AAMOF as a matter of fact
ADN any day now
AFAIC as far as I'm concerned
AFAICS as far as I can see
AFAICT as far as I can tell
AFAIK = as far as I know 就我所知
AFAIR as far as I remember
AFK away from keyboard
AISB as I said before
AISI as I see it
AIUI as I understand it
AKA - " Also Known As"
AKA also known as
ANFAWFOS and now for a word from our sponsor
ANFSCD And now for something completely different...
ARP - " Address Resolution Protocol"
ARQ - " Automatic Repeat Request"
ASAP as soon as possible
ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) :美国信息交换标准码。
ASP(Active Server Pages) :是一种基于 Windows NT 的 IIS 的服务器端的脚本编写环境。
ATLA another three letter acronym
AWGTHTGTATA Are we going to have to go through all this again?
AWGTHTGTTA Are we going to have to go through this again?
AYOR at your own risc
BAK back at keyboard
BBL be back later 稍后便回
BBS - " Bulletin Board Software" and " Bulletin Board System"
BBS be back soon
BCNU be seeing you
BF boyfriend
BFN bye for now
Big5 :大五码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文繁体字, 为港、台地区广泛使用。
BIOS(Basic Input and Output System) :基本输入输出系统。
BOT back on topic
BRB = be right back 很快回来
Browser :浏览器,一种可在 Internet 上任何地方查找和访问文件的程序, 如网景公司 (Netscape) 所推出的 Netscape Navigator 或微软公司 (Microsoft) 的 Microsoft Internet Explorer 。
BSD - " Berkeley Software Distribution"
BSF but seriously folks
BST but seriously though
BTAIM be that as it may
BTDT been there done that
BTHOM Beats the hell outta me!
BTSOOM Beats the shit out of me!
BTW = by the way 顺便说一下
BTWBO Be there with bells on.
Cc: - " Carbon Copy"
CD(Compact Disc) :光盘。
CGI - " Comman Gateway Interface"
CGI(Common Gateway Interface) :通用网关接口,通用网关接口,是 Web 服务器与外部应用程序之间的一个接口标准。
CIU(Computer Interface Unit) :计算机接口部件。
CMIIW Correct me if I'm wrong.
COTFLGOHAHA Crawling on the floor laughing guts out and having a heart attack.
CU See you.
CUA commonly used acronym
CUL See you later. 再会
CUL8R See you later.
CWYL Chat with you later.
CYA Cover your ass.
D&C Duck and cover.
DBMS(Date Base Mananement System) :数据库管理系统。
DC = Washington D . C 华盛顿特区
DDE(Dynamic Date Exchang) :动态数据交换。
DEC(Digital Equipment Corporation) :数字设备公司。
DES - " Data Encryption Standard"
DIIK = damned if I know 我的确不知道
DILLIGAD Do I look like I give a darn?!
DILLIGAF Do I look like I give a fuck!
DIY do it yourselves
DIY(er)(Do It Yourself) :自己动手做,泛指 *** 作、使用、安装、维护计算机的人。
DNPM darn near pissed myself
DNS - " Domain Name Service"
Domain :域,称为网络区域, 每区有独立的运行方式。
DOS(Disk Operating System) :磁盘 *** 作系统,是一种早期最常见的 *** 作系统。
DUCWIC Do you see what I see?
DVD(Digital Video Disk) :数字视盘。
DWISNWID Do what I say not what I do.
DYHWIH Do you hear what I hear?
DYJHIW Don't You just hate it when...
E2EG ear to ear grin
EIDE(Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics interface) :增强型集成驱动器电子接口标准,传输速度高,适于大硬盘。
EIN(Educational Information Network) :教育信息网。
Elm - " Electronic Mail for UNIX"
E-mail :电子邮(函)件,是计算机应用软件的通用术语, 可使用户在不同的计算机上发送信息, 电子邮件是网络上最常用的通信方式。
EOD end of discussion
EOF end of file
EOS end of show
ESAL Eat shit and live!
ETLA extended three letter acronym
FAAK falling asleep at keyboard
FAFWOA for a friend without access
FAQ - " Frequently asked questions"
Fcc: - " File Carbon Copy"
FIFO first in first out
Firewall :防火墙,用来分割网域、过滤传送和接收资料、及防制非法入侵。
FITB Fill in the blank.
