你可以，手工SHUTDOWN 每个实例
然后CRS_STOP -ALL，关闭其他服务。
启动的时候可以通过CRS_START -ALL启动
两个节点，第一个节点能正常启动，但第二个节点报错。无论是在集群还是在实例，都无法启动数据库实例。
[grid@m2 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d mdb -i mdb2
PRCR-1013 : 无法启动资源 ora.mdb.db
PRCR-1064 : 无法在节点 m2 上启动资源 ora.mdb.db
ORA-00203: ??????????
ORA-00202: ????: ''+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.268.821031437''
CRS-2674: 未能启动 'ora.mdb.db' (在 'm2' 上)
[grid@m2 ~]$ pwd
/home/grid
[grid@m2 ~]$ ll
总计 4
drwxrwxr-x 3 grid oinstall 4096 07-15 15:35 oradiag_grid
[grid@m2 ~]$ pwd
/home/grid
[grid@m2 ~]$ srvctl status asm -n m1
ASM 正在 m1 上运行
[grid@m2 ~]$ srvctl status asm -n m2
ASM 正在 m2 上运行
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
使用相同的pfile启动。
SQL>startup pfile='/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initmdb1.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 469764620 bytes
Database Buffers 1124073472 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
ORA-00203: using the wrong control files
ORA-00202: control file: '+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.268.821031437'
NODE M2:
SQL>show parameter control
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer
7
control_files string
+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.
268.821031437, +RECOVERY/mdb/c
ontrolfile/current.269.8210314
39
control_management_pack_access string
DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
SQL>
NODE M1:
SQL>show parameter control
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer
7
control_files string
+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.
268.821031437, +RECOVERY/mdb/c
ontrolfile/current.269.8210314
39
control_management_pack_access string
DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
SQL>
怀疑是虚拟机中的磁盘设置问题，修改虚拟机文件
把 scsi0:1.type="disk"
修改为：
scsi0:1.shared="TRUE"
其它两项不变
scsi0:1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
scsi0:1.SharedBus="Virtual"
所有共享磁盘修改后为：
scsi0:1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
scsi0:1.sharedBus = "VIRTUAL"
scsi0:1.shared="TRUE"
disk.locking="FALSE"
========================================================
修改后，再启动实例，还是无法启动，报控制文件出错：
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 520096268 bytes
Database Buffers 1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
ORA-00214: control file '+RECOVERY/mdb/controlfile/current.269.821031439'
version 1199 inconsistent with file
'+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.283.821115539' version 522
SQL>show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/mdb/spfilemdb.ora
SQL>select instance_name from v$instance
INSTANCE_NAME
------------------------------------------------
mdb1
SQL>show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/mdb/spfilemdb.ora
SQL>select instance_name from v$instance
INSTANCE_NAME
------------------------------------------------
mdb1
SQL>create pfile from spfile
File created.
SQL>shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>exit
[oracle@m1 dbs]$ vi initmdb1.ora
[oracle@m1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 18 15:24:51 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>startup pfile='/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initmdb1.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 520096268 bytes
Database Buffers 1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
[oracle@m1 dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 18 15:29:09 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN>startup nomount
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size 1336820 bytes
Variable Size520096268 bytes
Database Buffers1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
RMAN>restore controlfile to '+DATA' from '+RECOVERY/mdb/controlfile/current.269.821031439'
Starting restore at 2013-07-18 15:30:28
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=143 instance=mdb1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy
Finished restore at 2013-07-18 15:30:36
RMAN>restore controlfile to '+DATA' from '+RECOVERY/mdb/controlfile/current.269.821031439'
Starting restore at 2013-07-18 15:38:57
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy
Finished restore at 2013-07-18 15:39:05
RMAN>exit
恢复控制文件的同时，可以在其它窗口看到增加的控制文件名称：
ASMCMD>ls
Current.256.820944177
Current.268.821031437
current.282.821115029
ASMCMD>ls
Current.256.820944177
Current.268.821031437
current.282.821115029
current.283.821115539
ASMCMD>
后面两个文件是这次恢复的。
修改pfile,添加进去：
*.control_files='+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.282.821115029','+DATA/mdb/controlfile/current.283.821115539','+RECOVERY/mdb/controlfile/current.269.821031439'
再次使用pfile启动数据库后，建立spfile 文件。
SQL>startup pfile='/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initmdb1.ora'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 520096268 bytes
Database Buffers 1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
create spfile='+DATA/mdb/spfilemdb.ora' from pfile='/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initmdb1.ora'
修改pfile文件指定到新生成的共享磁盘中的spfile
[oracle@m1 dbs]$ cat initmdb1.ora
SPFILE='+DATA/mdb/spfilemdb.ora'
[oracle@m1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 18 15:53:56 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 520096268 bytes
Database Buffers 1073741824 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
完成后，再另一个节点启动数据库实例：
[oracle@m2 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 18 15:58:55 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1607008256 bytes
Fixed Size1336820 bytes
Variable Size 469764620 bytes
Database Buffers 1124073472 bytes
Redo Buffers 11833344 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>create table tst_tbs(id number(10),prod_name varchar2(50))
Table created.
