以介绍半导体为主题的英语作文

钻石可能成为理想的半导体

Along with being a "girl's best friend," diamonds also have remarkable1properties that could make them ideal semiconductors3. This is welcome news for electronicssemiconductors are needed to meet the rising demand for more efficient electronics that deliver and convert power. The thirst for electronics is unlikely to cease and almost every appliance or device requires a suite4of electronics that transfer, convert and control power. Now, researchers have taken an important step toward that technology with a new way to dope single crystals of diamonds, a crucial process for building electronic devices.

"We need the devices to manipulate the power in the way that we want," said Zhengqiang (Jack) Ma, an electrical and computer engineering professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He and his colleagues describe their new method in the Journal of Applied5 Physics, from AIP Publishing.

Power semiconductor devices and power electronics

World's first semiconductor rectifier and the transistor is, when no power semiconductor or microelectronics semiconductor division. In 1958, China began the first research topic Thyristor (originally known as PNPN device). In similar time, the study of integrated circuits began gradually. From semiconductor devices to the two direction. The former became the basis for power electronics, while the latter led to the development and micro-electronics and information electronics.

According to the system, power system devices are classified to the machinery, integrated circuits, electronic systems are included. As the semiconductor leader in the electronic systems, coupled with the semiconductor integrated circuits is the main body, which after a long-term evolution of integrated circuits in a number of occasions, has become almost synonymous with semiconductor devices only.

At the end of the sixties and early seventies, the country has set off a "SCR" hot. The boom continued a long time, great influence, and therefore still believe that the domestic power of semiconductors is the main SCR. The late seventies, the development of a thyristor family. And called the name of a standardized "thyristor." As the technology to regulate the power switch, so the wear and tear on a small device, so as the energy trump card. Its application is to cover all fields. China was first mooted in 1979, the establishment of Power Electronics Society, IEEE slightly earlier than the establishment of the United States Institute of Power Electronics (Power Electronics Society). Power Electronics Society of China was founded, as a result of the importance of professional development is very rapid. However, because the focal point was the relationship, it does not like the United States become an independent professional institutes, and was subsequently set up part of the China Electrotechnical Society.

The translation and definition of Power Electronics for Power Electronics (the original idea was also known as the Power Electronics), and the popularity of power electronics played a role. Mechanical, electrical, electronic and other departments are very concerned about its development. Related to the power semiconductor devices has also been known as the power electronic devices. However, this name is very difficult to find abroad, but the corresponding terms. "Electricity" in reference to electronic access to universal, but also left a number of sequels. People mistakenly believe that only high-power direction is the "power" of the main electronic devices, and the difficulty of the rapid development of the MOSFET as a "power electronics" of the other main. From that point, I would like to use power semiconductor devices as the subject of this article, and power electronic devices can be used to express a broader sense to include other non-semiconductor, including a variety of power electronic devices.

The development of power semiconductor devices in three stages

The development of power semiconductor devices can be divided into three stages. The first stage is 60 to the seventies, when the various types of thyristors and power transistors Darlington significant development, or what might be called the era of bipolar. Its clients are mainly for industrial applications, including power systems, such as locomotive traction. The second stage is 80 to the nineties, due to the rise of the power MOSFET to power electronics into a new area. Modern 4C booming industry: the Communication, Computer, Consumer, Car (communication, computer, consumer electronics, automobiles) to provide a new vitality. Before and after the twenty-first century, the development of power semiconductor devices have entered the third phase, that is, and integrated circuit combined with a growing stage, Figure 1 and Figure II made to the above description of a simple sum. Of course, first of all need to focus on that here is this: when the continuous development of power semiconductor devices, the previous stage has not been the dominant product from the stage of history. For example, SCR is still an important product. China has in recent years the introduction of ultra-high-power thyristor, thyristor-controlled technology, such as China's major power transmission project, providing a key device. Recently, in considering the introduction of IGCT technology. In this regard it should be said that has gradually moved towards the world. This is our country going on the many major infrastructure. Although the view from the United States, the production of high-power thyristors have been less and less on the economic development of the two countries are not identical. I draw in Figure 2 in power semiconductor devices in both directions in the development. The left side of the bipolar nature of the direction toward the integration of ultra-high-power and direction. The right direction is unipolar, it is more established and integrated circuits of the inseparable relationship between closely.

微系统微电子、光电子、微电子机械系统(MEMS)三大核心技术为美国军方 使它能够看到更远,以更清晰、更及时的信息沟通. 这些成绩是在美国开始兴建萎缩日益复杂的系统芯片成规模packagesintegrating三个核心的硬件技术 进入信息时代系统芯片. 它在微电子交叉口、光电子、 而有些微的最大挑战和机遇出现上扬. 这一模式是壮观减少晶体管集成电路1412页下moores大小法: 一旦占领整个电子衣架现在适合到晶片含有数百万晶体管. 这一进展是顺利、 未来在于增加各层次多种技术集成制造还是更为复杂的能力. 一个好的例子是分子电子纲领. 在10至15年,电脑开关today's主导技术的CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)晶体管、 其规模将达到极限,不再事先下按moores法. 期待, 电子分子正在寻求替代方案的CMOS晶体管分子开关有100至1000倍较小 并有可能达到每平方厘米万亿交换机. 这一发展将使大小,重量,并增加其处理器和力量的表现, 让更多的计算能力将越来越小,再放入卷 高智慧提高军队的士兵同时减少系统负荷. 已有坚实步伐向着这个目标:在2004年财政年度, 美国开始期待展示首16千位元记忆基于分子开关.

