保护雨林有什么好处

保护雨林有什么好处,第1张

热带雨林的好处和重要性: (1)调节气候功能: 热带雨林会吸收二氧化碳、产生氧气,地球上氧气总量的40%,都是经由亚马逊河区的热带雨林产生。热带雨林虽仅占地球表面的一小部份,然而它对我们呼吸的空气和世界上的气候影响极大。植物和树木在制造食物的时候会吸取二氧化碳并释放氧气,而人类和其他动植物都靠这些氧气进行呼吸。因此,热带雨林在维持大气中氧及二氧化碳的平衡上,扮演极重要的角色。 而今日人类大量使石化燃料、大量伐木,造成大气中的二氧化碳浓度提高,使得太阳辐射热传入地球表面后,不易再反射出去,累积的热量已经使全球平均气温上升,造成严重的「温室效应」。 (2)调节区域性雨量: 雨林又好像一块巨大的海绵,下雨的时候﹐树木吸收了大部份的水份,通过根把水份吸收传到叶面,让水份以水蒸气的形式释放到空气中。之后,水蒸气形成了云﹐云又形成雨,雨为干旱的地方带来生机。假如雨林被砍伐的话﹐云不会形成﹐降雨也减少,那么很多地方就会出现旱灾和农作物失收的情况。 (3)生物基因库: 热带雨林虽然占全球不及7%土地面积,因为是高温多湿的气候,全球至少有一半以上的生物物种在这里生长,可以说热带雨林是地球上最丰富、最古老、最有生产力、也是最复杂的生态系统,许多生物也可以拿来当做「基因资源」用,这是农作物的品种改良以及医学开发上所不可或缺的来源。 (4)食物来源: 热带雨林与我们的日常生活息息相关。它们是重要的食物来源。我们常吃的香蕉和菠萝都是雨林常见的植物,而咖啡豆和香草都源自热带雨林的植物。 (5)医学研究功能: 热带雨林对医学研究极为重要。全球有四分之一药品原料,是来自热带雨林中的植物;而被医学界确定对治疗癌症有效的一些植物,有70%是生长在雨林中。科学家发现热带雨林中的一些植物有治病功能,其中包括治疗疟疾﹑某些癌症和心脏病的药。 (6)其他资源 热带雨林还提供了许多资源。许多蜡﹑酒﹑调味品﹑染料和甜味剂都源自热带雨林。雨林内的植物纤维可用来制作救生衣﹑草帽和许多橡胶制品。科学家认为一些雨林内的植物能产生一些可以用做汽车和家庭取暖的燃料的物质,因此,热带雨林可能成为提供燃料的重要资源。 (7)孕育文化功能 由于热带林地区本身就具有丰富的多样性,所以生存在这儿的人类和森林,也就随之发展出各种变化,并依地区、民族的不同,而分别孕育出特殊的森林文化。 所以保护雨林是重要。

