求 C++读写取XML 文件方法！网上复制的让开

下面是我写的生成XML文件的例子，主要是用递归来完成嵌套的XML生成。

生成的格式为：

<Datas>

<Data>

<year>

</year>

<paper>

<name> </name>

<number></number>

<weight></weight>

<paper>

</paper>

.....

</paper>

</Data>

...

</Datas>

#include <fstream>

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include <ctime>

#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std

const int MAX_YEAR = 6

const int MAX_NODENAME = 8

const int MAX_DEPTH = 1

const int MAX_ITEM = 15

const int MAX_TAGS = 50

enum NodeName

{

DATAS,

DATA,

YEAR,

PAPERS,

NUMBER,

WEIGHT,

TAG,

NAME

}

string NodeBegin[MAX_NODENAME] = {"<Datas>", "<Data>", "<year>", "<paper>", "<number>", "<weight>", "<tag>", "<name>"}

string NodeEnd[MAX_NODENAME] = {"</Datas>", "</Data>", "</year>", "</paper>", "<咐族碰/number>", "</weight>", "</tag>"衡谈, "</name>"}

string Years[MAX_YEAR] = {"2000","2001","2002","2003","2004","2005"}

//_T的穗孙意思是通知编译器，自行进行字符串的多字节/Unicode转换。

//而L表示，该字符串为Unicode版本。

ofstream outfile(L"首页.xml")

int Random(int i)

{

return (rand()%i+1)

}

void Recursive(int level, string parentName, string year)

{

if (level == 1)

{

for (int i = 0i <MAX_ITEMi++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[PAPERS]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<parentName<<"-"<<i<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NUMBER]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[NUMBER]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl

outfile<<NodeEnd[PAPERS]<<endl

}

for (int j =0j <MAX_TAGSj++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[TAG]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<year<<":"<<parentName<<"-"<<j<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl

outfile<<NodeEnd[TAG]<<endl

}

}

else

{

for (int i = 0i <MAX_ITEMi++)

{

char a[10]

string str

itoa(i, a, 10)

str = a

string curName = parentName+"-"+str

outfile<<NodeBegin[PAPERS]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<curName<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NUMBER]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[NUMBER]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl

Recursive(level-1, curName, year)

outfile<<NodeEnd[PAPERS]<<endl

}

for (int j =0j <MAX_TAGSj++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[TAG]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<"Tag"<<year<<":"<<parentName<<"-"<<j<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl

outfile<<NodeEnd[TAG]<<endl

}

}

}

void GenerateXML()

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[DATAS]<<endl

for (int i = 0i <MAX_YEARi++ )

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[DATA]<<endl

outfile<<NodeBegin[YEAR]<<Years[i]<<NodeEnd[YEAR]<<endl

Recursive(MAX_DEPTH, "学科主题",Years[i])

outfile<<NodeEnd[DATA]<<endl

}

outfile<<NodeEnd[DATAS]<<endl

}

void main()

{

locale::global(locale(""))

srand(time(NULL))

if (!outfile)

{

cout<<"can't open output file"<<endl

}

GenerateXML()

cout<<"Generate End."<<endl

}

ML在Win32程序方面应该没有在Web方面应用悔枣得多，很多Win32程序也只是用XML来存存配置信息而已，而且没有足够的好处的话还不如用ini。VC++里 *** 作XML有两个库可以用：MSXML和XmlLite。MSXML又细分了两种接口：DOM和SAX2。XP没自带有XmlLite，只自带有2.x、3.x版的MSXML，不支持SAX2（需要MSXML 4.0以上），所以优先使用DOM。

DOM是以COM形式提供的，VC++里调用DOM可以分3种方法：

1、MFC里用CComPtr调用

2、SDK里直接调用DOM接口

3、SDK里用智能指针调用

这3种方法本质上是一样的，区别只不过在于需要编码的多少而已，用CComPtr可以极大的简化代码，下面是几个例子。

例子stocks.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<root>

<node1>text1</node1>

<node2>

<childnode1 attrib1="value1" attrib2="value2"/>

<childnode2 attrib1="value1" attrib2="value2">childtext1</childnode2>

</node2>

</root>

这个例子应该包含了XML最常见的特征了吧？

MFC

MFC里可以直接使用DOM，不需要手动添加额外的头文件，只需要在CWinApp::InitInstance()里调用CoInitialize(NULL)初始化COM，在CWinApp::ExitInstance里调用CoUninitialize()释放COM就行了。

//读取XML

CComPtr<IXMLDOMDocument>spDoc//DOM

spDoc.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument)

VARIANT_BOOL vb

spDoc->load(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocks.xml")), &vb)//加载XML文件

CComPtr<IXMLDOMElement>spRootEle

spDoc->get_documentElement(&spRootEle)//根节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList>spNodeList

spRootEle->get_childNodes(&spNodeList)//子节点列表

long nLen

spNodeList->get_length(&nLen)//子节点数

for (long i = 0i != nLen++i) //遍历子节点

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spNode

spNodeList->get_item(i, &spNode)

ProcessNode(spNode)//节点处理函春运数

}

//写入XML

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spNode

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node1"), &spNode)

spNode->put_text(OLESTR("newText"))//写入text

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1"), &spNode)

spNode->put_nodeValue(CComVariant(OLESTR("newValue")))//写入value

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spNewNode

spDoc->createNode(CComVariant(NODE_ELEMENT), OLESTR("childnode3"), OLESTR(""), &spNewNode)//创建新节点