FOAD Fuck off and die.
FOAF friend of a friend
FOAFOAG father of a friend of a girlfriend
FOAG father of a girlfriend
FOC free of charge
FTASB faster than a speeding bullet
FTF = face to face 面对面
FTL faster than light
FTP - " File Transfer Protocol" (now often seen in lower case as " ftp" )
FTP(File Transfer Protocol) :文件传输协议,是 Internet 网上最早使用的文件传输程序。
FU fucked up
FUBAR - " F'd Up Beyond All Recognition"
FUBAR fucked up beyond all recognition
FUBB fouled up beyond belief
FUD (spreading) fear, uncertainty, and disinformation
FWIW = for what it's worth 对其价值而言
FYA for Your amusement
FYE for Your entertainment
FYI = for your information 供参考
GA go ahead
GAFIA get away from it all
GAL get a life
Gateway :网关,资料传输在不同的网段相接的接口。
GB :国标码,中文内码之一, 此码代表中文简体字, 为中国大陆广泛使用。
GD&R - " Grinning, Ducking and Running (After snide remark)"
GF girlfriend
GFAK go fly a kite
GG - " Good Game"
GGN gotta go now
GIGO garbage in, garbage out
GIWIST Gee, I wish I'd said that.
GMT - " Greenwich Mean Time"
GMTA great minds think alike
GNU - " GNU is Not Unix (recursive)"
GR&D grinning, running &ducking
GTFOOMF Get the fuck out of my face.
GUI - " Graphical Users Interface"
HAK hugs and kisses
HAND - " Have A Nice Day"
HAND have a nice day
HLOL hysterically laughing out loud
HLOLARAWCHAWMP hysterically laughing out loud and rolling around while clapping hands and wetting my pants
homepage :主页,在任何超文本系统中, 作为进入 Web 有关文档的初始入口点的文档。
HOMPR Hang on, mobile phone's ringing.
HP who's then running horrified into the street beeing killed accidentally by a yellow bulldozer ROTFLBTCUTS ... ... unable to stop
HTH - " Hope This/To Help(s)"
HTML - " HyperText Markup Language"
HTML :超文本标示语言,此语言专用在全球互联网上, 为网上标准格式化的一种, 需用浏览器来观看。
HTTP - " HyperText Transfer Protocol"
HTTP :超文本传送方式,此为网页常用的传送方式之一。
HWS(PEST) husband wants sex (please excuse slow typing)
hyperlink :超链,此为连接另一些网页的入囗, 含有此连接点的文字通常以蓝字底线显示。
hypertext :超文本,此文件规格含有超文本处理语言, 可以通过链接至其它地方, 用於网页上。
IAC in any case
IAE = in any event 无论如何
IAE in any event
IANAL I am not a lawyer (also IANAxxx, such as IANACPA)
IANALBIPOOTV I am not a lawyer, but I play one on TV
IARTPFWTSIOWIM I am repeating this parrot-fashion with out the slightest idea of what it means.
IBC inadequate, but cute
IBTD I beg to differ.
IC = I see 我明白
ICCL - " I Could Care Less"
ICMP(Internet Control Messages Protocol) : Internet 信报控制协议,如果服务器关闭了该协议服务,那么你将无法" ping" 通它。
IDE(Integrated Drive Electronices interface) :集成驱动器电子接口标准,是硬盘广泛使用的一种接口标准。
IDGAD I don't give a damn.
IDGAS I don't give a shit.
IDK I don't know IDK - " I don't know"
IHTFP - " I have truly found paradise" (or: I hate this f'n place)
IIRC - " If I Recall Correctly"
IIRC If I recall correctly
IITYWIMWYBMAD If I tell you what it means will you buy me a drink?
IITYWTMWYKM If I tell you what this means will you kiss me?
IIWM if it were me (mine)
ILIWTPCT I love it when the plan comes together
ILSHIBAMF I laughed so hard I broke all my furniture!
IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol) 协议: Internet 消息访问协议,这是一种比 POP3 协议更具先进特性的协议。
IMBO in my biased opinion
IMCAO in my completely arrogant opinion (Use for attracting flames!)
IMCO in my considered opinion
IME in my experience
IMHO = in my humble opinion 依本人愚见
IMNSHO in my not so humble opinion
IMO = in my opinion 在我看来
INPO in no particular order
IO - " Input Output" As in file IO.