参考: ihouseedcity/~hm1203/biosphere/trf

雨林是雨量甚多的生物区系。它有「绿色地狱」之称。雨林依位置的不同分热带雨林和温带雨林。雨林大多数靠近赤道,在赤道经过的非洲、亚洲和南美洲,都有大片的雨林。湿润的气候保证了树和植物的快速生产。同时,树和植物也为雨林中的成千上万种生物提供了食物和庇护所。 雨林曾经覆盖了14%地球土地表面,但现在只剩下6-8%土地表面,即整体表面的2%。虽然雨林只覆盖地球的6%的土地,但却有一半以上的动物和植物的品种在雨林中出现。 雨林有时被称为「地球肺部」和「世界最大药厂」,因为大量自然药物或药物的原材料都在那儿找到。全球所用的药物中,几乎一半来自雨林。科学家相信更多疾病的解药将来可以在雨林中找到。 雨林地区往往有大河流过,如南美洲的亚马逊河。许多雨林在一年中有几个月会暴发洪水。 __________________________________ 热带雨林,顾名思义是指在热带地区的森林,这些地区长年气候炎热,雨水充足,季相极不明显,生物群落演替速度极快。 目录[隐藏] 1 特征 11 生物特征 111 结构 12 土壤特征 13 气候特征 2 分布 3 参考 [编辑] 特征 [编辑] 生物特征 乔木多板状根,多气生根植物或藤本植物等绞杀植物,系统分层明显,乔木高大,植物品种丰富;因为天气长期温热,雨量高,所以植物能持续生长,造成树木生长密集且长绿。 [编辑] 结构 层 高度 主要植物 其他 露生层 30-50米以上 乔木 单独生长,较为分散,有板根支撑,须面对蒸腾作用 树冠层 30-20米 树冠横向生长,形成连续的一层,吸收了雨林中7成阳光和8成雨水 幼树层/低树冠层 20-10米 年幼树木 树干较幼,树冠呈椭圆形;依靠林中少量的阳光生长 矮树层/灌木层 10-5米 蕨、丛木、灌木 地面层/树林底层 5-0米 小植物如苔藓和地衣 几乎黑暗一片;不连续和茂盛;只在河边和林地的边缘,才会较茂盛 [编辑] 土壤特征 极富铝化,呈酸性土壤,颜色呈红黄,泥层深度亦比其他森林为厚。 [编辑] 气候特征 主要气候类型(周淑贞气候分类法)为赤道多雨气候和热带海洋性气候。 因为位于赤道附近,热带雨林受着猛烈的日照,无四季变化,降水年内分配较均匀,气温日较差和年较差均较小。气候炎热,降雨量高,经常于中午下对流雨。 [编辑] 分布 在南、北回归线之间大片的陆地中,有近1/3面积覆盖着原始森林。由于地处热带,称之为赤道热带雨林。根据分布的地方不同,又有亚热带雨林之分。 热带雨林都在南北纬235度间,主要位于南北纬10度。全球近三分之一的热带雨林在巴西境内,而刚果和印度尼西亚各占约一成。 世界最大的热带雨林是亚马逊热带雨林。 中国的热带雨林主要分布在海南岛南部和云南的西双版纳地区。 地质史上的暖期,热带雨林除两极附近地区外所有的陆地基本都有分布。 [编辑] 参考 热带雨林 Eye on Rainforest,绿色力量 热带季雨林 _____________________________________ 温带雨林是地球上中纬度的高雨量地区的针叶树或阔叶树森林。它们大多数位于海洋性湿润气候区,例如北美洲西北部(自加州西北部至阿拉斯加东南部)、欧洲西北部(英国、爱尔兰、挪威)、智利南部、澳洲东南部(塔斯曼尼亚省、维多利亚省)、纽西兰南岛西岸,也有一些位于亚热带湿润气候区,例如黑海东岸地区、纽西兰北岛、南非、日本和台湾。 [编辑] 温带雨林和其它温带森林的不同 雨量﹕高雨量(年降雨量至少为2000至3000毫米,视乎纬度),通常由海洋吹来的潮湿的风带来雨水。 接近海洋﹕跟大陆性气候地区比较,温带雨林有较暖的冬季和较凉的夏季,很多温带雨林在夏天会有雾气,令它们在最热的月份仍保持清凉和潮湿。 海岸山脉﹕海岸山脉向着海洋的一边有较多雨水,因此温带雨林常在那些地区形成。 [编辑] 温带雨林区 太平洋温带雨林(北美洲西北部) 它是地球上最大的温带雨林,位于北美洲西岸沿海山区,从加州伸展至阿拉斯加。那里的温带雨林可再分为数个生态区,它们俱以针叶林为主。世上最高的树位于加州北部。 Valdivian and Magellanic温带雨林(智利、阿根廷) 自智利南部的太平洋海岸起,至南美洲南端。 南非的Knysna-Amatole山区/沿海雨林 纽西兰温带雨林 澳大利亚温带雨林 Colchian雨林(格鲁吉亚、土耳其) 位于黑海东南端。 太平洋常绿雨林(日本) 台湾山区针叶雨林 西北欧洲温带雨林 位于苏格兰、爱尔兰、挪威、冰岛。 取自"zh /w/indextitle=%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6%E9%9B%A8%E6%9E%97&variant=zh-"

