如何用VB建立数据库

1、首先点击打开主菜单栏中的“外接程序”选项。

2、然后在d出来的窗口中点击打开“可视化数据管理器”，出现下图中的界面。

3、然后单击文件中的新建，选择“microsot access”，“version 7.0”，d出保存界面，点击保存后出现如下界面。

4、然后右键单击properties，选择“新建表”，输入表名称，添加字段。

5、然后打开类型，选择字段类型的大小，回车确定。

6、然后点击“生成表”选项。

7、然后双击“1”或者右键单击选择打开。

8、然后输入值后工具栏会变化。

9、然后点击添加就完成了。

摘要

本文主要阐述了外科医疗信息管理系统的设计思路、实现过程和实现方法。最初，我们从系统面向的用户着手，了解不同用户的各种需求，从而分析得出系统应具备的功能，并依次设计系统的模块结构和功能联系。在分析用户需求时，我们同时分析了系统管理的对象——即系统要管理的数据，把这些数据按照功能分类形成表，完成了数据库的设计。后台程序中数据库的接口也是按数据表的结构来实现的。

根据教学信息管理的特点，系统采用浏览器/服务器（B/S）模式[1]，运用了基于C#语言的ASP.NET技术，以SQLSERVER 2005数据库作为后台数据库，使用Visual Studio 2005开发前台页面，实现了对外科医疗信息方便、快捷的管理，不仅提高了外科医疗信息管理的效率，而且为医院工作人员之间信息的交流提供了一个便捷的平台。

系统实现的功能模块主要有：系统管理员模块，医生管理模块，护士管理模块，科室秘书管理模块，手术中管理模块。系统把这些功能模块有机的组织起来，已经具备了较高的实用价值。

关键字：信息管理系统, ASP.NET, C#

ABSTRACT

Something about how to design a Surgical Medical Management Information System that will be used in a hospital is mainly discussed in this paper. Also, the process and technique for carrying out this system are described detailed. At first, we make a survey about the requirements of the client who is the user of this system and analyze the system to see what function should be included. Lastly we devise relations between different functions and work out modules of this project. Based on analysis of the object to the system, we classify these data according to their function and complete designing of the database. Interface of database in background program is done based on the structure of datasheet.

According to Surgical Medical Management Information System, we decide that mold of this project should be B/S mold and use ASP.NET that based on C# language. The database we selected is SQL Server 2005 and the web is developed by Visual Studio 2005 in foreground. So it is convenient and fast to run basis instruction information and the monitor can be implemented with great efficiency. A convenient flat for communication between Staffs in the hospital also be provided.

Primary functional molds in this project are for Administrators module, Doctor Management module, Nurses management module, Secretary of office management module and Operation management module. Because these modules are organized as an organic whole this system has high utility.

