使用Python导出Excel图表以及导出为图片的方法

概述本篇讲下如何使用纯python代码将excel中的图表导出为图片。这里需要使用的模块有win32com、pythoncom模块。

本篇讲下如何使用纯python代码将excel 中的图表导出为图片。这里需要使用的模块有win32com、pythoncom模块。

网上经查询有人已经写好的模块pyxlchart，具体代码如下：

from win32com.clIEnt import dispatchimport osimport pythoncomclass Pyxlchart(object): """ This class exports charts in an Excel Spreadsheet to the fileSystem win32com librarIEs are required. """ def __init__(self):  pythoncom.CoInitialize()  self.WorkbookDirectory = ''  self.Workbookfilename = ''  self.GetAllWorkbooks = False  self.Sheetname = ''  self.Chartname = ''  self.GetAllWorkbookCharts = False  self.GetAllWorksheetCharts = False  self.ExportPath = ''  self.Imagefilename = ''  self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar = '_'  self.ImageType = 'jpg' def __del__(self):  pass def start_export(self):  if self.WorkbookDirectory == '':   return "WorkbookDirectory not set"  else:   self._export() def _export(self):  """  Exports Charts as determined by the settings in class variabels.  """  excel = dispatch("excel.application")  excel.Visible = False  wb = excel.Workbooks.Open(os.path.join(self.WorkbookDirectory,self.Workbookfilename))  self._get_Charts_In_Worksheet(wb,self.Sheetname,self.Chartname)  wb.Close(False)  excel.Quit() def _get_Charts_In_Worksheet(self,wb,worksheet = "",chartname = ""):  if worksheet != "" and chartname != "":   sht = self._change_sheet(wb,worksheet)   cht = sht.ChartObjects(chartname)   self._save_chart(cht)   return  if worksheet == "":   for sht in wb.Worksheets:    for cht in sht.ChartObjects():     if chartname == "":      self._save_chart(cht)     else:      if chartname == cht.name:       self._save_chart(cht)  else:   sht = wb.Worksheets(worksheet)   for cht in sht.ChartObjects():    if chartname == "":     self._save_chart(cht)    else:     if chartname == cht.name:      self._save_chart(cht) def _change_sheet(self,worksheet):  try:   return wb.Worksheets(worksheet)  except:   raise nameError('Unable to Select Sheet: ' + worksheet + ' in Workbook: ' + wb.name) def _save_chart(self,chartObject):  imagename = self._get_filename(chartObject.name)  savepath = os.path.join(self.ExportPath,imagename)  print savepath  chartObject.Chart.Export(savepath,self.ImageType) def _get_filename(self,chartname):  """  Replaces white space in self.Workbookfilename with the value given in self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar  If self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar is an empty string then self.WorkBookfilename is left as is  """  if self.Imagefilename == '':   self.Imagefilename == chartname  if self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar != '':   chartname.replace(' ',self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar)  if self.Imagefilename != "":   return self.Imagefilename + "_" + chartname + "." + self.ImageType  else:   return chartname + '.' + self.ImageTypeif __name__ == "__main__": xl = Pyxlchart() xl.WorkbookDirectory = "\\maawtns01\discipline\procurement\MATERIEL\Raw Material\Data Management\Hawk" xl.Workbookfilename = "Hawk Workability KPI.xlsm" xl.Sheetname = "" xl.Imagefilename = "MyChart1" xl.ExportPath = "d:\pycharts" xl.Chartname = "" xl.start_export() print "This file does not currently allow direct access" print "Please import PyXLChart and run start_export()"

   
这里还使用Excel vba将chart另存为图片篇中创建的chart_column.xlsx表，使用上面的模块的方法如下：

from pyxlchart import Pyxlchartxl = Pyxlchart()xl.WorkbookDirectory = "D:\"xl.Workbookfilename = "chart_column.xlsx"xl.Sheetname = ""#xl.Imagefilename = "MyChart1"xl.ExportPath = "d:\"xl.Chartname = ""xl.start_export()

由于有该表里有多张图表，所以上面未指定xl.Imagefilename ，使用示例如下：

Excel vba将chart另存为图片
python下使用xlswriter模块，可以轻松在excel 中创建图片，不过想实现将生成的chart图表导出为图片，在email 中导入图片的目标 。经网上查询未找到通过python代码将excel 中已经生成的图片导出为图片的方法，不过通过变通方法，使用excel 内的vba 宏却可以轻松将图片导出。