Rainforests are characterized by high rainfall

with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall beeen 2

000 mm (about 78 inches or 2 meters) and 1700 mm (about 67 inches) The soil can be poor because high rainfall tends to leach out soluble nutrients Rain forests are home to o-thirds of all the living animal and plant species on the pla It has been estimated that many hundreds of millions of new species of plants

insects

and microani s are still undiscovered and as yet unnamed by science Tropical rain forests are called the "jewel of the earth"

and the "world's largest pharmacy" because of the large amount of natural medicines discovered there Tropical rain forests are also often called the "Earth's lungs"

however there is no scientific basis for such a claim as tropical rainforests are known to be essentially oxygen neutral

with little or no oxygen production

[1] Despite the growth of flora in a rainforest

the actual quality of the soil is usually quite poor Oxisols

infertile

and deeply weathered

have developed on the ancient Gondwanan shields Rapid bacterial decay prevents the accumulation of humus The concentration of iron and aluminium oxides by the laterization process gives the oxisols a bright red color and sometimes produces minable deposits (eg bauxite) On younger substrates

especially of volcanic origin

tropical soils may be quite fertile The undergrowth in a rainforest is restricted in many areas by the lack of sunlight at ground level This makes it possible for people and other animals to walk through the forest If the leaf canopy is destroyed or thinned for any reason

the ground beneath is soon colonised by a dense tangled growth of vines

shrubs and all trees called jungle There are several mon characteristics of tropical rainforest trees Tropical rainforest species frequently possess one or more of the following attributes not monly seen in trees of higher latitudes or trees in drier condirions on the same latitude Many tree species have broad

woody flanges (buttresses) at the base of the trunk Originally believed to help support the tree

now it is believed that the buttresses channel stem flow and its dissolved nutrients to the roots Large leaves are mon among trees and shrubs of the undertory and forest floor layers Young individuals of trees destined for the canopy and emergent layers may also have large leaves When they reach the canopy new leaves will be aller The large leaf surface helps intercept light in the sun-dappled lower strata of the forest and are made possible because the lower layers are largely protected from winds which damage large leaves in the canopy Canopy leaves are usually aller than found in understory plants or are divided to reduce wind damage The leaves of rainforest understorey trees also often have drip tips which facilitate drainage of precipitation off the leaf to promote trpiration and inhibit the growth of microbes and bryphytes which would damage or other the leaf Trees are often well connected in the canopy layer especially by the growth of woody climbers known as lianas or by plants with epiphytic adaptations

allowing them to grow on top of existing trees in the petition for sunlight Other characteristics that are more frequent in tropical rainforest tree species than in temperate forests or drier tropical regions include: Exceptionally thin bark

