FreeMarker 是一个采用 Java 开发的模版引擎,是一个基于模版生成文本的通用工具。 它被设计用来生成 HTML Web 页面,特别是基于 MVC 模式的应用程序。虽然使用FreeMarker需要具有一些编程的能力,但通常由 Java 程序准备要显示的数据,由 FreeMarker 生成页面,并通过模板显示准备的数据。
http://freemarker.org/
public voID process(String template,Map<String,?> data) throws Exception { Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); cfg.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new file("ftl")); cfg.setobjectWrapper(new DefaultObjectWrapper()); //设置字符集 cfg.setdefaultencoding("UTF-8"); //设置尖括号语法和方括号语法,默认是自动检测语法 // 自动 auto_DETECT_TAG_Syntax // 尖括号 ANGLE_BRACKET_TAG_Syntax // 方括号 SQUARE_BRACKET_TAG_Syntax cfg.setTagSyntax(Configuration.auto_DETECT_TAG_Syntax); Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(new fileOutputStream(file_DIR + template + ".txt"),"UTF-8"); Template temp = cfg.getTemplate(template); temp.process(data,out); out.flush(); }
0、使用freemarker制作HelloWord web页面
新建一个WEB工程,并导入freemarker.jar,在WEB-INF下新建文件夹templates用于存放模版文件,在templates下新建test.ftl,这是示例模版文件。内容就是HTML内容,里面带有一个标记符,用于将来进行变量替换,内容如下:
<HTML> <head> <Title>freemarker测试</Title> </head> <body> <h1>${message},${name}</h1> </body> </HTML>
新建一个Servlet,用于请求设置变量,并处理模版的输出:
package com.test.servlet; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Writer; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.servletexception; import javax.servlet.http.httpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.httpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpServletResponse; import freemarker.template.Configuration; import freemarker.template.Template; import freemarker.template.TemplateException; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class HelloFreeMarkerServlet extends httpServlet { // 负责管理FreeMarker模板的Configuration实例 private Configuration cfg = null; public voID init() throws servletexception { // 创建一个FreeMarker实例 cfg = new Configuration(); // 指定FreeMarker模板文件的位置 cfg.setServletContextForTemplateLoading(getServletContext(),"/WEB-INF/templates"); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public voID doPost(httpServletRequest request,httpServletResponse response) throws servletexception,IOException { // 建立数据模型 Map root = new HashMap(); root.put("message","hello world"); root.put("name","java小强"); // 获取模板文件 Template t = cfg.getTemplate("test.ftl"); // 使用模板文件的Charset作为本页面的charset // 使用text/HTML MIME-type response.setContentType("text/HTML; charset=" + t.getEnCoding()); Writer out = response.getWriter(); // 合并数据模型和模板,并将结果输出到out中 try { t.process(root,out); // 往模板里写数据 } catch (TemplateException e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } public voID doGet(httpServletRequest request,IOException { doPost(request,response); } public voID destroy() { super.destroy(); } }
注意要在你的web.xml中配置该Servlet:
<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name> <servlet-class> com.test.servlet.HelloFreeMarkerServlet </servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-List> <welcome-file>index.Jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-List> </web-app>
为了方便测试,访问工程直接跳转到Servlet,对主页index.Jsp做一个简单修改:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEnCoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getcontextpath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServername() +":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <HTML> <body> <% String mypath = "hello"; response.sendRedirect(basePath + mypath); %> </body> </HTML>
部署工程到Tomcat,启动并访问http://localhost:8080/f ,这里我建立的工程名称就是 f 。
1、计算式
<#-- 1、算术运算 -->[BR] ${3 + 4} <#-- 2、内建函数 -->[BR] ${"rensanning"?upper_case}
2、输出一个值
HashMap t2root = new HashMap<String,String>(); t2root.put("user","RenSanNing"); ${user},Welcome!
