 作");
int Op = sc.nextInt();
if (Op == 1) {
break;
}
if (Op == 2) {
return;
}
}
if (chioce == 2) {
readlist.remove(i);
System.out.println("删除成功");
System.out.println("1、继续对学生信息 *** 作" + "\t" + "2、结束 *** 作");
int Op = sc.nextInt();
if (Op == 1) {
break;
}
if (Op == 2) {
return;
}
}
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("学生信息有误，请重新输入");
}
}
}
public class BookBorrow {
public BookBorrow(String ID, String name, String College, String bookNum, String bookName, String lendTime, String legalTime) {
this.ID = ID;
Name = name;
this.College = College;
BookNum = bookNum;
BookName = bookName;
LendTime = lendTime;
LegalTime = legalTime;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "ID:" + ID + "\t" + "学生姓名:" + Name + "\t" +
"书号:" + BookNum + "\t" + "书名:" + BookName +
"\n" + "应还时间:" + LegalTime + '\n' +
"归还时间: " + BorrowTime;
}
String ID; //学号
String Name;//姓名
String College;
String BookNum; //书号
String BookName; //书名
String LendTime;//借阅时间
String LegalTime;//应还时间
String BorrowTime = "借阅中"; //归还时间
public void setBookReader(String ID, String name)/*对学生信息进行登记*/ {
this.ID = ID;
Name = name;
}
//其余的直接通过编辑器构造即可（不再赘述）
}
以学号+书号的方式借阅
public static void BorrowBook() //图书借阅
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int flag = 0;/*标记*/
int Br = 0;//图书借阅人数
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的书号和个人学号登录：");
String BookNum = sc.next();
String Id = sc.next();
OUT:
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < readlist.size(); i1++) {
if (BookNum.equals(booklist.get(i1).BookNum) && Id.equals(readlist.get(i1).ID)) {
flag = 1;//标记找到了相应的学生信息和书籍信息
if (booklist.get(i).BookCount >= 1) {
booklist.get(i).BookCount -= 1;
System.out.println("请输入个人的学号、姓名、学院以及所借书的书号、书名:");
String Id1 = sc.next();
String StuName = sc.next();
String College = sc.next();
String BookId = sc.next();
String BookName = sc.next();
String LendT = LendTime();
String LegT = LealTime();
BookBorrow B = new BookBorrow(Id1, StuName, College, BookId, BookName, LendT, LegT);
borrowlist.add(B);
System.out.println("学生学号：" + borrowlist.get(Br).ID + "\t" + "姓名" + borrowlist.get(Br).Name +
"\t" + "书号:" + borrowlist.get(Br).BookNum + "\t" + "书名：" + borrowlist.get(Br).BookName);
System.out.println("借阅时间:" + borrowlist.get(Br).LendTime);
System.out.println("应还时间:" + borrowlist.get(Br).LegalTime);
System.out.println("借阅成功");
System.out.println("1、继续借阅" + "\t" + "2、退出系统");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
break OUT;
}
if (chioce == 2) {
return;
}
} else if (booklist.get(i).BookCount < 1) {
System.out.println("此书已被完全借阅，请重新选择");
System.out.println("1、继续借阅" + "\t" + "2、退出系统");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce == 1) {
break OUT;
}
if (chioce == 2) {
return;
}
}
}
}
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("输入有误，请重新输入");
}
}
}
以学号+书号的方式归还书籍
public static void BackBook()//图书归还
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int flag = 1;//标记是否找到正确信息
OUT:
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入学号和书号:");
String StuId = sc.next();
String BookId = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < borrowlist.size(); i++) {
if (StuId.equals(borrowlist.get(i).ID) && BookId.equals(borrowlist.get(i).BookNum)) {
flag = 0;//标记找到正确信息
System.out.println(borrowlist.get(i).toString());
System.out.println("1、归还 2、返回");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
booklist.get(i).BookCount++;
String CurrentTime = LendTime();
borrowlist.get(i).setBorrowTime(CurrentTime);
System.out.println("归还成功");
System.out.println(borrowlist.get(i).toString());
System.out.println("1、继续归还 2、退出");
int choice1 = sc.nextInt();
if (choice1 == 1) {
break OUT;
}
if (choice1 == 2) {
return;
}
}
if (choice == 2) {
System.out.println("1、继续归还 2、退出");
int choice1 = sc.nextInt();
if (choice1 == 1) {
break OUT;
}
if (choice1 == 2) {
return;
}
}
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("请输入正确信息");
}
}
}
public static void PriBookReader() //图书借阅查询
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
int flag = 0;
System.out.println("1、按学号查询 2、按书名查询 3、按学院查询");
int chioce = sc.nextInt();
switch (chioce) {
case 1:
System.out.println("请输入要查询的学号");
String Id = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < borrowlist.size(); i++) {
if (Id.equals(borrowlist.get(i).ID)) {
flag = 1;
System.out.println(borrowlist.get(i).toString());
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查询 2、退出");
int chioce1 = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce1 == 1) {
break;
}
if (chioce1 == 2) {
return;
}
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("信息有误，请重新输入");
}
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("请输入要查询的书名:");
String BN = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < borrowlist.size(); i++) {
if (BN.equals(borrowlist.get(i).BookName)) {
flag = 1;
System.out.println(borrowlist.get(i).toString());
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查询 2、退出");
int chioce1 = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce1 == 1) {
break;
}
if (chioce1 == 2) {
return;
}
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("信息有误，请重新输入");
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("请输入要查询的学院");
String College = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < borrowlist.size(); i++) {
if (College.equals(borrowlist.get(i).College)) {
flag = 1;
System.out.println(borrowlist.get(i).toString());
}
}
if (flag == 1) {
System.out.println("1、继续查询 2、退出");
int chioce1 = sc.nextInt();
if (chioce1 == 1) {
break;
}
if (chioce1 == 2) {
return;
}
}
if (flag == 0) {
System.out.println("信息有误，请重新输入");
}
break;
default:
System.out.println("输入有误，请重新选择");
break;
}
}
}
下面以书籍信息的存入和读取为例（采用字符流）
存入：
public static void OutBookInformation() throws Exception{
Writer file=null;
try {
file=new FileWriter("D:\BookInfo.txt",false);
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.size(); i++) {
BookInfo c=booklist.get(i);
file.write(String.valueOf(c));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
file.close();
}
}
读取：
public static void Print() throws Exception{
Reader re=new FileReader("D:\BookInfo.txt");
char[] buff=new char[100];
int len;
while ((len=re.read(buff))!=-1)
{
String rs=new String(buff,0,len);
System.out.print(rs);
}
}
public static String LendTime()//获取当前时间
{
Calendar rightnow = Calendar.getInstance();
int year = rightnow.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = rightnow.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
int day = rightnow.get(rightnow.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int hour = rightnow.get(rightnow.HOUR_OF_DAY);//24小时制
int minute = rightnow.get(rightnow.MINUTE);
int second = rightnow.get(rightnow.SECOND);
int millisecond = rightnow.get(rightnow.MILLISECOND);
String TIME = year + "-" + month + "-" + day + "\t" + hour + ":" + minute+":"+second;
return TIME;
}
其他时间的设置参考当前时间的获取的修改方式修改即可
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