often only 1-2 mm thick It is usually very ooth

although sometimes covered with spines or thorns Cauliflory

the development of flowers (and hence fruits) directly from the trunk

rather than at the tips of branches Large fleshy fruits attract birds

mammals

and even fish as dispersal agents

参考: en /wiki/Tropical_and_subtropical_moist_broadleaf_forests

1 hope the sea be in smooth water, often have strong winds and storms Hope rivers flowing, but often a vortex and jet, hope and happiness in your life, but often there is sorrow and grief The 2 angel wings broken, fall to the world, into our sorrow; the integrity of the capsule left, scattered into the world, Satan has become a magic wand 3 under the failures and setbacks, I learned perseverance; when subjected to the misunderstanding and grievance, I learned tolerance; after the loss and departure, I know the value of 4 is not worried too much, but we don't understand life; not happiness too little, we just don't understand grasp 5 money can buy expensive watch, but can't buy valuable time; money can buy delicious food, but can not buy a good appetite 6 is a cluster of chrysanthemum, also want to smell; is an autumn leaf, also want to decorate the earth; is a Cooper, also want to hold up the sky; is a ancient well, also want to water from The 7 book is medicine, Liu said: " the book is also still drugs, good reading may cure foolishness "; the book is friend, Zang Kejia said: " read a book, like a friend "; the book is a window, Golgi said: " every book, all in front of me open the door the window " The 8 belief in people, and wings are to a bird, faith is the wings to fly 9 love is a shining in the winter sunshine, it makes the person suffering from both poverty and sickness is felt the warmth of the world; love is a clear spring water in the desert, it is so desperate to see the hope of life 10 success is the red rose, you dream of, frustration is that throughout the surrounding acupuncture Happiness is your hard work to obtain fruit, sad is that mature before the blighted grain 11 the sky clouds accept every one, regardless of beauty and ugliness, so broad boundless sky The earth embrace every inch of land, regardless of their wealth, so the vast Marine accept each river, regardless of their size, so the ocean vast 12 when Jane love said: " we are equal, I am not a heartless machine ", I understand that as a woman 's self-esteem; when Petfi said: " if it is for freedom, they can throw ", I know as a human value; when Lu Xun said: " don't break out in silence, just death " in the silence, I know one should have the spirit of rebellion; when browning said: "take away love, the world will become a tomb ", I understand the dedication of love for others is important 13 buildings stand as firm as a rock, because there is a strong pillar, pillar of ideal and belief is the life of the building; the ship ploughed through the waves, because of that indicates the direction of the compass, ideal and belief is the life the ship's compass; train run thousands of miles, because there is a guide rail, ideal and belief is the life on the train tracks 14 what is happiness Happiness is the orchard fruit looked at the pressure over the branches of the fruit with pleasure, happiness is the classroom students look forward to the future of a touching smile, happiness is the laboratory scientists have found new stretch eyebrows, happiness is the podium player looking at the flag rising jade-like stone jade-like stone of tears Happiness is the crystallization of hard struggle, the monument 15 without bumpy muddy difficult, how can know the value of sunshine Avenue; not through a snowstorm is raging Night, how can experience the lovely weather; not experienced setbacks and tribulations of test, can realize the joy of victory and success Tomorrow, want to say hate you is not easy 16 happiness, always around you If you are from the mother took the bowl, be warm, that is happiness; if you read a letter from a friend, in the light taste of friendship, that is happiness; if you are sitting in a corner, quietly listening to music, he thought, that is happiness Some people say, happiness is a star hotel Lishanzhen seafood the toast each other; some people say, happiness is the high-grade stage hall melody in the rise and dance in a happy mood; some people say, happiness is the end Audi, BMW car in the street swagger through the streets flow reviews; others say, happiness is to stay in the room a few hundred dollars bills stacked; however, I have to say: with these, is not necessarily true happiness! 17 away birds, the eternal care is therefore forest; drifting boat, always thinking is harbor; rush travelers, whether it is a night or away from their homes by the heart, always miss, have all kinds of connections with the place, or home 18 life is like a mountain, it's not level, but is beautiful; life is like a rain, important is not its size, but in time 19 to be put into a cup of the new spring, you have to throw away the old water; to obtain a rose, you must give up the hand of rose; to take a more unique experience, you will have more of a psychological trauma 20 the wind from the water through, leaving the corrugated; the sun through the clouds, leaving its temperature 好了 应该就是这吧

杂草学》知识概要

绪论

杂草:在人工生境自然繁衍其种族的植物

杂草的三性:适应性(前提和先决条件)、持续性(核心地位)、危害性(必然结果)考点

杂草的有益性:

1 杂草的生态环境意义:保持水土,光合作用,富集、清除金属离子

2 可利用价值:药用,作物育种材料,食用价值,畜牧业利用价值

3 科学价值:物种起源和进化的好材料,开发新型植物源农药,生理代谢的抑制剂

杂草的危害性:

1 降低农产品的产量和品质。如:毒和毒麦

2 防除成本巨额

3 给人类生产活动带来不便

4 是许多病虫害的中间寄主和宿主

5 改变人文景观,破坏自然保护区原生植被

6 威胁人畜安全

杂草的生物学和生态学特性

Ⅰ杂草的生物学特性:指植物物种本身的形态、分布、生长繁殖、栖息等方面的特征。强调:人工干扰环境

主要内容:重点以及考点

1杂草形态结构的多样性

①个体大小的变化 ②根茎叶形态结构 ③组织结构

2杂草生活史的多样性

生活史:物种一生中所经历的生长、发育、繁殖等全部过程。

①一年生杂草 ②二年生杂草 ③多年生杂草(简单和匍匐)

3杂草营养方式的多样性

①光合营养 ②寄生性(全寄生和半寄生)