IOW = in other words 换句话说
IP Address :网络协定位址,又称网络地址、 IP 地址, 此地址在全球网络上独一无二, 不可重复。
IP(Internet Protocol) :网络协议。
IRC - " Internet Relay Chat"
IRL in real life
ISA(Industrial Standard Architecture) :工业标准结构,是即将淘汰的一种总线结构。
ISO(International Organization for Standardization) :国际标准化组织。
ISP - " Internet Service Provider"
ISP(Internet Setvice Provider) : Internet 服务提供商。
ISTM it seems to me
ISTR I seem to recall
IT(Information Technology) :信息技术。
ITA I totally agree
IYKWIM - " If You Know What I Mean"
IYKWIMAITYD - " If You Know What I Mean And I Think You Do"
IYSWIM If You see what I mean.
JAM Just a minute.
Java :爪哇语言, Java 是 SUN 公司的编程语言, 用于编制面向网络的小应用程序 (Applet) , 墒雇�秤卸��男Ч�霸怂愕哪芰Α?
JavaScript :这是一种在网页中使用的描述语言,可以使网页变得生动活泼。微软版的 JavaScript 被称之为 JScript ,可以在 ASP 中使用。
JM2C - " Just My 2 Cents"
KISS keep it simple, stupid
L & R = later 稍后
LAN - " Local Area Network"
LAN(Local Area Network) :局域网。
LIFO last in first out
LLTA Lots and lots of thunderous applause!
LMFAO Laughing my fucking ass off.
LOL = laughing out loud 大声笑
LSHMSH laughing so hard my side hurts
LTIP laughing till I puke
MB(Mega Byte) :百万字节,也称找兆字节,为 1024*1024 个字节。
MDA - " Mail Delivery Agent"
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor"
MFG more friendly garbage
MFTL my favorite toy language
MHOTY my hat's off to you
MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) :乐器数字接口。
MIME - " Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions"
MMIF my mouth is full MOSFET - "
MTFBWY May the force be with you!
MTG = meeting 会议
MUD - " Multiple User Dungeon" an interactive multiuser game
MYOB Mind your own business!
NALOPKT Not a lot of people know that.
NBD no big deal
NFI no friggin' idea
NFW no fucking way
NH - " Nice Hand"
NIMBY not in my back yard
NIT = night 晚上
NNTP - " Network News Transfer Protocol"
NOS(Network Operate System) :网络 *** 作系统。
NRN = no reply necessary 不必回答
NS(Network Service) :网络服务。
NTL nevertheless
NTP - " Network Time Protocol"
NTTAWWT not that there's anything wrong with that
NY = New York 纽约
O.K. - abbreviation of " oll korrect"
OAO over and out
OATUS on a totally unrelated subject
OAUS on an unrelated subject
OBTW oh, by the way
OIC Oh , I see .我明白了。
OICQ 使用的便是本协议。
OLE(Object Linking and Embedding) :对象链接与嵌入。
OLL KORRECT, so the abreviation for those words were O.K.
ONNA Oh no, not again!
ONNTA Oh no, not this again!
OOTB out of the box (brand new)
OOTC obligatory on-topic comment
OS(Operating System) : *** 作系统。
OSF - " Open Software Foundation"
OSI(Open System Intercinnection) :开放系统互连。
OTC Over the counter
OTOH = on the other hand 另一方面
OTOOH on the other other hand
OTT over the top
OTTH on the third hand
OTTOMH off the top of my head
OTTOMHAROOB off the top of my head and rolling out of bounds
OTW on the whole
OWTTE or words to that effect P.S. - " Post Script"
PCI(Peripherial Component Interconnect) :外围设备互连,也是一种总线结构。
PD public domain
PEM = privacy enhanced mail 保密邮件
PERL - " Pratical Extraction and Reporting Language" or " Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" "
Perl 语言:目前在写 CGI 程序中最流行的一种语言, 大部份用来写给通用网关接口处理一些网页传送。
PINE - " Pine Is Not Elm"
PITA pain in the ass
PLS = please 请
PMFJI - " Pardon Me For Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMIGBOM Put mind in gear, before opening mouth!
