转载:http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2013/04/19/3028573.html
一、简介
Postgresql 提供了多个系统管理函数来查看表,索引,表空间及数据库的大小,下面详细介绍一下。
二、数据库对象尺寸函数
函数名 | 返回类型 | 描述 |
pg_column_size(any) | int | 存储一个指定的数值需要的字节数(可能压缩过) |
pg_database_size(oID) | bigint | 指定OID的数据库使用的磁盘空间 |
pg_database_size(name) | bigint | 指定名称的数据库使用的磁盘空间 |
pg_indexes_size(regclass) | bigint | 关联指定表OID或表名的表索引的使用总磁盘空间 |
pg_relation_size(relation regclass,fork text) | bigint | 指定OID或名的表或索引,通过指定fork('main', 'fsm' 或'vm')所使用的磁盘空间 |
pg_relation_size(relation regclass) | bigint | pg_relation_size(...,'main')的缩写 |
pg_size_pretty(bigint) | text | Converts a size in bytes expressed as a 64-bit integer into a human-readable format with size units |
pg_size_pretty(numeric) | text | 把以字节计算的数值转换成一个人类易读的尺寸单位 |
pg_table_size(regclass) | bigint | 指定表OID或表名的表使用的磁盘空间,除去索引(但是包含TOAST,自由空间映射和可视映射) |
pg_tablespace_size(oID) | bigint | 指定OID的表空间使用的磁盘空间 |
pg_tablespace_size(name) | bigint | 指定名称的表空间使用的磁盘空间 |
pg_total_relation_size(regclass) | bigint | 指定表OID或表名使用的总磁盘空间,包括所有索引和TOAST数据 |
三、实例讲解
3.1 查看存储一个指定的数值需要的字节数
davID=# select pg_column_size(1); pg_column_size ---------------- 4(1 row)davID=# select pg_column_size(10000); pg_column_size ---------------- 4(1 row)davID=# select pg_column_size('davID'); pg_column_size ---------------- 6(1 row)davID=# select pg_column_size('hello,world'); pg_column_size ---------------- 12(1 row)davID=# select pg_column_size('2013-04-18 15:17:21.622885+08'); pg_column_size ---------------- 30(1 row)davID=# select pg_column_size('中国'); pg_column_size ---------------- 7(1 row)davID=#
3.2 查看数据库大小
查看原始数据
davID=# \d test table "public.test" Column | Type | ModifIErs -----------+-----------------------+----------- ID | integer | name | character varying(20) | gender | boolean | join_date | date | dept | character(4) | Indexes: "IDx_join_date_test" btree (join_date) "IDx_test" btree (ID)davID=# select count(1) from test; count --------- 1835008(1 row)davID=#
查看davID 数据库大小
davID=# select pg_database_size('davID'); pg_database_size ------------------ 190534776(1 row)davID=#
查看所有数据库大小
davID=# select pg_database.datname,pg_database_size(pg_database.datname) AS size from pg_database; datname | size -----------+------------- template0 | 6513156 postgres | 6657144 jboss | 6521348 BUGs | 6521348 davID | 190534776 BMCV3 | 28147135608 mydb | 10990712 template1 | 6521348(8 rows)davID=#
这样查出来的结果,看上去太长了,不太容易读数。
3.3 以人性化的方式显示大小
davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('davID')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 182 MB(1 row)davID=#
3.4 查看单索引大小
davID=# select pg_relation_size('IDx_test'); pg_relation_size ------------------ 41238528(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size('IDx_test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 39 MB(1 row)davID=#
davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size('IDx_join_date_test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 39 MB(1 row)davID=#
3.5 查看指定表中所有索引大小
davID=# select pg_indexes_size('test'); pg_indexes_size ----------------- 82477056(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_indexes_size('test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 79 MB(1 row)davID=#
IDx_test 和IDx_join_date_test两个索引大小加起来差不多等于上面pg_indexes_size() 查询出来的索引大小。
3.6 查看指定schema 里所有的索引大小,按从大到小的顺序排列。
davID=# select * from pg_namespace; nspname | nspowner | nspacl --------------------+----------+------------------------------------- pg_toast | 10 | pg_temp_1 | 10 | pg_toast_temp_1 | 10 | pg_catalog | 10 | {postgres=UC/postgres,=U/postgres} information_schema | 10 | {postgres=UC/postgres,=U/postgres} public | 10 | {postgres=UC/postgres,=UC/postgres}(6 rows)davID=# select indexrelname,pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(relID)) from pg_stat_user_indexes where schemaname='public' order by pg_relation_size(relID) desc; indexrelname | pg_size_pretty -------------------------------+---------------- IDx_join_date_test | 91 MB IDx_test | 91 MB testtable_IDx | 1424 kB city_pkey | 256 kB city11 | 256 kB countrylanguage_pkey | 56 kB sale_pkey | 8192 bytes track_pkey | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201211_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201212_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201301_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201302_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201303_joindate | 8192 bytes customer_pkey | 8192 bytes album_pkey | 8192 bytes item_pkey | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201304_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201307_joindate | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201305_joindate | 0 bytes tbl_partition_201306_joindate | 0 bytes(20 rows)davID=#
3.7 查看指定表大小
davID=# select pg_relation_size('test'); pg_relation_size ------------------ 95748096(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size('test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 91 MB(1 row)davID=#
使用pg_table_size() 函数查看
davID=# select pg_table_size('test'); pg_table_size --------------- 95789056(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_table_size('test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 91 MB(1 row)davID=#
3.8 查看指定表的总大小
davID=# select pg_total_relation_size('test'); pg_total_relation_size ------------------------ 178266112(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('test')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 170 MB(1 row)davID=#
3.9 查看指定schema 里所有的表大小,按从大到小的顺序排列。
davID=# select relname,pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(relID)) from pg_stat_user_tables where schemaname='public' order by pg_relation_size(relID) desc; relname | pg_size_pretty -------------------------------+---------------- test | 91 MB testtable | 1424 kB city | 256 kB countrylanguage | 56 kB country | 40 kB testcount | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201302 | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201303 | 8192 bytes person | 8192 bytes customer | 8192 bytes american_state | 8192 bytes tbl_davID | 8192 bytes emp | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201212 | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201304 | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_error_join_date | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201211 | 8192 bytes album | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201307 | 8192 bytes tbl_xulIE | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201301 | 8192 bytes sale | 8192 bytes item | 8192 bytes track | 8192 bytes tbl_partition_201306 | 0 bytes tbl_partition | 0 bytes tbl_partition_201305 | 0 bytes person2 | 0 bytes(28 rows)davID=#
3.10 查看表空间大小
davID=# select spcname from pg_tablespace; spcname ------------ pg_default pg_global(2 rows)davID=# select pg_tablespace_size('pg_default'); pg_tablespace_size -------------------- 28381579760(1 row)davID=# select pg_size_pretty(pg_tablespace_size('pg_default')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 26 GB(1 row)davID=#
另一种查看方法:
davID=# select pg_tablespace_size('pg_default')/1024/1024 as "SIZE M"; SIZE M -------- 27066(1 row)davID=# select pg_tablespace_size('pg_default')/1024/1024/1024 as "SIZE G"; SIZE G -------- 26(1 row)davID=#总结
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