回答者：thychensheng - 助理 二级 3-18 15:38

Microelectronics, photonics, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are

three core technologies for the U.S. military, enabling it to see farther, with

greater clarity, and better communicate information in a timely manner.

DARPA is building on these accomplishments by shrinking ever-more-complex

systems into chip-scale packages—integrating the three core hardware

technologies of the information age into systems on a chip. It is at the

intersection of microelectronics, photonics, and MEMS that some of the greatest

challenges and opportunities for DoD arise.

The model for this integration is the spectacular reduction in transistor circuit

Page 12 of 14

size under Moore’s Law: electronics that once occupied entire racks now fit onto

a single chip containing millions of transistors. As successful as this progress

has been, the future lies in increasing the level of integration among a variety of

technologies to create still-more-complex capabilities.

A good example is the Molecular Electronics program. Within 10 to 15 years,

today’s dominant computer switch technology, CMOS (complementary metal

oxide semiconductor) transistors, will reach its lower size limits and no longer

advance according to Moore’s Law.

Anticipating this, the Molecular Electronics program is seeking to replace CMOS

transistors with molecular switches that are 100 to 1,000 times smaller and

have the potential to reach a trillion switches per square centimeter. This

development will reduce the size, weight, and power of processors and increase

their performance, allowing greater computing power to be packed into ever

smaller volumes, increasing the “smarts” of military systems while reducing the

soldiers’ load.

There has been solid progress toward this goal: in FY 2004, DARPA expects to

demonstrate the first 16-kilobit memory based on molecular switches.(好难哟）我不可以翻译，对不起！

回答者：evelynkoh - 助理 二级 3-18 15:40

微系统微电子、光电子、微电子机械系统(MEMS)三大核心技术为美国军方 使它能够看到更远,以更清晰、更及时的信息沟通. 这些成绩是在美国开始兴建萎缩日益复杂的系统芯片成规模的配套硬件集成技术的三个核心 进入信息时代系统芯片. 它在微电子交叉口、光电子、 而有些微的最大挑战和机遇出现上扬. 这一模式是壮观减少晶体管集成电路1412页下大小摩尔定律: 一旦占领整个电子衣架现在适合到晶片含有数百万晶体管. 这一进展是顺利、 未来在于增加各层次多种技术集成制造还是更为复杂的能力. 一个好的例子是分子电子纲领. 在10至15岁,今天的电脑开关技术优势,的CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)晶体管、 其规模将达到极限,不再事先下按摩尔定律. 期待, 电子分子正在寻求替代方案的CMOS晶体管分子开关有100至1000倍较小 并有可能达到每平方厘米万亿交换机. 这一发展将使大小,重量,并增加其处理器和力量的表现, 让更多的计算能力将越来越小,再放入卷 越来越"智慧"的军事体系,同时减少战士的负荷. 已有坚实步伐向着这个目标:在2004年财政年度, 美国开始期待展示首16千位元记忆基于分子开关.

回答者：四眼仔8858 - 秀才 二级 3-18 15:46

真是好难啊,有什么不足之处不要见怪

微电子、光电子、微电子机械系统(MEMS)三大核心技术为美军,使其能看到远 以更清醒、更及时的信息沟通. 这些成绩是在美国开始兴建萎缩日益复杂的系统芯片成规模的配套硬件集成技术的三个核心 进入信息时代系统芯片. 它在微电子交叉口、光电子、 而有些微的最大挑战和机遇出现上扬. 这一模式是壮观减少晶体管集成电路1412页下大小摩尔定律: 一旦占领整个电子衣架现在适合到晶片含有数百万晶体管. 这一进展是顺利、 未来在于增加各层次多种技术集成制造还是更为复杂的能力. 一个好的例子是分子电子纲领. 在10至15岁,今天的电脑开关技术优势,的CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)晶体管、 其规模将达到极限,不再事先下按摩尔定律. 期待, 电子分子正在寻求替代方案的CMOS晶体管分子开关有100至1000倍较小 并有可能达到每平方厘米万亿交换机. 这一发展将使大小,重量,并增加其处理器和力量的表现, 让更多的计算能力将越来越小,再放入卷 越来越"智慧"的军事体系,同时减少战士的负荷. 已有坚实步伐向着这个目标:在2004年财政年度, 美国开始期待展示首16千位元记忆基于分子开关.

回答者：xyfyeah - 助理 三级 3-18 15:50

微系统微电子、光电子、微电子机械系统(MEMS)三大核心技术为美国军方 使它能够看到更远,以更清晰、更及时的信息沟通. 这些成绩是在美国开始兴建萎缩日益复杂的系统芯片成规模的配套硬件集成技术的三个核心 进入信息时代系统芯片. 它在微电子交叉口、光电子、 而有些微的最大挑战和机遇出现上扬. 这一模式是壮观减少晶体管集成电路1412页下大小摩尔定律: 一旦占领整个电子衣架现在适合到晶片含有数百万晶体管. 这一进展是顺利、 未来在于增加各层次多种技术集成制造还是更为复杂的能力. 一个好的例子是分子电子纲领. 在10至15岁,今天的电脑开关技术优势,的CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)晶体管、 其规模将达到极限,不再事先下按摩尔定律. 期待, 电子分子正在寻求替代方案的CMOS晶体管分子开关有100至1000倍较小 并有可能达到每平方厘米万亿交换机. 这一发展将使大小,重量,并增加其处理器和力量的表现, 让更多的计算能力将越来越小,再放入卷 越来越"智慧"的军事体系,同时减少战士的负荷. 已有坚实步伐向着这个目标:在2004年财政年度, 美国开始期待展示首16千位元记忆基于分子开关.

回答者：猪_宝_贝 - 见习魔法师 二级 3-18 15:54

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