It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not
2 It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句,这类名词有:a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour,a question
等,
如:It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match
It remains a question whether he will come or not
3 It + be + 过去分词+ 主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等,
如:
It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake
It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient
4 It + 不及物动词(seem, appear, happen等) + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有:appear, happen, seem等,
如:
It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth
It happened that I was out when he called
5 It + be + 形容词+ for sb)+ 动词不定式 这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible,wise等作表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加for sb,如:
It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language
It is unwise to give the children whatever they want
这类形容词有:easy, difficult, hard, important, possible,wise
6 It + be + 形容词 + of sb + 动词不定式,这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词,如:kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。
某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如:
It’s very kind of you to help me with the work =You are kind to help me
It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others
=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others
7 It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式,如:
It is not a good habit to stay up too late
8 It + be + 名词或形容词+ 动名词,这类名词和形容词常常是:
good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等,如:
It’s a waste of time talking to her any more
It is no use arguing about the matter with him
9 It + take ( sb )+ 时间(金钱)+ 动词不定式,如:
It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam
It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot
先请看下面两道高考题:
1 (2006年山东)I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer
A that B it C this D you
2 (2006年全国卷I)If I can help _______, I don't like working late into the night
A so B that C it D them
这两道题的答案均为it,但是,这两个it并不是一回事。
「析」在例1中,it是形式宾语,它指代的是条件状语从句if you would like to teach me how to use the computer的内容。英语中,it的这种用法要受到谓语动词的限制,不能随便使用。
这种情况主要有以下三种:
1 谓语动词appreciate, dislike, hate, like, love等后接由if或when等引导的从句时,往往在从句前加形式宾语it例如:
①The boy likes it when he's praised before guests (那个孩子喜欢在客人面前受表扬的时刻。)
②I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone (有时非得用法语去打电话,我真感到讨厌。)
2 动词take(认为,理解),hide(隐瞒),publish(公布)等后接由that引导的宾语从句时,往往从句前加上形式宾语it例如:
I take it that you disagree with me (我的理解是,你和我的看法不同。)
3 动词短语answer for(担保),count on(期待),depend on, insist on, see to(确保)等后接that引导的宾语从句时,必须冠以形式宾语it例如:
①I am counting on it that you will come(我期待着你的到来。)
②Would you see to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim? (你负责保证孩子们在游泳之后吃到一顿热饭,好吗?)
「注」这种情况与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合结构并不相同,因为在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。我们熟悉这些说法:
③I thought it strange that she hadn‘t written (她没有写信,我感到很奇怪。)
④Our teacher made it a rule that we should get to school 10 minutes ahead of time (老师规定,我们提前10分钟到校。)
⑤She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone (她认为他当时不接电话是不对的。)
「析」文章开头第2题中的it含义和用法与第1题迥然不同。这里it用作代词,指代的是working late into the night这件事;if one can help it意为“如果可能,如果办得到”。本句的意思为“要是办得到,我也不愿意工作到深夜”。又如:
①I can't stand it (=this situation) any longer
我再也不能忍受这种情况了。
②What's it like going with you?
和你一起去会是什么样呢?
it做主语时和take搭配,it通常做形式主语,真正的主语在后面,构成固定句型:It takes sb some time to do sth(花费某人多长时间做什么);或者It takes sb sth to do sth(做什么需要某人什么)。
it和cost搭配时,it通常是第三人称人称代词主格,代替前面出现过的名词。
例如:
It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school every day
(it做形式主语,代替后面动词不定式)
她每天要花二十分钟的时间步行去上学。
It took him hours to cook a simple meal because he's such a perfectionist
(it做形式主语,代替后面动词不定式)
他要花几个小时才能做好了一顿便饭,因为他是一个追求尽善尽美的人。
It takes us an hour to finish the work(it做形式主语,代替后面动词不定式)
我们需要一个小时干完成这项工作。
The skirt is beautiful but it cost her 800 dollars (it指裙子) (cost是过去式)
裙子漂亮,但是花了她800元。
Look at the dress she wears It cost her ten thousand dollars((it指洋装))
看她身上穿的洋装,她花了一万元买这件洋装。
it's完全形式是it is。英语的完整形式是相对于缩写形式而言,但是缩写会带来困扰,因为缩写可能在不同行业代表不同的意思,所以写出完全形式可以避免误会。 扩展资料 一个英文缩写词可以用任何方法缩短,将通过一些字母部件绘制在一起。
1、指代性it一般是指人称代词it,it作人称代词时可指代事物、动物、婴儿、未知的人或一件事。2、指代性it一般是指人称代词it,it作人称代词时可指代事物、动物、婴儿、未知的人或一件事。3、it做先行词。4、it做形式宾语。5、引导强调句的it。 扩展资料 形式主语是动词不定式的一种,它也是逻辑主语, 可以把它归类到逻辑主语的第一种(不定式的逻辑主语) 用作宾语的不定式,用作目的状语,用作结果状语的不定式都是属于不定式的大概念里面的。
“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配,是英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年考试的热点,因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。现将it用法归纳如下:
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this, that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型:1 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为(1)It be adj (for sb) to do sth
(2)It be adj of sb to do sth
(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型:
It’s no good/use doing…
It’s (well)worth doing…
It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do
2 It替代作主语的从句常见句型
(1)It is + noun +从句
(2)It is adj +clause
It’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……
It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…
(3)It verb sb + clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb that…
(4)It verb (to sb) that…= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)
(5)It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know)
四、It 作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式宾语的常见句型:
1 verb+ it+ adj/noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)
五、强调句型
It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。
在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:
1 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句
2 在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句。
3 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。
4 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。
六、It 常用的固定搭配
1 make it
(1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 。
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