it的基本用法

one、it、this、that都是代词，它们的区别为：含义不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。

一、含义不同

1one

释义：pron 任何人；某人。

2it

释义：(指提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物)它。

3this

释义：(指较近的人或事物)这，这个。

4that

释义：(指较远的人或事物)那， 那个。

二、用法不同

1one

用法：（指已提过的人或物）这，那；这些，那些，用于表示所修饰的许多人或物中的一个。

2it

用法：it可以代替前面提到的某个名词、代词或句子，但在believe，expect，forget，imagine，remember，think等词后常常省略。

3this

用法：this用作代词可用以指叙述中的人或事物，即指前面提到过的人或事物或下文提及的事物，this一般作主语时才指人，在电话用语中，this用来指代自己。

4that

用法：that用作关系代词时，指人或事物，同时又在从句中充当句子成分，that偶尔也可引导非限制性定语从句。

三、侧重点不同

1one

解析：one指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物，即“同类不同物”。

2it

解析：it代替上文提到的东西。

3this

解析：this一般指较近的事物,不能代替前面的东西。

4that

解析：that在进行比较时，代替不可数名词，如weather , population 等，指示代词时，一般指较远的事物。

在英语中，"that" 和 "it" 是两个常用的代词，它们的用法和含义有一定的区别。下面我将为您详细解释它们之间的差异：

含义解释

"it"（/ɪt/）：这个词通常用作指示代词，表示某个特定的东西或事物。它也可以作为一个虚拟主语，引导一些表示天气、时间、距离等无生命事物的句子。

"that"（/ðæt/）：这个词可以作为指示代词，也可以作为关系代词。作为指示代词时，它表示一个特定的人或事物，通常与离说话人较远的对象有关。作为关系代词时，它引导限定性从句，修饰先行词。

语法、使用方法不同之处的对比

"it" 通常用于指代单数、中性的名词或先前提到的事物。"that" 作为指示代词时，可以指代单数的名词，也可以指代复数的名词。

"it" 作为虚拟主语，引导一些表示天气、时间、距离等无生命事物的句子，而 "that" 不具备这一功能。

"that" 可以作为关系代词引导限定性从句，修饰先行词，而 "it" 不能用作关系代词。

具体用法举例

It is raining outside（外面在下雨。）—— "it" 用作虚拟主语表示天气。

I like this book, but I don't like that one（我喜欢这本书，但我不喜欢那本。）—— "that" 作为指示代词，表示离说话人较远的书。

The computer that I bought yesterday is very fast（我昨天买的那台电脑运行速度很快。）—— "that" 作为关系代词，引导限定性从句。

It is a beautiful painting（那是一幅漂亮的画。）—— "it" 指代先前提到的画。

1、it的基本用法

（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。

The train has arrived It arrived half an hour ago

（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。

—What’s this —It’s a knife

—Whose watch is that —It’s mine

（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。

—Who is knocking at the door —It’s me

（4）指环境情况等。

It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment

（5）指时间、季节等。

—What time is it —It’s eight o’clock

It often rains in summer here

（6）指距离。

It is a long way to the school

（7）作形式主语。

It is not easy to finish the work in two days

It is no use crying over spilt milk

It is as pity that you didn’t read the book

（8）作形式宾语。

I think it no use arguing with him

I found it very interesting to study English

He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject

（9）用于强调结构。

It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night

It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night

It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street

It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night

2、含有“It is …”的句型

（1）It is time (for sb) to do sth

It is (high) time that sb did sth(虚拟语气)

（2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb）+ to do sth

通常用

of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。

（3）It is + 形容词 + that + sb + (should) do sth（虚拟语气）

能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：

It is important that we should pay close attention to grain

It is natural that he（should）say so

（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth

It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again

（5）It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + …

Was it in the street that you met her

Who was it that called him“comrade”

It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend

It is in a small factory that my brother is going to

work（注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）

比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to

work（定语从句）

（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…

（7）It is/was + 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。

It is three years since I met him in Beijing

It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain

village with these farmers（注意两句中的时态）

It is five months since I arrived in New York我到纽约已经五个月了。

It is five months since I was in New York我离开纽约已经五个月了。

（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）

（8）It is + 时间 + before …

这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three

hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。

It will be several years before we meet again

我们要过好几年才能再见面。

It was not long before they set out for the front

不久他们就出发去了前线。

（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …

It is the first time that I have been here

It was the second time that he had seen the film

（10）It is up to sb to do sth … 应由某人做某事。

It is up to you to decide whether we start or not

先请看下面两道高考题：

1 （2006年山东）I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer

A that B it C this D you

2 （2006年全国卷I）If I can help _______， I don't like working late into the night

A so B that C it D them

这两道题的答案均为it，但是，这两个it并不是一回事。

「析」在例1中，it是形式宾语，它指代的是条件状语从句if you would like to teach me how to use the computer的内容。英语中，it的这种用法要受到谓语动词的限制，不能随便使用。

