如果使用如下语句新增列,可以成功添加列col1。但如果数据表tb已经有旧的分区(例如:dt=20190101),则该旧分区中的col1将为空且无法更新,即便insert overwrite该分区也不会生效。
解决方法:
解决方法很简单,就是增加col1时加上cascade关键字。示例如下:
加深记忆的方法也很简单,cascade的中文翻译为“级联”,也就是不仅变更新分区的表结构(metadata),同时也变更旧分区的表结构。
ADD COLUMNS lets you add new columns to the end of the existing columns but before the partition columns. This is supported for Avro backed tables as well, for Hive 0.14 and later.
REPLACE COLUMNS removes all existing columns and adds the new set of columns. This can be done only for tables with a native SerDe (DynamicSerDe, MetadataTypedColumnsetSerDe, LazySimpleSerDe and ColumnarSerDe). Refer to Hive SerDe for more information. REPLACE COLUMNS can also be used to drop columns. For example, "ALTER TABLE test_change REPLACE COLUMNS (a int, b int)" will remove column 'c' from test_change's schema.
The PARTITION clause is available in Hive 0.14.0 and latersee Upgrading Pre-Hive 0.13.0 Decimal Columns for usage.
The CASCADE|RESTRICT clause is available in Hive 1.1.0. ALTER TABLE ADD|REPLACE COLUMNS with CASCADE command changes the columns of a table's metadata, and cascades the same change to all the partition metadata. RESTRICT is the default, limiting column changes only to table metadata.
方法一:利用编辑器直接插入控制字符,以Vi为例。进入Vi:Shell代码收藏代码$visupply-20110101.txt在Vi命令模式下,键入:setlist,设置控制字符可见,成功后Vi会立即显示一个行结束标志$。填入Hive表中需要的每列数据欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出
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