KEY WORDS: Information Management System, ASP.NET, C#

目录

第一章 引言. 1

第二章 系统需求分析. 2

2.1 业务系统描述... 2

2.1.1 业务流程分析... 2

2.1.2 业务流程图... 3

2.2 可行性分析... 4

2.3MIS系统的目标... 4

2.4 项目开发计划... 5

第三章 概要设计. 5

3.1 系统目的... 5

3.2 系统构成图... 6

3.3 子系统清单... 8

3.4 系统ER图... 8

3.5 人员职责... 9

3.5.1系统管理员职责... 9

3.5.2 医生职责... 10

3.5.3 护士职责... 10

3.5.4 科室秘书职责... 10

3.6数据库设计... 11

3.6.1 实体描述... 11

3.6.2 联系描述... 12

3.6.3 数据库实现... 13

3.6.4 计算机系统配置方案的选择和设计... 17

3.6.5 系统总体安全性、可靠性方案与措施... 18

3.6.6 系统安全性方案和措施... 18

3.6.7 可靠性方案与措施... 19

第四章 详细设计. 20

4.1代码设计... 20

4.2 人机界面设计... 20

4.3 输入设计... 20

4.4 输出设计... 22

4.5 模块处理过程... 24

第五章 实施概况. 25

5.1 实施环境和工具... 25

5.1.1 计算机系统实施... 25

5.2 实施环境与工具的比较选择... 25

5.2.1 实施环境... 25

5.2.2 几种工具的特点及比较... 25

5.2.3 编程环境与工具... 26

5.2.4 数据准备概况... 27

5.3 系统测试概况... 27

5.3.1 系统测试的基本原则... 27

5.3.2 系统测试的方法... 28

5.4 历史数据备份、数据恢复... 28

5.4.1历史数据备份... 29

5.4.2 数据恢复... 29

5.5系统运行及维护概况... 30

5.5.1 系统运行概况... 30

5.5.2 系统维护概况... 30

第六章 小结. 32

6.1 系统功能和特点... 32

6.2 软件开发过程的特点和体会... 32

6.3系统评价及改进... 33

参考文献. 34

致 谢. 35

英文资料原文. 36

英文翻译中文. 43

第一章 引言 随着社会的发展，人们对健康越来越关注，医院的业务不断增长，处理越来越复杂，简单的人工经营管理，已无法满足医院的需要, 成为医院发展的瓶颈， 人们对医疗服务的要求也越来越高。传统的手工记录管理模式,病人信息繁杂，服务效率严重下降, 人工 *** 作信息，流程容易漏、错信息，走错工作流程，人工记录效率低的问题无法避免，因此,如何提高服务水平、提高工作效率，成为迫待解决的问题。医院管理信息化不仅能提高医务人员的工作效率和医疗水平，而且能提高医院的服务质量和管理水平,因此，医院对管理信息系统有着强烈的需求。美国著名教授Morris.Collen于1988年曾著文为医院信息系统(HIS)下了如下定义：利用电子计算机和通讯设备，为医院所属各部门提供病人诊疗信息和行政管理信息的收集、存储、处理、提取和数据交换的能力，并满足所有授权用户的功能需求。开发医院外科管理信息系统(MIS)的目标就是立足医院应用实际，着眼院未来发展，以强化医院外科部门管理，提高医疗质量，方便医院员工管理病人手术信息，提高医院的服务效率和服务质量，设计一套符合功能规范要求，安全稳定， *** 作简便的医院外科管理信息系统，为医院外科部门的管理提供一套全方位的解决方案。

第二章 系统需求分析 管理信息系统是一门新兴的、集管理科学、信息科学、系统科学及计算机科学为一体的综合性学科，研究的是信息管理活动的全过程，以便有效的管理信息，提供各类管理决策信息，辅助企业进行现代化管理。管理信息系统它具备数据处理、计划、控制、预测和辅助决策功能，具体作用如下5点内容：

（1）用统一标准处理和提供信息，排除使用前后矛盾的不完整的数据。

（2）完整、及时提供在管理及决策中需要的数据。

（3）利用指定的数据关系分析数据，客观预测未来。

（4）向各级管理机构提供不同详细程度的报告，缩短分析和解释的时间。

（5）用最低的费用最短的时间提供尽可能精确、可靠的信息，以便使决策者选择最佳的实施方案，以提高企业的经济效益。

2.1 业务系统描述 医院的外科医疗水平和服务质量是衡量一个医院标准，仅靠增加基础设施投入和脱离信息化的管理方法的改进，是不能从根本上提高医院部门的工作效率、服务质量和管理水平的。MIS的目的就是减轻业务劳动强度，工作职责合理配置，减少了差错，科学管理外科流程，节省人力，提高医院的财、物管理水平，工作效率，增加经济效益，方便医院职工对病人信息的控制，提高医院外科部门的服务效率和服务质量，提高医院的外科部门医疗质量和管理水平。所以，一个现代化的适应社会发展需要的医院外科部门，除了具备一流的医疗队伍、一流的服务设施之外，还应具备一流的管理信息系统。

文章出处：

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开题报告：

题目列表：

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如果自己搞不定可以找诗檀软件专业ORACLE数据库修复团队成员帮您恢复!

诗檀软件专业数据库修复团队

Oracle的损坏/坏块 主要分以下几种：

ORA-1578

ORA-8103

ORA-1410

ORA-1499

ORA-1578

ORA-81##

ORA-14##

ORA-26040

ORA-600 Errors

Block Corruption

Index Corruption

Row Corruption

UNDO Corruption

Control File

Consistent Read

Dictionary

File/RDBA/BL

Error DescriptionCorruption related to:

ORA-1578ORA-1578一般为Oracle检测到存在物理坏块问题，包括其检测数据块中的checksum不正确，或者tail_chk信息不正确等。ORA-1578 is reported when a block is thought to be corrupt on read.