这种情况主要有以下三种：

1 谓语动词appreciate， dislike， hate， like， love等后接由if或when等引导的从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it例如：

①The boy likes it when he's praised before guests （那个孩子喜欢在客人面前受表扬的时刻。）

②I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone （有时非得用法语去打电话，我真感到讨厌。）

2 动词take（认为，理解），hide（隐瞒），publish（公布）等后接由that引导的宾语从句时，往往从句前加上形式宾语it例如：

I take it that you disagree with me （我的理解是，你和我的看法不同。）

3 动词短语answer for（担保），count on（期待），depend on， insist on， see to（确保）等后接that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it例如：

①I am counting on it that you will come（我期待着你的到来。）

②Would you see to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim？ （你负责保证孩子们在游泳之后吃到一顿热饭，好吗？）

「注」这种情况与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合结构并不相同，因为在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。我们熟悉这些说法：

③I thought it strange that she hadn‘t written （她没有写信，我感到很奇怪。）

④Our teacher made it a rule that we should get to school 10 minutes ahead of time （老师规定，我们提前10分钟到校。）

⑤She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone （她认为他当时不接电话是不对的。）

「析」文章开头第2题中的it含义和用法与第1题迥然不同。这里it用作代词，指代的是working late into the night这件事；if one can help it意为“如果可能，如果办得到”。本句的意思为“要是办得到，我也不愿意工作到深夜”。又如：

①I can't stand it （=this situation） any longer

我再也不能忍受这种情况了。

②What's it like going with you？

和你一起去会是什么样呢？

以下是我为大家整理的it 的用法 总结 ，希望能帮助大家更好地认识it这个单词，提高英语水平。

1 It is + 被强调部分 + that

该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面， 其它 部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的 句子 。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的 方法 。

It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made

It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday

It was in the street that I met her father

2 It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that

该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为"清楚(显然，真的，肯定)"　是主语从句最常见的一种结构。

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree

= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear

3 It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural) that

该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

It is important that we (should) learn English well

It is necessary that he (should) remember these words

4 It is not until + 被强调部分 + that

该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语"直到才"，可以说是 not until 的强调形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star

= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star

= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses

5 It is said (reported, learned) that

该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为"据说(据报道，据悉)"。

It is said that he has come to Beijing

It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit

6 It is suggested ( ordered ) that

该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that　后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令)

It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off

It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours

7 It is a pity ( a shame ) that

该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class

这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾!

It is a pity that he is ill 他生病了，真遗憾!

8 It is time ( about time ,high time ) that

该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为"是(正是)的时侯"。

It is time that children should go to bed

= It is time that children went to bed

9 It is the first ( second ) time that

该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去;it有时用 this 替换常译为"是第一(二)次"。

It is the first time I have been here

= This is the first time I have been here

10 It is since

该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died

11 It is when

该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为"当的时候，是"。

It was 5 o’clock when he came here

12 It be before

该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或 短语 。常译为"之后"。

It was 3 days before he went to Beijing

It will be not long before he finishes his job

13 It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that

该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词

It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street 碰巧

It seems that he will be back in a few days 看来

14 It takes sb to do sth

该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为"做要花费某人"。

It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall

15 It is no good (use ) doing sth

该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。

It is no good learning English without speaking English

16 It doesn’t matter whether ( if )

该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为　"不论(是否)没关系。

It doesn’t matter if they are old

17 It is kind ( of sb ) to do sth

该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good (好心的), honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice(有教养的), polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb is kind to do sth

It is kind of you to say so

= You are kind to say so

18 It is necessary ( for sb ) to do sth

该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。

在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：

It is important for her to come to the party

= It is important that she (should ) come to the party

19 It looks ( seems ) as if

该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，"看起来好象"如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气

It looks as if he is ill(真的病了)

It looks as if he were ill (没有生病)

It seemed as if he were dying

20 We think it important to learn a foreign language

该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。

6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel;

1指的是形式宾语it;

2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词;

3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。

We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day

He felt it important learning English well

They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

相关 文章 推荐：

practise  的用法 详解

discussion 的四点 用法 详解

graduate 的用法 说明

动词be常考知识点

Bitch 用法 大全

worth 的用法

以上就是关于that和it有什么区别全部的内容，包括:that和it有什么区别、that和it的用法区别、it的基本用法等相关内容解答，如果想了解更多相关内容，可以关注我们，你们的支持是我们更新的动力！