寄生性杂草:种子发芽后,经历一段时期的生长,必须依赖于寄主的存在和寄主提供足够有效的养分才能完成生活史全过程的杂草。

4杂草的适应性

①抗逆性强 ②可塑性大 ③生长势强 ④杂合性 ⑤拟态性

5杂草的繁衍滋生的复杂性和强势性

①惊人的结实性 ②种子寿命长 ③种子的成熟度和萌发时期参差不齐需补充

④繁殖方式多样(有性和无性) ⑤子实具有广泛传播的附属结构

Ⅱ杂草个体及种群生态学

杂草生态学:研究杂草与其环境之间的学科非重点

种群:生活在同一地点的同种生物的个体

群落:生活在一定自然区域内,相互之间具有直接或间接关系的各种生物之和

ⅰ种子休眠

休眠:有活力的子实及地下营养繁殖器官暂时处于停止萌发或生长状态。(大部分种类的杂草种子和营养器官都具有)

内因:重点

①种子或腋芽或不定芽中含有生长抑制剂

②果皮和种皮不透水或不透气或机械强度很高

③胚未发育成熟

原生休眠:由于杂草本身所固有的生理学特性所决定的休眠考点

外因:

①极端温度 ②干旱涝渍 ③高CO2比例 ④黑暗 ⑤除草剂

诱导休眠:由于外部不良环境因素诱导,使得已经解除原生休眠可以萌发的子实重新进入休眠。也称诱导休眠或强迫休眠考点

意义:杂草子实休眠受环境因素制约,是保证杂草种群延续的重要条件

联系:有待补充

ⅱ种子萌发

种子的胚由休眠转变为生理生化活跃、胚胎体积增大并突出子实长出幼苗的过程。分为子叶出土和子叶留土

⒈萌发所需的环境条件

1 充足的氧气(适合的CO2和O2的比例)

2 适宜的温度

3 适宜的水分:种子14%,田间持水量 40%—100%

4 光或黑暗条件

5 生长调节物质的比例

6 埋藏深度、土壤类型、pH

ⅲ杂草发生

1杂草发生的时间

①杂草种类 ②埋藏深度 ③温度 ④土壤墒情

2杂草发生深度

①种子的大小 ②幼苗类型 ③土壤墒情 ④土壤紧实度

ⅳ杂草的生长与发育

1生长发育阶段

①按叶片数:三叶期

②生物节律:出苗期、分枝期、拔节期、开花期、种子形成期、成熟期、枯黄期

Ⅲ杂草群落生态

ⅰ杂草种子库重要概念

存在于土壤表层及土壤中具有活力的杂草种子或营养繁殖体的总称

1主要内容:

①物种组成 ②分布格局 ③萌发机制 ④消长动态

2输入与输出必考点

输入:①成熟杂草结实(主要) ②外来传播

输出:①萌发 ②传播 ③动物觅食 ④死亡

ⅱ杂草的干扰作用

1干扰种类

种间干扰:不同植物之间的干扰

种内干扰:同种植物之间的干扰

2干扰方式

①竞争作用:植物间通过争夺环境中有限的资源(水分、养分、光、CO2、O2等)相互干扰对方生长发育的现象

⑴地上竞争:光(地上空间占有力、株高、叶面积、叶片的着生方式)

⑵地下竞争:水分与营养(根系的长度、密度、分布、吸水吸肥)

⑶存在相互作用

重要概念必考点

A.杂草竞争临界期:

杂草生长存留对作物产量的损失和无草状态下作物产量增加量相等时的天数,称为杂草竞争的临界期(作物对杂草竞争敏感的时期)