1、导出单张图片

python 创建chart图片代码：

#Coding: utf-8import xlsxwriterimport randomdef get_num(): return random.randrange(0,201,2)workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('analyse_spIDer.xlsx') #创建一个Excel文件worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet() #创建一个工作表对象chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'}) #创建一个图表对象#定义数据表头列表Title = [u'业务名称',u'星期一',u'星期二',u'星期三',u'星期四',u'星期五',u'星期六',u'星期日',u'平均流量']buname= [u'运维之路',u'就要IT',u'baIDu.com',u'361way.com',u'91it.org'] #定义频道名称#定义5频道一周7天流量数据列表data = []for i in range(5): tmp = [] for j in range(7):  tmp.append(get_num()) data.append(tmp)format=workbook.add_format() #定义format格式对象format.set_border(1) #定义format对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式format_Title=workbook.add_format() #定义format_Title格式对象format_Title.set_border(1) #定义format_Title对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式format_Title.set_bg_color('#cccccc') #定义format_Title对象单元格背景颜色为          #'#cccccc'的格式format_Title.set_align('center') #定义format_Title对象单元格居中对齐的格式format_Title.set_bold() #定义format_Title对象单元格内容加粗的格式format_ave=workbook.add_format() #定义format_ave格式对象format_ave.set_border(1) #定义format_ave对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式format_ave.set_num_format('0.00') #定义format_ave对象单元格数字类别显示格式#下面分别以行或列写入方式将标题、业务名称、流量数据写入起初单元格，同时引用不同格式对象worksheet.write_row('A1',Title,format_Title)worksheet.write_column('A2',buname,format)worksheet.write_row('B2',data[0],format)worksheet.write_row('B3',data[1],format)worksheet.write_row('B4',data[2],format)worksheet.write_row('B5',data[3],format)worksheet.write_row('B6',data[4],format)#定义图表数据系列函数def chart_serIEs(cur_row): worksheet.write_formula('I'+cur_row,\  '=AVERAGE(B'+cur_row+':H'+cur_row+')',format_ave) #计算（AVERAGE函数）频               #道周平均流量 chart.add_serIEs({  'categorIEs': '=Sheet1!$B:$H',#将“星期一至星期日”作为图表数据标签(X轴)  'values':  '=Sheet1!$B$'+cur_row+':$H$'+cur_row,#频道一周所有数据作                #为数据区域  'line':  {'color': 'black'},#线条颜色定义为black(黑色)  'name': '=Sheet1!$A$'+cur_row,#引用业务名称为图例项 })for row in range(2,7): #数据域以第2～6行进行图表数据系列函数调用 chart_serIEs(str(row))chart.set_size({'wIDth': 577,'height': 287}) #设置图表大小chart.set_Title ({'name': u'爬虫分析'}) #设置图表（上方）大标题chart.set_y_axis({'name': 'count'}) #设置y轴（左侧）小标题worksheet.insert_chart('A8',chart) #在A8单元格插入图表workbook.close() #关闭Excel文档

由于这里只有一张图片，通过vba 代码很容易生成图片 。方法为，打开该excel 图表，通过alt + F11 快捷键打开宏编辑界面；打开VB编辑器的立即窗口：”视图“-”立即窗口“，或者使用快捷键"Ctrl + G" ，接着输入如下代码

activesheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.Export "C:\chart.png"

按 " Enter " 键后，会在C盘生成上面的生成的chart图表。

二、导出多张图表

python代码如下：

#Coding: utf-8import xlsxwriterworkbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart_column.xlsx')worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})# 这是个数据table的列headings = ['Number','Batch 1','Batch 2']data = [ [2,3,4,5,6,7],[10,40,50,20,10,50],[30,60,70,30],]worksheet.write_row('A1',headings,bold)worksheet.write_column('A2',data[0])worksheet.write_column('B2',data[1])worksheet.write_column('C2',data[2])#############################################创建一个图表，类型是columnchart1 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column'})# 配置serIEs,这个和前面wordsheet是有关系的。chart1.add_serIEs({ 'name':  '=Sheet1!$B','categorIEs': '=Sheet1!$A:$A','values':  '=Sheet1!$B:$B',})# Configure a second serIEs. Note use of alternative Syntax to define ranges.chart1.add_serIEs({ 'name':  ['Sheet1',2],'categorIEs': ['Sheet1',1,0],'values':  ['Sheet1',2,})# Add a chart Title and some axis labels.chart1.set_Title ({'name': 'Results of sample analysis'})chart1.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})chart1.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})# Set an Excel chart style.chart1.set_style(11)# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).worksheet.insert_chart('D2',chart1,{'x_offset': 25,'y_offset': 10})######################################################################### Create a stacked chart sub-type.#chart2 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column','subtype': 'stacked'})# Configure the first serIEs.chart2.add_serIEs({ 'name':  '=Sheet1!$B',})# Configure second serIEs.chart2.add_serIEs({ 'name':  '=Sheet1!$C','values':  '=Sheet1!$C:$C',})# Add a chart Title and some axis labels.chart2.set_Title ({'name': 'Stacked Chart'})chart2.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})chart2.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})# Set an Excel chart style.chart2.set_style(12)# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).worksheet.insert_chart('D18',chart2,'y_offset': 10})######################################################################### Create a percentage stacked chart sub-type.#chart3 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'column','subtype': 'percent_stacked'})# Configure the first serIEs.chart3.add_serIEs({ 'name':  '=Sheet1!$B',})# Configure second serIEs.chart3.add_serIEs({ 'name':  '=Sheet1!$C',})# Add a chart Title and some axis labels.chart3.set_Title ({'name': 'Percent Stacked Chart'})chart3.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})chart3.set_y_axis({'name': 'Sample length (mm)'})# Set an Excel chart style.chart3.set_style(13)# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).worksheet.insert_chart('D34',chart3,'y_offset': 10})workbook.close()

同一数据源上面创建了三种类型的图 ，由于有三张图，上面的导出一张图的方法肯定是不行了，这里打开宏，创建如下宏内容：

Sub exportimg()Dim XlsChart As ChartObjectFor Each XlsChart In Worksheets("Sheet1").ChartObjects XlsChart.Chart.Export filename:="C:\" & XlsChart.name & ".jpg",Filtername:="JPG"NextEnd Sub

该示例这里就不再截图，具体可以自行运行。

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