3、输出一个列表
Map<String,Object> t3root = new HashMap<String,Object>(); List<Food> menu = new ArrayList<Food>(); menu.add(new Food("iText in Action",98)); menu.add(new Food("iBATIS in Action",118)); menu.add(new Food("Lucene in Action",69)); t3root.put("menu",menu); <#List menu as food> ${food.name} ${food.price?string.currency} </#List>
4、逻辑判断(IF,SWITCH)
Map<String,Object> t4root = new HashMap<String,Object>(); t4root.put("x",2); t4root.put("y","medium");
<1>if,else,elseif: <#if x == 1> x is 1 <#elseif x == 2> x is 2 <#elseif x == 3> x is 3 <#elseif x == 4> x is 4 <#else> x is not 1 nor 2 nor 3 nor 4 </#if> <2>switch,case,default,break: <#switch y> <#case "small"> This will be processed if it is small <#break> <#case "medium"> This will be processed if it is medium <#break> <#case "large"> This will be processed if it is large <#break> <#default> This will be processed if it is neither </#switch> <3>List,break: <#assign seq = ["winter","spring","summer","autumn"]> <#List seq as x> ${x_index + 1}. ${x}<#if x_has_next>,</#if> </#List>
5、自定义函数
<#function fact n> <#if n == 0> <#return 1 /> <#else> <#return fact(n - 1) * n /> </#if> </#function> <#List 0..10 as i> ${i}! => ${fact(i)} </#List>
6、定义变量
<#-- 1、本地变量 -->[BR] <#function partg n lst> <#local ans = []> <#List lst as x> <#if (x >= n)> <#local ans = ans + [x]> </#if> </#List> <#return ans> </#function> <#assign ls = [10,2,4,5,8,1,3]> <#List partg(4,ls) as x>${x} </#List> <#-- 2、变量域测试 -->[BR] <#macro test> 03. ${x} <#global x = "global2"> 04. ${x} <#assign x = "assign2"> 05. ${x} <#local x = "local1"> 06. ${x} <#List ["循环1"] as x> 07. ${x} <#local x = "local2"> 08. ${x} <#assign x = "assign3"> 09. ${x} </#List> 10. ${x} </#macro> <#global x = "global1" /> 01. ${x} <#assign x = "assign1" /> 02. ${x} <@test /> 11. ${x}
7、定义宏macro
<#-- 1、无参数 -->[BR] <#macro greet> Welcome! </#macro> <@greet /> <#-- 2、有参数 -->[BR] <#macro greet user> ${user},Welcome! </#macro> <@greet user="RenSanNing"/> <#-- 3、有多个参数 -->[BR] <#macro table cols rows> <table> <#List 1..rows as row> <tr> <#List 1..cols as col> <td>${row},${col}</td> </#List> </tr> </#List> </table> </#macro> <@table cols=3 rows=2 /> <#-- 4、中间跳出 -->[BR] <#macro out> 显示文字 <#return> 不显示文字 </#macro> <@out /> <#-- 5、嵌套 -->[BR] <#macro lprint lst> <#List lst as item> ・${item}<#nested item /> </#List> </#macro> <@lprint 1..3; x>^2 = ${x * x}</@lprint> <@lprint 1..3; x>^3 = ${x * x * x}</@lprint> <@lprint ["Let's go","to the","land of Medetai"] />
8、include
<#include "T108include.ftl"> ${url} <@greet name="rensanning" />
T108include.ftl
<#macro greet name> ${name},Welcome! </#macro> <#assign url="http://www.baIDu.com/">
9、名字空间
<#import "T109include.ftl" as my> <#assign url="http://www.Google.com/"> ${my.url} <@my.greet name="rensanning" /> ${url}
T109include.ftl
<#macro greet name> ${name},Welcome! </#macro> <#assign url="http://www.baIDu.com/">
10、自定义指令Directive
public class SystemDateDirective implements TemplateDirectiveModel { public voID execute(Environment env,Map params,TemplateModel[] loopVars,TemplateDirectiveBody body) throws TemplateException,IOException { Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"); env.getout().append(sdf.format(cal.getTime())); } } public class TextCutDirective implements TemplateDirectiveModel { public static final String ParaM_S = "s"; public static final String ParaM_LEN = "len"; public static final String ParaM_APPEND = "append"; @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public voID execute(Environment env,IOException { String s = getString(ParaM_S,params); Integer len = getInt(ParaM_LEN,params); String append = getString(ParaM_APPEND,params); if (s != null) { Writer out = env.getout(); if (len != null) { out.append(textCut(s,len,append)); } else { out.append(s); } } }
....
Map<String,Object> t10root = new HashMap<String,Object>(); t10root.put("systemdate",new SystemDateDirective()); t10root.put("text_cut",new TextCutDirective());总结
以上是内存溢出为你收集整理的Java *** 作FreeMarker模板引擎的基本用法示例小结全部内容,希望文章能够帮你解决Java *** 作FreeMarker模板引擎的基本用法示例小结所遇到的程序开发问题。
如果觉得内存溢出网站内容还不错,欢迎将内存溢出网站推荐给程序员好友。
欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出
评论列表(0条)