B杂草的危害经济阈值

指除草后作物增收效益与防除成本费用相等时的草害情况

②化感作用:指一株植株向环境中释放某些化学物质,影响周围其他植株生理生化代谢过程及生长过程的现象。

具有化感作用的化合物称为化感化合物

同种植物不同个体之间的化感抑制作用称为自毒作用

⒈进入环境的途径

⑴淋溶 ⑵挥发 ⑶残体分解 ⑷根分泌

⒉影响其产生的因素

⑴强烈的光照 ⑵极端温度 ⑶昆虫和病菌的侵染 ⑷机械损伤 ⑸干旱和营养缺乏

⑹竞争/化学信号

⒊应用

⑴利用具有化感化合物的植物作为地表覆盖物

⑵在作物行间种植其它化感化合物

⑶直接种植对杂草具有化感作用的化合物

⑷利用化感化合物作为模板,合成新的除草剂

Ⅳ杂草群落生态学

杂草群落:特定环境条件下重复出现的杂草种群组合

顶级杂草群落:杂草群落的组合处于一种可以适应某种农业措施总和的动态稳定状态。这是杂草群落演替的结果

金橘-------------- kumquat

米仔兰(米兰)----------milan tree

变叶木------------- croton

一品红------------- poinsettia

扶桑-------------- Chinese hibiscus

吊灯花-------------fringed hibiscus

马拉巴栗(发财树)------- Guiana chestnut

山茶--------------camellia

云南山茶------------Yunnan camellia

金花茶-------------golden camellia

瑞香--------------daphne

结香--------------paper bush

倒挂金钟------------fuchsia

八角金盘------------Japan fatsia

常春藤-------------ivy

鹅掌柴-------------umbrella tree

杜鹃花-------------rhododendron

茉莉花-------------jasmine

桂花--------------sweet osmanthus

夹竹桃-------------sweet-scented oleander

黄花夹竹桃-----------lucky-nut-thevetia

鸡蛋花-------------frangipani

龙吐珠-------------bleeding-heart glorybower

夜香树(木本夜来香)------night jasmine

鸳鸯茉莉------------broadleaf raintree

栀子花-------------cape jasmine

蝴蝶兰-------------moth orchid

卡特兰-------------cattleya

石斛--------------dendrobium

兜兰--------------lady slipper

兰花--------------orchid

春兰--------------goering cymbidium

仙客来-------------florists cyclamen

大岩桐------------ florists gloxinia,common gloxinia

虎眼万年青-----------whiplash star of bethlehem

文殊兰-------------crinum

蜘蛛兰-------------spider lily

朱顶红-------------barbadoslily,amaryllis

葱兰--------------zephyr lily

香雪兰(小苍兰)--------common freesia

番红花-------------crocus

苏铁(铁树)----------sago cycas

南洋杉-------------hoop pine

罗汉松-------------yew podocarpus

橡皮树-------------India rubber fig

榕树--------------smallfruit fig

叶子花(三角梅)--------bougainvillea

南天竹-------------heavenly bamboo

白兰花-------------white michelia

含笑--------------banana shrub

虎耳草-------------creeping rockfoil

八仙花(绣球花)--------hydrangeas

梅花--------------mei flower

海桐--------------pittosporum

广东万年青-----------china green

龟背竹-------------monstera ceriman

苞叶芋-------------snow flower

花叶万年青-----------spotted dieffenbachia

紫背万年青-----------oyster plant

紫鸭跖草------------purple heart

吊竹梅-------------inch plant

万年青-------------lily of China

蜘蛛抱蛋(一叶兰)-------aspidistra

文竹--------------asparagus fern

凤尾蕨-------------table fern

肾蕨--------------sword fern

铁线蕨-------------Venus's-hair-fern

鸟巢蕨-------------bird's-nest fern

波士顿蕨------------Boston fern

鹿角蕨-------------staghorn fern

虎尾兰-------------snake plant

龙舌兰-------------agave

酒瓶兰-------------elephant-foot tree

六出花-------------alstroemeria,peruvian lily

地涌金莲------------hairy fruit musella

鹤望兰(天堂鸟)--------queen's bird-of-paradise flower

艳山姜-------------shell flower

孔雀肖竹芋-----------peacock plant

花叶竹芋------------bicolor arrowroot

冷水花-------------clear weed

锥花丝石竹(满天星)------baby's-breath

王莲--------------royal water lily

荷花--------------lotus

睡莲--------------water lily

猪笼草-------------picher plant

瓶子草-------------picher plant

茅膏菜-------------sundew

燕子掌-------------baby jade

石莲花-------------Mexican snowball

长寿花-------------winter pot kalanchoe

红花酢浆草-----------oxalis,shamrock,sorrel

旱金莲-------------garden nasturtium

四季秋海棠-----------florists flowering begonia

金琥--------------golden ball

草球--------------sea-wrchin cactus

昙花--------------queen of the night

令箭荷花------------orchid cactus

绯牡丹-------------oriental moon

量天尺(三棱箭)--------night-blooming cereus

蟹爪兰-------------crab cactus

长春花-------------periwinkle

