对于硬件工程师来讲电子元器件失效是个非常麻烦的事情,比如某个半导体器件外表完好但实际上已经半失效或者全失效会在硬件电路调试上花费大把的时间,有时甚至炸机
今天主要说的是电容器,电阻器和电感
电容器失效模式与机理电容器的常见失效模式有:击穿短路;致命失效开路;致命失效电参数变化(包括电容量超差、损耗角正切值增大、绝缘性能下降或漏电流上升等);部分功能失效漏液;部分功能失效引线腐蚀或断裂;致命失效绝缘子破裂;致命失效绝缘子表面飞弧;部分功能失效,引起电容器失效的原因是多种多样的
各类电容器的材料、结构、制造工艺、性能和使用环境各不相同,失效机理也各不一样
引起电容器击穿的主要失效机理①电介质材料有疵点或缺陷,或含有导电杂质或导电粒子;②电介质的电老化与热老化;③电介质内部的电化学反应;④银离子迁移;⑤电介质在电容器制造过程中受到机械损伤;⑥电介质分子结构改变;⑦在高湿度或低气压环境中极间飞弧;⑧在机械应力作用下电介质瞬时短路
电容过电压失效的防范电容器在过压状态下容易被击穿,而实际应用中的瞬时高电压是经常出现的
选择承受瞬时过电压性能好的电容器,找原厂制造安全可靠
瓷谷CG电子专业制造销售电容器
电阻器失效模式与机理失效机理:是导致失效的物理、化学、热力学或其他过程
1、电阻器的主要失效模式与失效机理为1)开路:主要失效机理为电阻膜烧毁或大面积脱落,基体断裂,引线帽与电阻体脱落
2)阻值漂移超规范:电阻膜有缺陷或退化,基体有可动钠离子,保护涂层不良
3)引线断裂:电阻体焊接工艺缺陷,焊点污染,引线机械应力损伤
4)短路:银的迁移,电晕放电
电感失效分析电感器失效模式:电感量和其他性能的超差、开路、短路模压绕线片式电感失效机理:1.磁芯在加工过程中产生的机械应力较大,未得到释放2.磁芯内有杂质或空洞磁芯材料本身不均匀,影响磁芯的磁场状况,使磁芯的磁导率发生了偏差;3.由于烧结后产生的烧结裂纹;4.铜线与铜带浸焊连接时,线圈部分溅到锡液,融化了漆包线的绝缘层,造成短路;5.铜线纤细,在与铜带连接时,造成假焊,开路失效
网上很方便查,
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
DGQ
10-Pin
Top View
DRC
10-Pin
Top View
Pin Functions
PIN
I/O
DESCRIPTION
NAME
NO.
BP 9 O Regulator output pin. Connect a 1.0 μF bypass capacitor from this pin to GND. 稳压器输出引脚。 在此引脚与GND之间连接一个1.0μF旁路电容。BP就是旁路(ByPass)的意思。
一般是自举电容之类的。由于芯片内部制造电容电感很困难(制造半导体器件如晶体管却很容易),所以设计时把集成电路中需要接电容的地方用引脚引出来,在芯片外面接。所以越大的芯片引脚越多,四周放的电容也越多。
COMP 4 O Error amplifier output. Connect control loop compensation network between COMP pin and FB pin.
DIS/EN 3 I Disable pin. Pulling this pin high, places the part into a shutdown mode. Shutdown mode is characterized by a very low quiescent current. While in shutdown mode, the functionality of all blocks is disabled and the BP regulator is shut down. This pin has an internal 1 MΩ pull-down resistor to GND. Leaving this pin unconnected enables the device.
FB 5 I Error amplifier inverting input. Connect a voltage divider from the output to this pin to set output voltage. Compensation network is connected between this pin and COMP.
GDRV 8 O Connect the gate of the power N channel MOSFET to this pin.
GND 6 - Device ground.
ISNS 7 I Current sense pin. Connect an external current sensing resistor between this pin and GND. The voltage on this pin is used to provide current feedback in the control loop and detect an overcurrent condition. An overcurrent condition is declared when ISNS pin voltage exceeds the overcurrent threshold voltage, 150 mV typical.
RC 1 I Switching frequency setting pin. Connect a resistor from RC pin to VDD of the IC power supply and a capacitor from RC to GND.
SS 2 I Soft-start time programming pin. Connect capacitor from SS pin to GND to program converter soft-start time. This pin also functions as a timeout timer when the power supply is in an overcurrent condition.
VDD 10 I System input voltage. Connect a local bypass capacitor from this pin to GND. Depending on the amount of required slope compensation, this pin can be connected to the converter output. See Application Informationsection for additional details.
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