浅谈Python_Openpyxl使用

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pip install openpyxl

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from openpyxl import Workbook

# 实例化

wb = Workbook()

# 激活 worksheet

ws = wb.active

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>>> from openpyxl import load_workbook

>>> wb2 = load_workbook('文件名称.xlsx')

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# 方式一：数据可以直接分配到单元格中(可以输入公式)

ws['A1'] = 42

# 方式二：可以附加行，从第一列开始附加(从最下方空白处，最左开始)(可以输入多行)

ws.append([1, 2, 3])

# 方式三：Python 类型会被自动转换

ws['A3'] = datetime.datetime.Now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

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# 方式一：插入到最后(default)

>>> ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")

# 方式二：插入到最开始的位置

>>> ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet", 0)

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# sheet 名称可以作为 key 进行索引

>>> ws3 = wb["New Title"]

>>> ws4 = wb.get_sheet_by_name("New Title")

>>> ws is ws3 is ws4

True

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# 显示所有表名

>>> print(wb.sheetnames)

['Sheet2', 'New Title', 'Sheet1']

# 遍历所有表

>>> for sheet in wb:

... print(sheet.Title)

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# 方法一

>>> c = ws['A4']

# 方法二：row 行；column 列

>>> d = ws.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)

# 方法三：只要访问就创建

>>> for i in range(1,101):

...     for j in range(1,101):

...      ws.cell(row=i, column=j)

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# 通过切片

>>> cell_range = ws['A1':'C2']

# 通过行(列)

>>> colC = ws['C']

>>> col_range = ws['C:D']

>>> row10 = ws[10]

>>> row_range = ws[5:10]

# 通过指定范围(行 → 行)

>>> for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):

...  for cell in row:

...    print(cell)

<Cell Sheet1.A1>

<Cell Sheet1.B1>

<Cell Sheet1.C1>

<Cell Sheet1.A2>

<Cell Sheet1.B2>

<Cell Sheet1.C2>　

# 通过指定范围(列 → 列)

>>> for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):

...  for cell in row:

...    print(cell)

<Cell Sheet1.A1>

<Cell Sheet1.B1>

<Cell Sheet1.C1>

<Cell Sheet1.A2>

<Cell Sheet1.B2>

<Cell Sheet1.C2>

# 遍历所有 方法一

>>> ws = wb.active

>>> ws['C9'] = 'hello world'

>>> tuple(ws.rows)

((<Cell Sheet.A1>, <Cell Sheet.B1>, <Cell Sheet.C1>),

(<Cell Sheet.A2>, <Cell Sheet.B2>, <Cell Sheet.C2>),

...

(<Cell Sheet.A8>, <Cell Sheet.B8>, <Cell Sheet.C8>),

(<Cell Sheet.A9>, <Cell Sheet.B9>, <Cell Sheet.C9>))

# 遍历所有 方法二

>>> tuple(ws.columns)

((<Cell Sheet.A1>,

<Cell Sheet.A2>,

<Cell Sheet.A3>,

...

<Cell Sheet.B7>,

<Cell Sheet.B8>,

<Cell Sheet.B9>),

(<Cell Sheet.C1>,

...

<Cell Sheet.C8>,

<Cell Sheet.C9>))

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>>> wb.save('文件名称.xlsx')

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ws.sheet_propertIEs.tabcolor = "1072BA"

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# 获得最大列和最大行

print(sheet.max_row)

print(sheet.max_column)

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sheet.rows为生成器, 里面是每一行的数据，每一行又由一个tuple包裹。

sheet.columns类似，不过里面是每个tuple是每一列的单元格。

# 因为按行，所以返回A1, B1, C1这样的顺序

for row in sheet.rows:

  for cell in row:

    print(cell.value)

# A1, A2, A3这样的顺序

for column in sheet.columns:

  for cell in column:

    print(cell.value)

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from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter, column_index_from_string

# 根据列的数字返回字母

print(get_column_letter(2)) # B

# 根据字母返回列的数字

print(column_index_from_string('D')) # 4

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# 方式一

wb.remove(sheet)

# 方式二

del wb[sheet]

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rows = [

  ['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],

  [2, 40, 30],

  [3, 40, 25],

  [4, 50, 30],

  [5, 30, 10],

  [6, 25, 5],

  [7, 50, 10]]

List(zip(*rows))

# out

[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7),

 ('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50),

 ('data2', 30, 25, 30, 10, 5, 10)]

# 注意 方法会舍弃缺少数据的列(行)

rows = [

  ['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],

  [2, 40  ], # 这里少一个数据

  [3, 40, 25],

  [4, 50, 30],

  [5, 30, 10],

  [6, 25, 5],

  [7, 50, 10],

]

# out

[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), ('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50)]

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from openpyxl.styles import Font, colors, Alignment

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bold_itatic_24_Font = Font(name='等线', size=24, italic=True, color=colors.RED, bold=True)

sheet['A1'].Font = bold_itatic_24_Font

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# 设置B1中的数据垂直居中和水平居中

sheet['B1'].alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')

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# 第2行行高

sheet.row_dimensions[2].height = 40

# C列列宽

sheet.column_dimensions['C'].wIDth = 30

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# 合并单元格， 往左上角写入数据即可

sheet.merge_cells('B1:G1') # 合并一行中的几个单元格

sheet.merge_cells('A1:C3') # 合并一个矩形区域中的单元格

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sheet.unmerge_cells('A1:C3')

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import datetime

from random import choice

from time import time

from openpyxl import load_workbook

from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter

# 设置文件 mingc

addr = "openpyxl.xlsx"

# 打开文件

wb = load_workbook(addr)

# 创建一张新表

ws = wb.create_sheet()

# 第一行输入

ws.append(['TIME', 'Title', 'A-Z'])

# 输入内容（500行数据）

for i in range(500):

  TIME = datetime.datetime.Now().strftime("%H:%M:%s")

  Title = str(time())

  A_Z = get_column_letter(choice(range(1, 50)))

  ws.append([TIME, Title, A_Z])

# 获取最大行

row_max = ws.max_row

# 获取最大列

con_max = ws.max_column

# 把上面写入内容打印在控制台

for j in ws.rows: # we.rows 获取每一行数据

  for n in j:

    print(n.value, end="\t")  # n.value 获取单元格的值

  print()

# 保存，save（必须要写文件名（绝对地址）默认 py 同级目录下，只支持 xlsx 格式）

wb.save(addr)