非洲紫罗兰-----------Africa violet

金苞花-------------golden pachystachys

网纹草-------------silvernet plant

伞莎草-------------umbrella plant

花烛--------------flamingo plant,anthurium

海芋--------------giant alocasia

鸭跖草-------------common dayflower

芦荟--------------Chinese aloe

吊兰--------------broadleaf bracket-plant

萱草--------------common orange daylily

风信子-------------common hyacinth

葡萄风信子-----------common grape hyacinth

郁金香-------------tulip

石蒜------------- shorttube lycoris,red spider lily

水仙--------------Chinese narcissus

晚香玉-------------tuberose

射干--------------blackberrylily

唐菖蒲(剑兰)---------gladiolus,sword lily

鸢尾--------------iris

雏菊--------------daisy

大丽花-------------dahlia

一串红-------------scarlet sage

三色堇-------------pansy

君子兰-------------scarlet kafirlily

美人蕉-------------common garden canna,Indian shot

紫茉莉(地雷花)--------common four o'clock

石竹--------------Chinese pink

香石竹(康乃馨)--------carnation

耧斗菜-------------columbine

铁线莲-------------clematis

芍药--------------herbaceous peony,Chinese peony

牡丹--------------peony

白头翁-------------pulsatilla,windflower

花毛茛-------------persian buttercup,crowfoot

虞美人-------------corn poppy

荷包牡丹------------bleeding heart

紫罗兰-------------violet

天竺葵-------------pelargonium

珠兰--------------chloranthus

球根秋海棠-----------tuberous begonia

报春花-------------primrose

勿忘草-------------forget-me-not

补血草(勿忘我)---------sea lavender,statice

留兰香-------------spearmint

矮牵牛-------------petunia

薄荷--------------mint

鼠尾草-------------sage

迷迭香-------------rosemary

桔梗--------------balloonflower

非洲菊(扶郎花)--------transvaal daisy, gerbera

紫鹅绒-------------java velvetplant

百日草-------------youth-and-old-age,common zinnia

马蹄莲-------------calla lily

香豌豆-------------sweet-pea

彩叶草-------------common graden coleus

贝壳花-------------molucca balm

蒲包花-------------slipper wort

瓜叶菊-------------florists cineraria

豆瓣绿-------------peperomia

镜面草-------------roundleaf pilea

六月雪-------------snow of June

佛肚竹-------------buddha bamboo

鱼尾葵-------------fishtail palm

蒲葵--------------Chinese fan-palm

棕榈--------------palm

棕竹--------------lady palm

酒瓶椰子------------bottle palm

袖珍椰子------------parlor palm

朱蕉--------------tree of kings

龙血树-------------dracaena

万寿菊-------------marigold

翠菊--------------China aster

四季报春------------top primrose

半支莲(松叶牡丹)-------ross-moss,sun plant

凤仙花-------------garden balsam

波斯菊-------------common cosmos

金鱼草-------------common snapdragon

鸡冠花-------------cockscomb

金盏菊-------------pot marigold

美女樱-------------verbena

大花牵牛------------morning glory

茑萝--------------morning glory

福禄考-------------blue phlox

羽衣甘蓝------------ornamental cabbage

蜀葵--------------hollyhock

雁来红-------------josephs-coat

五色椒-------------cherry redpepper

桂竹香-------------common wallflower

香雪球-------------sweet alyssum

菊花--------------florists chrysanthemus

秋海棠-------------begonia,elephant ear

百合--------------lily

花贝母-------------crown imperial

嘉兰--------------lovely gloriosa

球根鸢尾------------bulbous iris

雪花莲(雪钟花)--------snowdrop

韭莲--------------rainflower

蛇鞭菊-------------gayfeather,blazing star

欧洲银莲花-----------poppy anemone,windflower

姜花------------- garland flower,white ginger lily

紫藤--------------Chinese wisteria

樱花------------- oriental cherry,flowering cherry

葛藤--------------kudzu

蛇莓--------------mock strawberry

海棠--------------Chinese flowering crab apple

迎春花-------------winter jasmine,forsythia

紫薇--------------crape myrtle

玉兰--------------magnolia

榆叶梅-------------flowering plum

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