PMJI - " Pardon My Jumping In (another polite way to get into a running discussion"
PMYMHMMFSWGAD Pardon me, you must have mistaken me for some one who gives a damn
POP3 协议:电子邮件接收协议第三版,支持该协议的电子邮件服务器允许用户把服务器端的电子邮件用电子邮件收发程序接收到本地来。
POV point of view PovRay - " Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer"
PPP - " Point-to-Point Protocol"
PS - " Post Script"
RAEBNC Read and enjoyed, but no comment.
RARP - " Reverse Address Resolution Protocol"
Re: - " Regarding" . Often used in mail software.
Req: - " Request" .
RFC - " Request For Comments"
ROTBA reality on the blink again
ROTFFNAR rolling on the floor for no apparent reason
ROTFL = rolling on the floor laughing 笑得在地上打滚
ROTFLAHMS ... and holding my sides
ROTFLASTC ... and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTC ... biting the carpet
ROTFLBTCACTC ... ... and scaring the cat
ROTFLBTCASTCIIHO ... ... ... if I had one
ROTFLBTCDICAJTTWADBSIHPWTRHITSBKABAYB ... dancing in circles and jumping through the window almost dieing by smashing into
ROTFLGO ... guts out
ROTFLMAO - " Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off"
ROTFLOL ... out loud
ROTFLOLVH ... out loud very hard
ROTFLSTC ... scaring the cat
ROTFTPOF ... trying to put out flames
ROTFWTIME rolling on the floor with tears in my eyes
RSN real soon now (which may be a long time coming)
RTF - " Rich Text Format"
RTFAQ read the FAQ RTFI read the fucking instructions
RTFM read the fucking manual
RTFMA read the fucking manual, again
RTFMS Read the fucking manual, sir! (from the military)
RTM = read the manual 读指导手册
RUOK Are You OK? SBCN Sitting behind the computer naked.
SCNR Sorry, couldn`t resist.
SCSI(Small Computer Standand Interface) :小型计算机磁盘标准接口。
SGML - " Standard Generalized Markup Language"
SHM Shit happens, mate. SICS sitting in chair snickering
SIMCA sitting in my chair amused
SITD still in the dark SLIP - " Serial Line Internet Protocol"
SMOP small matter of programming
SMTP - " Simple Mail Transfer Protocol"
SMTP 服务器才能被发送出去。
SMTP(Simple Message Transfer Protocol) 协议:简单邮件传输协议,用于电子邮件的传输。电子邮件需要有
SNAFU situation normal, all fucked up
SNR signal to noise ratio
SO significant other
SOHF - " Sense Of Humor Failure"
SOI stunk on ice sp? - abbreviation of " spelling?"
SPAM - " Stupid Persons' AdvertiseMent "
SWAG - " Scientific Wild Ass Guess
SWALK - " Sealed With A Loving Kiss"
SWISH - " Simple Web Indexing System for Humans"
TAFN that's all for now
TANJ there ain't no justice
TANSTAAFL there ain't no such thing as a free lunch
TARFU things are really fouled up
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)/IP(Internet Protocol) 协议:用于网络的一组通讯协议,包括传输协议和网际协议。
TCP/IP - " Transmissions Control Protocol/Internet Protocol"
TGAL think globally, act locally
THOT = thought 思想
TIA - " The Internet Adaptor"
TIA = thanks in advance 先谢谢了
TIC tongue in cheek
TINALO this is not a legal opinion
TINAR this is not a recommendation
TINWIS that is not what I said
TLA = three-letter acronyms 三个字母的缩写词
TLA VG = very good 非常好
TMTOWTDI there's more than one way to do it
TNOTVS theres nothing on TV so,....
TNX thanks TPS(S) this program sucks (severely)
TPTB the powers that be
TRDMC tears running down my cheeks
TSOHF total sense of humor failure
TTBOMK to the best of my knowledge
TTFN ta ta for now
TTUL = talk to you later 以后再说
TTY - " Tele-TYpe"
TTYL talk to you later
TTYRS talk to you real soon
TUFD the user file died
TVM thanks very much
TWIMC - " To Whom It May Concern"
TYCLO Turn your CAPS LOCK off. (Quit shouting.)