Block

数据块

OERR: ORA-1578 “ORACLE data block corrupted (file # %s, block # %s)” Master Note

OERR: ORA-1578 “ORACLE data block corrupted (file # %s, block # %s)”

Fractured Block explanation

Handling Oracle Block Corruptions in Oracle7/8/8i/9i/10g/11g

Diagnosing and Resolving 1578 reported on a Local Index of a Partitioned table

ORA-1410

ORA-1410错误常见于从INDEX或其他途径获得的ROWID,到数据表中查询发现没有对应的记录。

该错误可能因为数据表与其索引存在不一致，也可能是分区的数据表本身存在问题。

This error is raised when an operation refers to a ROWID in a table for which there is no such row.

The reference to a ROWID may be implicit from a WHERE CURRENT OF clause or directly from a WHERE ROWID=… clause.

ORA 1410 indicates the ROWID is for a BLOCK that is not part of this table.

Row

数据行

Understanding The ORA-1410

Summary Of Bugs Containing ORA 1410

OERR: ORA 1410 “invalid ROWID”

ORA-8103

该ORA-8103可能由多个BUG引起，例如LOB在10.2.0.4之前可能会由于BUG覆盖了另一张表的segment header，导致出现ORA-8103错误。

诊断该问题可以从数据表的segment header和data_object_id入手。

The object has been deleted by another user since the operation began.

If the error is reproducible, following may be the reasons:-

a.) The header block has an invalid block type.

b.) The data_object_id (seg/obj) stored in the block is different than the data_object_id stored in the segment header. See dba_objects.data_object_id and compare it to the decimal value stored in the block (field seg/obj).

Block

数据块

ORA-8103 Troubleshooting, Diagnostic and Solution

OERR: ORA-8103 “object no longer exists” / Troubleshooting, Diagnostic and Solution

ORA-8102ORA-8102常见于索引键值与表上存的值不一致。An ORA-08102 indicates that there is a mismatch between the key(s) stored in the index and the values stored in the table. What typically happens is the index is built and at some future time, some type of corruption occurs, either in the table or index, to cause the mismatch.

Index

索引

OERR ORA-8102 “index key not found, obj# %s, file %s, block %s (%s)

ORA-1499对表和索引做交叉验证时发现问题An error occurred when validating an index or a table using the ANALYZE command.

One or more entries does not point to the appropriate cross-reference.

Index

索引

ORA-1499. Table/Index row count mismatch

OERR: ORA-1499 table/Index Cross Reference Failure – see trace file

ORA-1498 Generally this is a result of an ANALYZE … VALIDATE … command.

This error generally manifests itself when there is inconsistency in the data/Index block. Some of the block check errors that may be found:-

a.) Row locked by a non-existent transaction

b.) The amount of space used is not equal to block size

c.) Transaction header lock count mismatch.

While support are processing the tracefile it may be worth the re-running the ANALYZE after restarting the database to help show if the corruption is consistent or if it ‘moves’.

Send the tracefile to support for analysis.

If the ANALYZE was against an index you should check the whole object. Eg: Find the tablename and execute:

ANALYZE TABLE xxx VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE Block

OERR: ORA 1498 “block check failure – see trace file”

ORA-26040由于采用过nologging/unrecoverable选项的redo生成机制，且做过对应的recover，导致数据块中被填满了0XFF，导致报错ORA-26040。Trying to access data in block that was loaded without redo generation using the NOLOGGING/UNRECOVERABLE option.

This Error raises always together with ORA-1578

Block

数据块

OERR ORA-26040 Data block was loaded using the NOLOGGING option

ORA-1578 / ORA-26040 Corrupt blocks by NOLOGGING – Error explanation and solution

ORA-1578 ORA-26040 in a LOB segment – Script to solve the errors

ORA-1578 ORA-26040 in 11g for DIRECT PATH with NOARCHIVELOG even if LOGGING is enabled

ORA-1578 ORA-26040 On Awr Table

Errors ORA-01578, ORA-26040 On Standby Database

Workflow Tables ORA-01578 ORACLE data block corrupted ORA-26040 Data block was loaded using the NOLOGGING option

ORA-1578, ORA-26040 Data block was loaded using the NOLOGGING option

ORA-600[12700]

从索引获得的ROWID，对应到数据表时发现不存在数据行错误。

一把是一致性度consistent read问题

Oracle is trying to access a row using its ROWID, which has been obtained from an index.

