我有两个MySQL(MyIsAm)表,分别代表出租单位和预订:
> LettingUnits(ID,名称等)
> LettingUnitBookings(ID,F_LU_ID,开始,结束)
其中F_LU_ID是该单元的外键.
搜索特定时段内可用单位的最佳方法是什么?搜索通过开始,结束和持续时间.
>开始=最早开始预定
>结束=预订的最后结束
>持续时间=预订持续时间
我想知道是否有可能在MysqL中执行此 *** 作,但是如果不能,那么最好的方法是在PHP中执行此 *** 作.
例
在回答下面的答案时,我觉得一个例子将有助于解释问题.
一个LettingUnit:
>(123,“ Foo Cottage”)
一些LettingUnitBookings:
>(400,123,01/01/09,05/01/09)-5天预订
>(401,10/01/09,20/01/09)-10天预订
>(402,25/01/09,30/01/09)-5天预订
如果我们搜索:
>开始= 01/01/09
>结束= 01/02/2009
>持续时间= 5(天)
然后,我们要显示该单元.因为在搜索范围内可以预订5天.
如果持续时间为10,则该单元将不会显示,因为在搜索范围内没有连续10天的未预订天数.
最佳答案这是一个可行的解决方案:SELECT t.*,DATEDIFF(t.LatestAvailable,t.EarlIEstAvailable) AS LengthAvailableFROM (SELECT u.*,COALESCE(b1.End,@StartOfWindow) AS EarlIEstAvailable,COALESCE(b2.Start,@EndOfWindow) AS LatestAvailable FROM LettingUnits u left OUTER JOIN LettingUnitBookings b1 ON (u.ID = b1.F_LU_ID AND b1.End BETWEEN @StartOfWindow AND @EndOfWindow) left OUTER JOIN LettingUnitBookings b2 ON (u.ID = b2.F_LU_ID AND b2.Start BETWEEN @StartOfWindow AND @EndOfWindow AND b2.Start >= b1.End) -- edit: new term ) AS tleft OUTER JOIN LettingUnitBookings x ON (t.ID = x.F_LU_ID AND x.Start < t.LatestAvailable AND x.End > t.EarlIEstAvailable)WHERE x.ID IS NulL AND DATEDIFF(t.LatestAvailable,t.EarlIEstAvailable) >= @windowsize;
输出为:
+-----+-------------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+| ID | name | EarlIEstAvailable | LatestAvailable | LengthAvailable |+-----+-------------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+| 123 | Foo Cottage | 2009-01-05 | 2009-01-10 | 5 || 123 | Foo Cottage | 2009-01-20 | 2009-01-25 | 5 || 456 | bar Cottage | 2009-01-20 | 2009-01-31 | 11 |+-----+-------------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+
用EXPLAIN对此进行分析表明,它很好地利用了索引:
+----+-------------+------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-------------------------+| ID | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |+----+-------------+------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-------------------------+| 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 9 | Using where || 1 | PRIMARY | x | ref | F_LU_ID | F_LU_ID | 8 | t.ID | 2 | Using where; Not exists || 2 | DERIVED | u | system | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 1 | || 2 | DERIVED | b1 | ref | F_LU_ID | F_LU_ID | 8 | const | 0 | || 2 | DERIVED | b2 | ref | F_LU_ID | F_LU_ID | 8 | const | 0 | |+----+-------------+------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-------------------------+
与@martin clayton的given解决方案的EXPLAIN报告进行比较:
+----+--------------+---------------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+---------------------------------+| ID | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |+----+--------------+---------------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+---------------------------------+| 1 | PRIMARY | lu | system | PRIMARY,ID | NulL | NulL | NulL | 1 | || 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 4 | Using where || 2 | DERIVED | <derived3> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 4 | Using temporary; Using filesort || 2 | DERIVED | <derived5> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 4 | Using where; Using join buffer || 5 | DERIVED | LettingUnitBookings | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 3 | || 6 | UNION | LettingUnitBookings | index | NulL | F_LU_ID | 8 | NulL | 3 | Using index || NulL | UNION RESulT | <union5,6> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | || 3 | DERIVED | LettingUnitBookings | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | 3 | || 4 | UNION | LettingUnitBookings | index | NulL | F_LU_ID | 8 | NulL | 3 | Using index || NulL | UNION RESulT | <union3,4> | ALL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | NulL | |+----+--------------+---------------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+---------------------------------+
通常,您要避免强制使用文件排序或使用临时的优化计划,因为这些计划会降低性能.使用GROUP BY的查询几乎可以肯定会导致这种优化,至少在MysqL中如此. 总结
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