TYVM = thank you very much 非常感谢
U = you 你
UBD user brain damage
UDP - " User Datagram Protocol"
UDP(User Datagram Protocol) 协议:用户数据报协议,这是一种架设于TCP/IP 协议之上的快速协议,但不具备较好的安全性
UPGS unfinished project guilt syndrome
UPS(Uninterrupted Power Supply) :不间断电源。
UR = your 你的
URL - " Uniform Resource Locator"
URL :全球资源统一定位符,网页在全球互联网上独一无二的定位点。
UTC under the counter
UTT under the table
VCD(Video Compact Disc) :可视光盘。
VETLA very enhanced
VGA(Video Graphica Array) :视频图形阵列。
VR virtual reality
VRAM(Video Read Access Memory) :显示存储器,供显示卡使用。
VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) :虚拟实境模拟语言, 此语言可使网页产生虚拟现实 (Virtual Reality) 的立体动画效果。
WAB? What another bill?
WAG wild ass guess
WAIS - " Wide Area Information Server "
WAIS(Wide Area Information Server) :广域网信息服务。
WAN - " Wide Area Networks "
WAN(Wide Area Network) :广域网或称远距离网络。
WDYMBT What do you mean by that?
WEDS / WEDNES = Wednesday 星期三
WGAS Who gives a shit?
WIBAMU Well, I'll be a monkey's uncle.
WIBNI would it be nice if
WMMOWS Wash my mouth out with soap!
WNOHGB where no one has gone before
WRT = with respect to 关于
WRT with regard to
WT without thinking
WTH what the hell
WTTM without thinking too much
WWW or 3W - " World Wide Web "
WWW( World Wide Web) :万维网,是 Internet 上发展最快的部分, 需用浏览器查阅。
WYLABOCTGWTR Would you like a bowl of cream to go with that remark?
WYLASOMWTC Would you like a saucer of milk with that comment?
WYSIWYG = what you see is what you get 所见即所得
WYTYSYDG What you thought you saw, you didn't get.
YAOTM yet another off-topic message
YHGASP You have got a serious problem
YMMV - " Your Mileage May Vary" (You may not have the same luck I did)
YWIA - " You're welcome in advance"
YWSYLS You win some, you lose some
华为在5G技术方面彻底领先后,美国就对华为动了歪心思,多次修改规则,对华为进行无端的打压,尤其是芯片方面。
据了解,美国修改规则后,凡是采用美国的技术的企业,在没有许可的情况下,均不能自由出货,这直接影响到了华为海思芯片。
都知道,华为仅做芯片研发设计,自身并不生产制造芯片,台积电不能自由出货后,华为海思芯片可能就无法生产了。
另外,华为研发设计芯片需要用到美国的EDA软件,还需要用ARM的架构,要知道,全球移动芯片研发设计公司几乎都不离开这两样技术授权。
也正是因为如此,美国修改规则后,华为海思芯片公司面临着一个比较棘手的问题。
所以华为才宣布全面进入芯片半导体领域内,还要在新材料和终端制造方面突破瓶颈。
但没有想到的是,近日,ARM、中科院先后官宣表态,华为芯迎来两个好消息,情况是这样的。
首先,ARM官宣全新的V9架构符合美国出口规则。
华为一直都基于ARM的架构研发设计芯片,并且已经获得V8架构的永久授权,可以一直使用V8架构。
由于ARM的架构技术不断进步,其已经成功研发出来全新的V9架构,相比V8架构而言,其能够带来更出色的性能。
