用过很多年，也知道怎么用，但就是不知道为什么要那么写，gradle的各种花式配置，到底怎么是什么意思呢，要怎么理解这些写法呢？
比如以下的gradle配置（android项目的gradle配置）
要理解这些，必须先搞清楚Groovy语法，gradle正是基于Groovy来实现的。
Groovy是一种DSL（Domain Specific Languages）特定领域语言，一般只用在特定领域
怎么去理解Groovy语言呢？
废话少说，先写个hello world！
如果你用的是 idea 工具，一般 tools菜单下都一个 Groovy Console
打开以后，什么都没有。
这是这样：
6、创建一个对象，跟java语法类似
现在我们可以来重新理解一下gradle中写的哪些玩意了
比如文章开始贴的gradle配置 ：
附上完整的demo例子
** 1.2.1 创建项目结构 **
在项目的根目录下面新建一个文件夹，名为buildSrc,然后依次新建子目录
src/main/groovy,然后可以建自己的包名，这里以demo.gradle.task为例，依次新建
子目录demo/gradle/task,然后在buildSrc根目录下面新建build.gradle文件，里面写入：
最终目录结构如下：
编译之后变成下面的样式：
** 1.2.2 编写task**
在demo.gradle.task包中，新建一个task类，名为HelloGradleTask.groovy,
注意在sayHello方法上的那个@TaskAction注解的作用。
** 1.2.3 使用task**
在项目中的build.gradle中添加如下脚本：
重新编译项目，在项目下面就会多了一个名为myCustomTask的task，执行task，
会打印########## custom task ###########和"Hello Gradle Custom Task"
两句话。
以上，为自定义task的所有方式。总的来说，如果只是自己项目中要使用，
第一二钟方式就满足了，然后根据task的复杂度来选择使用哪种方式。
下面是配置范例 build.gradle：
apply plugin: 'groovy'
repositories {
mavenLocal()
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile 'org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all:2.3.7'
compile 'org.apache.ant:ant:1.9.4'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.11'
testCompile 'commons-io:commons-io:2.2'
}
sourceSets {
main {
groovy {
srcDirs = ['./src/main/groovy']
include 'Main.groovy'
}
}
test {
groovy {
srcDirs = ['./src/test/groovy']
}
}
}
task runScript(type: JavaExec) {
description 'Run Groovy script'
// Set main property to name of Groovy script class.
main = 'Main'
// Set classpath for running the Groovy script.
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
}
defaultTasks 'runScript'
Main.groovy
import groovy.util.Node
import groovy.xml.XmlUtil
public class Main{
public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator")
boolean extractPassword(Node root, def map){
boolean update = false
String beanId
String propertyName
for(def entry: map.entrySet()){
beanId = entry.key.split('_')[0]
propertyName = entry.key.split('_')[-1]
def node = root.find{ it."@id" == beanId }.find{ it."@name" == propertyName }
String password = node.attribute("value")
if( password ==~ /\$\{.*?\}/ ){
println "It's already a place-holder of Spring style. Skip."
continue
}
node."@value" = '${' + entry.key + '}'
entry.value = password
update = true
//println XmlUtil.serialize(node)
}
return update
}
void saveXml(String fileName, Node xml){
def writer = new FileWriter(fileName)
def printer = new XmlNodePrinter(new PrintWriter(writer))
printer.preserveWhitespace = true
printer.print(xml)
}
void saveSstsConfiguration(String fileName, def map){
File file = new File(fileName)
Properties props = new Properties()
file.withInputStream{ stream ->
props.load(stream)
}
boolean update = false
map.entrySet().each{ entry->
if(props[entry.key] == null){
if( !(entry.value ==~ /\$\{.*?\}/) ){
file.append(LINE_SEPARATOR + "${entry.key}=${entry.value}")
update = true
}
}
}
if(update){
file.append(LINE_SEPARATOR)
}
}
static main(args){
Main obj = new Main()
String fileName = "./src/main/resources/Spring-Config.xml"
def map = ["database_password":"", "sybase_password":""]
File file = new File(fileName)
Node root = new XmlParser().parseText(file.getText())
boolean update = obj.extractPassword(root, map)
if(update){
new AntBuilder().copy( file:fileName, tofile:fileName + "_Bak")
obj.saveXml(fileName, root)
String sstsConfiguration = "./src/main/resources/ssts.configuration"
new AntBuilder().copy( file:sstsConfiguration, tofile:sstsConfiguration + "_Bak")
obj.saveSstsConfiguration(sstsConfiguration, map)
}else{
println "No update and no replication."
}
println map
}
}
MainTest.groovy
import org.junit.*
import static org.junit.Assert.*
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils
import groovy.util.AntBuilder
import groovy.xml.XmlUtil
import groovy.util.Node
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils
class MainTest {
private obj = null
static final String input = '''<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<bean id="database" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=gbk"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="sa"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sybase" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=gbk"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="ind_suezssts"/>
</bean>
</beans>
'''
static final String target = '''<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<bean id="database" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=gbk"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="${database_password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sybase" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=gbk"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="${sybase_password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
'''
static def map = null
static Node root
static Node xml
@BeforeClass
public static void enter(){
}
@Before
public void setUp(){
root = new XmlParser().parseText(input)
xml = new XmlParser().parseText(target)
obj = new Main()
map = ["database_password":"", "sybase_password":""]
}
@Test
public void extractPasswordReturnTrue(){
boolean result = obj.extractPassword(root, map)
def mymap = ["database_password":"sa", "sybase_password":"ind_suezssts"]
assertTrue result
assertEquals mymap,map
assertEquals XmlUtil.serialize(xml), XmlUtil.serialize(root)
}
@Test
public void extractPasswordReturnFalse(){
Node myxml = new XmlParser().parseText(target)
boolean result = obj.extractPassword(xml, map)
def mymap = ["database_password":"", "sybase_password":""]
assertFalse result
assertEquals mymap,map
assertEquals XmlUtil.serialize(myxml), XmlUtil.serialize(xml)
}
@Test
public void saveXml(){
//String fileName, Node xml
String fileName = "./src/test/resources/test-A.xml"
new File(fileName).delete()
obj.saveXml(fileName, xml)
assertTrue new File(fileName).exists()
Node myxml = new XmlParser().parseText(new File(fileName).getText())
assertEquals XmlUtil.serialize(myxml), XmlUtil.serialize(xml)
}
// void saveSstsConfiguration(String fileName, def map){
@Test
public void saveSstsConfiguration(){
String fileName = "./src/test/resources/ssts.configuration.test"
String fileTarget = "./src/test/resources/ssts.configuration.target"
new File(fileName).write("")
boolean result = obj.extractPassword(root, map)
obj.saveSstsConfiguration(fileName, map)
assertEquals(FileUtils.readLines(new File(fileName)), FileUtils.readLines(new File(fileTarget)))
}
}
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