只是,表示的意思不一样
比如,忙于做某事
be busy to do sth
be busy doing sth
前者表示该事还没有做
后者表示正在做
还有很多这样的情况,一般 to do 都是表示未发生的事,doing 表示正在或已经发生的事
所以,我认为你问的情况,和上面的类似
仅作参考! #高二# 导语高二是承上启下的一年,是成绩分化的分水岭,成绩往往形成两极分化:行则扶摇直上,不行则每况愈下。在这一年里学生必须完成学习方式的转变。为了让你更好的学习 高中频道为你整理了《高二英语必修一知识点:过去分词做定语表语》希望你喜欢!
1Englishisawidelyusedlanguage
2Hethrewawaythebrokencup
3Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s
4Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices
单个过去分词作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面;
过去分词短语作定语,常放在被修饰词的后面。
spokenEnglish
=Englishwhichisspoken
terrifiedpeople
=thepeoplewhoareterrified
anorganizedway
=awaythatisorganized
affectedarea灾区
=theareawhichisaffected
stolenculturerelics
=culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen
thebookrecommendedbytheteacher
=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbytheteacher
printedarticles
=articlesthatareprinted
1)DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon定语
2)JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet定语
3)Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories表语
4)Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood表语
PastParticipleastheAttribute定语PastParticipleasthePredicative表语
1terrifiedpeople1peoplewhoareterrified
2reservedseats2seatsthatarereserved
3pollutedwater3waterthatispolluted
4acrowdedroom4aroomthatiscrowded
5apleasedwinner5awinnerthatispleased
6Astonishedchildren6childrenwholookastonished
7abrokenvase7avasethatisbroken
8acloseddoor8adoorthatisclosed
9thetiredaudience9theaudiencewhofeeltired
10atrappedanimal10ananimalthatistrapped
Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground
=Therearemanyleaveswhichhadfallenontheground(地上有许多落叶)
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing
=Someofthem,whohadbeenbornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing
(他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没去过北京)
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。
pollutedwater
=waterwhichispolluted
reservedseats
=theseatswhichwerereserved
trappedanimal
=theanimalwhichwastrapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动,只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前,含有动作完成,动作结束之含义。
boiledwater
=waterwhichhasboiled
fallenleaves
=theleaveswhichhavefallen
risensun
=thesunwhichhasrisen
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开。
Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers这些书是郭敬明写的,深受青少年的喜爱。
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing他们中的一些人,在农村出生并长大,从没过北京
Thebook_writtenbythefarmer(一本农民写的书)isverypopular
Thebuildingbuiltlastyear(去年建的楼房)nowcollapsedintheWenchuanearthquake
Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingyesterday(在昨天会议上讨论的)wasverydifficulttosolve
Thewindowbrokenbythatnaughtyboy被那个顽皮男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired
Thechildrenexaminedinthehospitalyesterday昨天在医院检查的)wereseriouslyill
Thepeopleexposedtothesun(暴露在阳光下的)gotsunburnt
Theboypunishedseverelybytheteacher(受到老师严厉惩罚的)isnowacollegestudent
Thewaterdeliveredtohishome(送到他家的水)carrieddisease
TheEnglishtodayisquitedifferentfromtheEnglishspokeninthepast300years(300年前所说的)
Mostoftheartistsinvitedtotheparty(被邀请去参加聚会的)werefromSouthAfrica
Thestudentsinspiredbytheteacher(受到老师鼓舞的)workedharderthaneverbefore
TheOlympicGames,__A_in776BCdidnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912
AfirstplayedBtobefirstplayed
CfirstplayingDtobefirstplaying
①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。
②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生,与修饰词是主谓关系。
③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。
firstplayedin776BC=whichwasfirstplayedin776BC
Consolidation巩固
1Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices
AareboughtBbought
CbeenboughtDbuying
2Withalotofdifferentproblems____,
thenewly-electedpresidentishaving
ahardtime
AsettledBsettling
CtosettleDbeingsettled
3Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge
AbeingknownBhavingbeenknown
CtobeknownDknown
4WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater”
Apin,readBpinning,reading
Cpinned,readingDpinned,read
2)作表语表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如:disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。
Thewindowisbroken窗户碎了。
Don’tgetsoexcited别这么激动。
1用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱,主要表示动作的完成和状态,此时相当于一个形容词。
2被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者,后面常跟by短语。
①Theglassisbroken
TheglasswasbrokenbyTom
②Thewindowsareclosed
ThewindowsareclosedbyJack
3表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,
surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。
①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay
Theygotveryexcited
②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime
Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults
③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult
④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners
作表语练习:
Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour
ApayBpayingCpaidDtopay
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysbbythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有:getburnt,gethurt,getwounded
1Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein
ApaintedBpainting
CbeingpaintedDtobepainted
2Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____
AwaslosingBgotlosing
CgrewlostDgotlost
3Whathehasdoneisreally____Nowhisparents
are_____him
Adisappointing;disappointedat
Bdisappointing;disappointedabout
Cdisappointing;disappointedwith
Ddisappointed;disappointingby
现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义
现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或完成
amovingmovie感人的
amovedaudience被感动的观众
boilingwater正在烧(煮沸)的水
boiledwater已煮沸的水
developingcountries反展中国家
developedcountries发达国家
fallingleaves落叶(正在进行)
fallenleaves落叶(已经完成)
Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother
Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom
ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverygood
TheroadcompletedyesterdayisleadingtoTibet。have
a
hard
time
(in)
doing
sth
做某事很困难
例:Most
of
us
know
what
we
ought
to
do,
but
have
a
hard
time
doing
it
我们大多数人都知道应该怎么做,但是做起来却不容易。
省略了介词in,应该是have a hard time in doing 没时间做什么事情。
hard
英 [hɑːd] 美 [hɑːrd]
adj坚固的;坚硬的;结实的;难做的;难懂的;难以回答的;困苦的;艰苦的;艰难的。
adv努力地;费力地;艰难地;猛力地;猛烈地;彻底认真地。
I have a hard time paying attention in school
在课堂上,我很难集中精神。
相关短语:
1、hard bargain 大肆讨价还价
2、hard customer 挑剔的顾客
3、hard face 难看的脸
4、hard heart 铁石心肠
have time to do sth 不定式作定语。意为有时间做某事。have为静态动词,have a good或者hard time doing sth 现在分词短语作时间状语,have为动态动词,意为在做某事的过程中经历了/度过了一段美好时光或艰难日子。
时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。
动词时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段,即:"现在、过去、将来、过去将来"四种。
用doing,强调在这一段hardtime的原因所在,因为这一段时间一直持续在做某件事情,所以感觉很累,很辛苦。
这是一个固定句型,had
a
hard
time
doing
sth
或者
have
a
good
time
doing
sth
歌曲:Hard Times Come Again No More
歌手:The Chieftains/Paolo Nutini
填词:スティーヴン・フォスター
谱曲:スティーヴン・フォスター
歌词
Let us pause in life's pleasures and count its many tears,
让我们记住曾经的欢乐,细数往日的泪光
While we all sup sorrow with the poor
当我们在困顿中啜饮悲伤的苦酒
There's a song that will linger forever in our ears
有一首歌永远回荡在我们耳边
Oh! Hard times come again no more
艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨
'Tis the song,the sigh of the weary
这首歌啊,寄托着困倦的太息
Hard Times,hard times,come again no more
艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
Many days you have lingered around my cabin door
漫漫的时光里,你徘徊在我的小屋门前
Oh! Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
While we seek mirth and beauty and music light and gay
当我们追索着欢乐,美好与轻柔欢快的琴音
There are frail forms fainting at the door
还有穷苦人晕倒在门前
Though their voices are silent,their pleading looks will say
虽然他们的声音喑哑,他们的恳切的目光依旧在说
Oh! Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
'Tis the song,the sigh of the weary
这首歌啊,寄托着困倦的太息
Hard Times,hard times,come again no more
艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
Many days you have lingered around my cabin door
漫漫的时光里,你徘徊在我的小屋门前
Oh! Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
There's a pale drooping maiden who toils her life away,
苍白无力的少女一生辛劳困苦
With a worn heart whose better days are o'er
疲倦的心早已不再期望美好的明天
Though her voice would be merry,'tis sighing all the day
但在整日的叹息之后,她的声音依旧欢欣
Oh Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
'Tis a sigh that is wafted across the troubled wave
这是一声跨越茫茫苦海的太息
'Tis a wail that is heard upon the shore
这是一句随着波涛涌来的悲叹
'Tis a dirge that is murmured around the lowly grave
这是一首轻轻絮叨的浅坟的哀歌
Oh Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
'Tis the song,the sigh of the weary
这首歌啊,寄托着困倦的太息
Hard Times,hard times,come again no more
艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
Many days you have lingered around my cabin door
漫漫的时光里,你徘徊在我的小屋门前
Oh! Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
Oh! Hard times come again no more
噢,艰辛的岁月啊,都只在昨天
扩展资料
《Hard Times Come Again No More》该歌曲收录在专辑《Voice Of Ages》中,由环球唱片公司发行于2012-01-01,该张专辑包含了15首歌曲。
该歌曲其他版本
1、SHANTI演唱的《Hard Times Come Again No More》,该歌曲收录在专辑《SHANTI sings BALLADS》中,由(P)Nippon Columbia Co Ltd/NIPPONOPHONE公司发行于2016-12-21,该张专辑包含了12首歌曲。
2、Various Artists演唱的《Hard Times Come Again No More》,该歌曲收录在专辑《Hard Times Come Again No More》中,由Yazoo公司发行于2006-05-22,该张专辑包含了23首歌曲。
“have a hard time to do”是错误的,没有这个表达法。
have a hard time doing(做某事有困难)相当于have trouble doing sth
正确的形式应该是have a good/hard/difficult time (in) doing,这里的in可以省略的,因为in是介词,介词后面通常情况下可加名词或动名词(doing),是不可以加to do的。
to do与to+doing用法
1、功能不同
go on/ leave off/ stop doing:-ing分词作宾语。
go on/ leave off/ stop to do:不定式作目的状语。
2、搭配不同
在动词agree,decide后,可直接带不定式,但若带-ing分词,则必须添加介词。
agree to do sth同意做某事
agree on doing sth同意做某事
decide to do sth决定要做某事
decide on doing sth决定要做某事
3、时间不同
forget/ remember doing:表示动作发生在“忘记”、“记得”之前。
forget/ remember to do:表示动作发生在“忘记”、“记得”之后。
I forgot to do my homework我忘记要做家庭作业了。
I forget having finished my homework我忘了我已经做完作业了。
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