这意味着如果其它厂商基于ARM V9架构研发设计芯片,而华为依旧采用ARM V8架构的话,华为研发设计的芯片可能就落后一代。
如今,ARM日前正式对外官宣表态,其推出了V9 架构满足美国技术出口的要求,这意味着其不受美国出口规则的限制,未来可以授权给华为使用。
这对于华为而言,自然是一个好消息,毕竟研发架构成本高、周期长,三星投入巨资,最后还是放弃了,基于ARM的架构研发设计芯片。
而ARM官宣表态,全新的V9 架构不受美国出口规则限制,未来其自然可以授权给华为使用,华为也就能够基于ARM V9架构研发设计全新的芯片。
其次,中科院成功研发新的芯片指令集架构。
据悉,芯片研发设计难,主要是芯片架构研发难度大,全球仅有少数几种芯片架构,分别是英特尔的X86、ARM以及MIPS开源架构等。
由于英特尔X86架构的授权几乎拿不到,所以国内PC芯片研发设计,要么基于MIPS开沟架构,要么基于ARM的架构。
这也是越来越多PC芯片基于ARM架构的原因之一。
但是,就在4月中旬,中科院征地对外官宣表态,其放弃采用开源的MIPS架构,并发布了自主研发设计的指令集架构Loongson Architecture,简称龙芯架构。
作者:蓝伞科技 https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv10945377 出处:bilibili
ARM公司以及ARM芯片的现状和发展,从应用的角度介绍了ARM芯片的选择方法,并介绍了具有多芯核结构的ARM芯片。列举了目前的主要ARM芯片供应商,其产品以及应用领域。举例说明了几种嵌入式产品的最佳ARM芯片选择方案。
快速导航
词条图册
中文名ARM芯片隶属ARM公司 成立1990年特点多芯核结构
目
录
1名称简介
2选择原则
ARM
系统时钟
存储容量
USB接口
GPIO
中断
IIS接口
nWAIT
RTC
LCD
PWM
立体声频
扩展总线
UART
DSP
FPGA
计数器
电源管理
DMA
3多芯核
4防盗器
5词条图册
1名称简介
编辑
ARM芯片(19)ARM公司自1990年正式成立以来, 在32位RISC(Reduced Instruction Set ComputerCPU)开发领域不断取得突破,其结构已经从V3发展到V7。由于ARM公司自成立以来,一直以IP(Intelligence Property)提供者的身份向各大半导体制造商出售知识产权,而自己从不介入芯片的生产销售,加上其设计的芯核具有功耗低、成本低等显著优点,因此获得众多的半导体厂家和整机厂商的大力支持,在32位嵌入式应用领域获得了巨大的成功,已经占有75%以上的32位RISC嵌入式产品市场。在低功耗、低成本的嵌入式应用领域确立了市场领导地位。设计、生产ARM芯片的国际大公司已经超过50多家,国内中兴通讯和华为通讯等公司也已经购买ARM公司的芯核用于通讯专用芯片的设计。
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非常流行的ARM芯核有 ARM7TDMI, StrongARM, ARM720T, ARM9TDMI, ARM922T, ARM940T, RM946T, ARM966T, ARM10TDM1等。自V5以后,ARM公司提供Piccolo DSP的芯核给芯片设计者,用于设计ARM+DSP 的SOC (System On Chip) 结构的芯片。此外,ARM芯片还获得了许多实时 *** 作系统(Real Time Operating System)供应商的支持,比较知名的有:Windows CE、Linux、pSOS、VxWorks Mucleus、EPOC、uCOS、BeOS等。随着国内嵌入式应用领域的发展,ARM芯片必然会获得广泛的重视和应用。但是,由于ARM芯片有多达十几种的芯核结构,70多家芯片生产厂家,以及千变万化的内部功能配置组合,给开发人员在选择方案时带来一定的困难。所以,对ARM芯片做一对比研究是十分必要的。
2选择原则
编辑
从应用的角度,对在选择ARM芯片时所应考虑的主要因素做一详细的说明。
ARM
如果希望使用WinCE或Linux等 *** 作系统以减少软件开发时间,就需要选择ARM720T以上带有MMU(memory management unit)功能的ARM芯片,ARM720T、StrongARM、ARM920T、ARM922T、ARM946T都带有MMU功能。而ARM7TDMI没有MMU,不支持Windows CE和大部分的Linux, 但目前有uCLinux等少数几种Linux不需要MMU的支持。
系统时钟
系统时钟决定了ARM芯片的处理速度。ARM7的处理速度为0.9MIPS/MHz,常见的ARM7芯片系统主时钟20MHz-133MHz,ARM9的处理速度为1.1MIPS/MHz,常见的ARM9的系统主时钟为100MHz-233MHz, ARM10最高可以达到700MHz。不同芯片对时钟的处理不同,有的芯片只有一个主时钟频率,这样的芯片可能不能同时顾及UART和音频时钟的准确性,如Cirrus Logic的EP7312等有的芯片内部时钟控制器可以分别为CPU核和USB、UART、DSP、音频等功能部件提供不同频率的时钟,如PHILIPS公司的SAA7550等芯片。