A mismatch was found between the index rowid and the data block it is pointing to. The rowid points to a non-existent row in the data block. The corruption can be in data and/or index blocks.

ORA-600 [12700] can also be reported due to a consistent read (CR) problem.

Consistent Read

一致性读

Resolving an ORA-600 [12700] error in Oracle 8 and above.

ORA-600 [12700] “Index entry Points to Missing ROWID”

ORA-600[3020]主要问题是redo和数据块中的信息不一致This is called a ‘STUCK RECOVERY’.

There is an inconsistency between the information stored in the redo and the information stored in a database block being recovered.Redo

ORA-600 [3020] “Stuck Recovery”

Information Required for Root Cause Analysis of ORA-600 [3020] (stuck recovery)

ORA-600[4194]主要是redo记录与回滚rollback/undo的记录不一致A mismatch has been detected between Redo records and rollback (Undo) records.

We are validating the Undo record number relating to the change being applied against the maximum undo record number recorded in the undo block.

This error is reported when the validation fails.Undo

ORA-600 [4194] “Undo Record Number Mismatch While Adding Undo Record”

Basic Steps to be Followed While Solving ORA-00600 [4194]/[4193] Errors Without Using Unsupported parameter

ORA-600[4193]主要是redo记录与回滚rollback/undo的记录不一致A mismatch has been detected between Redo records and Rollback (Undo) records.

We are validating the Undo block sequence number in the undo block against the Redo block sequence number relating to the change being applied.

This error is reported when this validation fails.Undo

ORA-600 [4193] “seq# mismatch while adding undo record”

Basic Steps to be Followed While Solving ORA-00600 [4194]/[4193] Errors Without Using Unsupported parameter

Ora-600 [4193] When Opening Or Shutting Down A Database

ORA-600 [4193] When Trying To Open The Database

ORA-600[4137]transaction id不匹配，问题可能存在与回滚段中或者对象本身存在讹误While backing out an undo record (i.e. at the time of rollback) we found a transaction id mis-match indicating either a corruption in the rollback segment or corruption in an object which the rollback segment is trying to apply undo records on.

This would indicate a corrupted rollback segment.Undo/Redo

ORA-600 [4137] “XID in Undo and Redo Does Not Match”

ORA-600[6101] Not enough free space was found when inserting a row into an index leaf block during the application of undo.Index

ORA-600 [6101] “insert into leaf block (undo)”

ORA-600[2103] Oracle is attempting to read or update a generic entry in the control file.

If the entry number is invalid, ORA-600 [2130] is logged.Control File

ORA-600 [2130] “Attempt to access non-existant controlfile entry”

ORA-600[4512] Oracle is checking the status of transaction locks within a block.

If the lock number is greater than the number of lock entries, ORA-600 [4512] is reported followed by a stack trace, process state and block dump.

This error possibly indicates a block corruption.Block

ORA-600 [4512] “Lock count mismatch”

ORA-600[2662]主要是发现一个数据块的SCN甚至超过了当前SCN，常规解决途径有调整SCN等，但11.2以后Oracle公司使较多调整SCN的方法失效了A data block SCN is ahead of the current SCN.

The ORA-600 [2662] occurs when an SCN is compared to the dependent SCN stored in a UGA variable.

If the SCN is less than the dependent SCN then we signal the ORA-600 [2662] internal error.Block

ORA-600 [2662] “Block SCN is ahead of Current SCN”

ORA 600 [2662] DURING STARTUP

ORA-600[4097]访问一个回滚段头以便确认事务是否已提交时，发现XID有问题We are accessing a rollback segment header to see if a transaction has been committed.

However, the xid given is in the future of the transaction table.

This could be due to a rollback segment corruption issue OR you might be hitting the following known problem.Undo

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