oracle中怎么重建控制文件或是修改控制文件参数

环境:

OS:Red Hat Linux As 5

DB:10.2.0.4

在全部控制文件丢失或损坏，而且没有备份的情况下,可以使用重建控制文件的办法打开数据库.以下模拟所有的控制文件丢失的情况下重建控制文件.

1.备份控制文件(数据库mount或是open状态)

SQL>select status from v$instance

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/u01/ftp/bak_controlfile'

2.删除控制文件

[oracle@hxl oracl]$ rm control01.ctl

rm: remove regular file `control01.ctl'? y

[oracle@hxl oracl]$ rm control02.ctl

rm: remove regular file `control02.ctl'? y

[oracle@hxl oracl]$ rm control03.ctl

rm: remove regular file `control03.ctl'? y

3.关闭数据库后尝试打开数据库

SQL>shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 734003200 bytes

Fixed Size 1221564 bytes

Variable Size 218106948 bytes

Database Buffers 511705088 bytes

Redo Buffers2969600 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

这个时候数据无法打开,以为我们已经删除了控制文件.

4.查看备份控制文件的内容

[oracle@hxl ftp]$ more bak_controlfile

-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related

-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf

--

-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="oracl"

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2

-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL

-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch

-- FAL_CLIENT=''

-- FAL_SERVER=''

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='OPTIONAL REOPEN=300 NODELAY'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOEXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='REGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_10=ENABLE

--

-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new

-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens

-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if

-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second

-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used

-- if online logs are unavailable.

-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into

-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a

-- need to re-create the control file.

--

-- Set #1. NORESETLOGS case

--

-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it

-- to open the database.

-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.

-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline

-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are

-- available.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL

-- statement will place the database in the appropriate

-- protection mode:

-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORACL" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/users01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table

-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on

-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to

-- re-create incarnation records.

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,

-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.

RECOVER DATABASE

-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL

-- Database can now be opened normally.

ALTER DATABASE OPEN

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.

-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.

-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M

-- End of tempfile additions.

--

-- Set #2. RESETLOGS case

--

-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it

-- to open the database.

-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.

-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will

-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL

-- statement will place the database in the appropriate

-- protection mode:

-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORACL" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/users01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table

-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on

-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to

-- re-create incarnation records.

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORACL/archivelog/2012_06_12/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc'

-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,

-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.

RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.

ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.

-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.

-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M

-- End of tempfile additions.

--

5.从备份控制文件中提取我们需要的部分,这里我们选择RESETLOGS,将如下内容保存文件为

create_confile.sql

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORACL" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/redo03.log' SIZE 50M

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oracl/users01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1

6.执行create_confile.sql

SQL>set sqlblanklines on -- 因为文件中有空行,需要将该选项打开,否则执行的时候报语法错误

SQL>@/u01/ftp/create_confile.sql

SQL>alter database open resetlogs

Database altered.

说明:

重建控制文件后,若备份信息是存储在控制文件的,该信息会丢失.

oracle数据库的控制文件包含了以下信息：

1、数据库名称

2、数据库创建的时间戳

3、相关的数据文件、重演日志文件的名称和位置

4、表空间信息

5、数据文件脱机范围

6、日志历史

7、归档日志信息

8、备份组和备份块信息

9、文件和重演日志信息

10、数据文件拷贝信息

11、当前日志序列数

12、检查点(checkpoint)信息

扩展资料

Oracle数据库中，数据库控制文件维护着数据库的全局物理结构，用以支持数据库成功的启动和运行。创建数据库时，同时就提供了与之对应的数据库控制文件。

在数据库使用过程中，Oracle不断的更新数据库控制文件，所以只要数据库是打开的，数据库控制文件就必须处于可写状态。如果，犹豫某些原因控制文件不能被访问，那么数据库也就不能正常的工作了。

每一个控制文件只能与一个Oracle数据库相关联。数据库控制文件包含了数据库实例的启动和正常 *** 作时，访问数据库所需的关于数据库的信息。数据库控制文件的内容只有Oralce可以修改，数据库管理员和用户都不能对其进行编辑。

请教关于oracle10g 控制文件MAXDATAFILES参数

1 重建控制文件

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/cc0504.ctl'

编辑这个trace文件cc0504.ctl,就可以获得创建控制文件的脚本。

2 修改控制文件参数

(1):如果修改控制文件名称或路径，可以通过参数文件修改，如：

spfile: alter system set control_files = '[value]' scope = both

pfile: 直接用文本编辑器修改

(2):如果修改控制文件其他信息，比如修改记录在控制文件中的某一个数据文件的名称及路径

主要步骤：

1、offline表空间：alter tablespace tablespace_name offline

2、复制数据文件到新的目录；

3、rename修改表空间，并修改控制文件；

alter tablespace test rename datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/TEST01.DBF' to '/home/oracle/oradata/TEST0001.DBF'

4、online表空间；

---