存储容量
在不需要大容量存储器时,可以考虑选用有内置存储器的ARM芯片。见表1。
表1 内置存储器的ARM芯片
芯片型号 供应商 FLASH容量 ROM容量 SRAM容量
AT91F40162 ATMEL 2M Bytes 256K bytes 4K Bytes
AT91FR4081 ATMEL 1M Bytes 128K Bytes
SAA7750 Philips 384K Bytes 64K bytes
PUC3030A Micronas 256K Bytes 56K bytes
HMS30C7202 Hynix 192K Bytes
LC67F500 Snayo 640K Bytes 32K
USB接口
许多ARM芯片内置有USB控制器,有些芯片甚至同时有USB Host和USB Slave控制器。见表2。
表2 内置USB控制器的ARM芯片
芯片型号 ARM内核 供应商 USB Slave USB Host IIS接口
S3C2410 ARM920T Samsung 1 2 1
S3C2400 ARM920T Samsung 1 2 1
S5N8946 ARM7TDMI Samsung 1 0 0
L7205 ARM720T Linkup 1 1 0
L7210 ARM720T Linkup 1 1 0
EP9312 ARM920T Cirrus Logic 0 3 1
Dragonball MX1 ARM920T Motorola 1 0 1
SAA7750 ARM720T Philips 1 0 1
TMS320DSC2x ARM7TDMI TI 1 0 0
PUC3030A ARM7TDMI Micronas 1 0 5
AAEC-2000 ARM920T Agilent 1 0 0
ML67100 ARM7TDMI OKI 1 0 0
ML7051LA ARM7TDMI OKI 1 0 0
SA-1100 StrongARM Intel 1 0 0
LH79531 ARM7TDMI Sharp 1 0 0
GMS320C7201 ARM720T Hynix 1 0 1
GPIO
在某些芯片供应商提供的说明书中,往往申明的是最大可能的GPIO数量,但是有许多引脚是和地址线、数据线、串口线等引脚复用的。这样在系统设计时需要计算实际可以使用的GPIO数量。
中断
ARM内核只提供快速中断(FIQ)和标准中断(IRQ)两个中断向量。但各个半导体厂家在设计芯片时加入了自己不同的中断控制器,以便支持诸如串行口、外部中断、时钟中断等硬件中断。外部中断控制是选择芯片必须考虑的重要因素,合理的外部中断设计可以很大程度的减少任务调度的工作量。例如PHILIPS公司的SAA7750,所有GPIO都可以设置成FIQ或IRQ,并且可以选择上升沿、下降沿、高电平、低电平四种中断方式。这使得红外线遥控接收、指轮盘和键盘等任务都可以作为背景程序运行。而Cirrus Logic公司的EP7312芯片,只有4个外部中断源,并且每个中断源都只能是低电平或者高电平中断,这样在用于接收红外线信号的场合时,就必须用查询方式,会浪费大量的CPU时间。
IIS接口
IIS(Integrate Interface of Sound)接口即集成音频接口。如果设计音频应用产品,IIS 总线接口是必需的。
nWAIT
外部总线速度控制信号。不是每个ARM芯片都提供这个信号引脚,利用这个信号与廉价的GAL芯片就可以实现与符合PCMCI标准的WLAN卡和Bluetooth卡的接口,而不需要外加高成本的PCMCIA专用控制芯片。另外,当需要扩展外部DSP 协处理器时,此信号也是必需的。
RTC
很多ARM芯片都提供实时时钟功能,但方式不同。如Cirrus Logic公司的EP7312的RTC只是一个32位计数器,需要通过软件计算出年月日时分秒而SAA7750和S3C2410等芯片的RTC直接提供年月日时分秒格式。
LCD
有些ARM芯片内置LCD控制器,有的甚至内置64K彩色TFT LCD控制器。在设计PDA和手持式显示记录设备时,选用内置LCD控制器的ARM芯片如S3C2410较为适宜。
PWM
有些ARM芯片有2~8路PWM输出,可以用于电机控制或语音输出等场合。
立体声频
有些ARM芯片内置2~8通道8~12位通用ADC,可以用于电池检测、触摸屏和温度监测等。PHILIPS的SAA7750更是内置了一个16位立体声音频ADC和DAC,并且带耳机驱动。
扩展总线
大部分ARM芯片具有外部SDRAM和SRAM扩展接口,不同的ARM芯片可以扩展的芯片数量即片选线数
量不同,外部数据总线有8位、16位或32位。某些特殊应用的ARM芯片如德国Micronas的
PUC3030A没有外部扩展功能。
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