SQL>insert into tst_tbs values(1,'test name')
1 row created.
SQL>commit
Commit complete.
在另一个实例中可以看到刚才插入的数据。
SQL>select id,prod_name from tst_tbs
ID
----------
PROD_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
test name
SQL>select instance_name from v$instance
INSTANCE_NAME
------------------------------------------------
mdb1
SQL>
在RAC中，看到数据库没启动起来，再次使用RAC的命令启动一下数据库，完成。
[grid@m1 ~]$ crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
停机维护前，数据都expdp/impdp备用机1 先停RAC数据库，然后关数据库服务器，最后关存储
2 先开存储，在开数据库服务器，开启数据库
一：关rac
1. Ensure that you are logged in as the oracle Linux/ UNIX user.
su - oracle
$ emctl status dbconsole
2. Stop/ shut (stop) down all applications using the Oracle database.
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=mxloan (export ORACLE_UNQNAME=GlobalUniqueName (database SID and not instance SID))
$ emctl stop dbconsole
3. Shut down (stop) all Oracle RAC instances on all nodes.
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop database -d mxloan (-d 数据库名 this command is stoping all the instances)
4. Shut down (stop) all Oracle ASM instances on all nodes. (If you are not using the ASM you must skip this step.)
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop asm -n mxloan1 (-n 节点名)
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop asm -n mxloan2
5. Stop (shut down) the Oracle cluster stack
su - root
cd $CRS_HOME/bin
# ./crsctl stop crs (must be run on each node)
./srvctl stop nodeapps -n node_name -->in 11.2 stops only ONS and eONS because of some dependencies.
开机：
1
su - root
2
su - root
cd $CRS_HOME/bin
# ./crsctl start crs (must be run on each node)
3
su - oracle
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start asm -n mxloan1
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start asm -n mxloan2
4
$ srvctl start database -d mxloan (srvctl from ORACLE_HOME) (this command is starting all the instances)
5
$ emctl start dbconsole
-------------------------------------------------
其他启停版本
总结
停止RAC： 先停库(实例)，然后ASM ，最后apps
emctl stop dbconsole
srvctl stop instance -d rac -i rac1
srvctl stop instance -d rac -i rac2
srvctl stop asm -n rac1
srvctl stop asm -n rac2
srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac1
srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac2
启动RAC：
和上面的步骤正好相反即
srvctl start nodeapps -n rac1
srvctl start nodeapps -n rac2
srvctl start asm -n rac1
srvctl start asm -n rac2
srvctl start instance -d rac -i rac2
srvctl start instance -d rac -i rac1
emctl start dbconsole
milipp启停版本(10g)
$crs_stat stop/start z 启停资源
$./crs_stop -all --停止集群所有资源 或单个资源
$./crs_start -all --开启集群所有资源 或单个资源
本节点关闭crs服务 需要root用户身份
#/app/oracle/product/10.0.2.1/crs/bin/crsctl stop crs
#/etc/init.d/init.crs stop/start 启停资源
============================================
重启后服务
服务端
service tgtd start
service iscsid start
service iscsi start
tgtadm --lld iscsi --op bind --mode target --tid 1 -I ALL
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.253 -l
客户端
service iscsi start
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.253 -l
stu253 &stu15 :
fdisk -l
partprobe
start_udev
ll /dev/raw/
raw -qa
服务端重启ntp服务:
service ntpd status
重启 iscsi 和多路径服务
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