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2"), &spNode)

spNode->appendChild(spNewNode, &spNewNode)//将新节点加为node2的子节点

spNewNode->put_text(OLESTR("childtext2"))//写入新节点text

CComQIPtr<IXMLDOMElement>spEle = spNewNode//扒前梁注意这里使用CComQIPtr

spEle->setAttribute(OLESTR("attrib1"), CComVariant(OLESTR("value1")))//给新节点添加属性

spDoc->save(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocks.xml")))

//节点处理函数

void ProcessNode(CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>&spNode)

{

CComBSTR bsNodeName

spNode->get_nodeName(&bsNodeName)//节点名

AfxMessageBox(COLE2CT(bsNodeName))

CComVariant varVal

spNode->get_nodeValue(&varVal)//节点值

AfxMessageBox(COLE2CT(varVal.bstrVal))

DOMNodeType eNodeType

spNode->get_nodeType(&eNodeType)

if (eNodeType == NODE_ELEMENT) //只有NODE_ELEMENT类型才能包含有属性和子节点

{

//递归遍历节点属性

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNamedNodeMap>spNameNodeMap

spNode->get_attributes(&spNameNodeMap)

long nLength

spNameNodeMap->get_length(&nLength)

for (long i = 0i != nLength++i)

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spNodeAttrib//注意属性也是一个IXMLDOMNode

spNameNodeMap->get_item(i, &spNodeAttrib)

ProcessNode(spNodeAttrib)

}

//递归遍历子节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList>spNodeList

spNode->get_childNodes(&spNodeList)

spNodeList->get_length(&nLength)

for (long i = 0i != nLength++i)

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spChildNode

spNodeList->get_item(i, &spChildNode)

ProcessNode(spChildNode)

}

}

}

对于<tag>text</tag>这样的节点，get_nodeValue会得到空，要得到"text"的话可以遍历子节点（只有一个子节点，它的nodeName为"#text"，nodeType为NODE_TEXT，nodeValue就是"text"）；也可以用get_text直接得到"text"，但是对于这样的节点<tag>text<childtag>childtext</childtag></tag>，get_text会同时得到"text"和"childtext"，不过这样的节点应该是不允许的。

DOM里使用的字符串(BSTR)都是OLESTR类型，默认情况下OLESTR是Unicode字符，MFC里可以用COLE2CT把LPCOLESTR转换为LPCTSTR。

对于自己定义的XML，大多数时候不需要遍历，可以通过调用selectNodes、selectSingleNode指定XPath直接读取某个节点或属性：

CComPtr<IXMLDOMDocument>spDoc//DOM

spDoc.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument)

VARIANT_BOOL vb

spDoc->load(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocks.xml")), &vb)//加载XML文件

CComPtr<IXMLDOMElement>spRootEle

spDoc->get_documentElement(&spRootEle)//根节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList>spNodeList

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>spNode

spRootEle->selectNodes(OLESTR("/root/node2/*"), &spNodeList)//得到node2下的所有子节点

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1"), &spNode)//得到childnode1的attrib1属性

XPath的语法可以参考XML文档或MSDN。

SDK

SDK中也可以使用智能指针，和MFC没太大区别，同样很方便，直接给代码：

#include <iostream>

#include <tchar.h>

#import <msxml3.dll>

//节点处理函数

void ProcessNode(MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodePtr spNode)

{

std::cout <<"nodeName: " <<spNode->nodeName

if (spNode->nodeType == NODE_ATTRIBUTE || spNode->nodeType == NODE_TEXT)

std::cout <<"\tnodeValue: " <<_bstr_t(spNode->nodeValue)

std::cout <<std::endl

if (spNode->nodeType == NODE_ELEMENT)

{

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr spNameNodeMap = spNode->attributes

for (long i = 0i != spNameNodeMap->length++i) //遍历节点属性

ProcessNode(spNameNodeMap->item)

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodeListPtr spNodeList = spNode->childNodes

for (long i = 0i != spNodeList->length++i) //遍历子节点

ProcessNode(spNodeList->item)

}

}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])

{

CoInitialize(NULL)

//读取XML

MSXML2::IXMLDOMDocumentPtr spXMLDoc

spXMLDoc.CreateInstance(__uuidof(MSXML2::DOMDocument30))

spXMLDoc->load(L"stocks.xml")

MSXML2::IXMLDOMElementPtr spRoot = spXMLDoc->documentElement//根节点

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodeListPtr spNodeList = spRoot->childNodes

for (long i = 0i != spNodeList->length++i) //遍历子节点

ProcessNode(spNodeList->item)

//写入XML

spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node1")->text = L"newText"

spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1")->nodeValue = L"newValue"

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodePtr spNewNode = spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node2")->appendChild(

spXMLDoc->createNode(_variant_t(NODE_ELEMENT), L"childnode3", L"")

)//给node2创建新子节点childnode3

spNewNode->text = L"childtext2"

MSXML2::IXMLDOMElementPtr spEle = spNewNode

spEle->setAttribute(L"attrib1", _variant_t(L"value1"))//添加新属性

spXMLDoc->save(_variant_t(L"stocks.xml"))

spNewNode.Release()

spEle.Release()

spNodeList.Release()

spRoot.Release()

spXMLDoc.Release()

CoUninitialize()

system("pause")

return 0

}

首先你雹裂要把xerces-c-src_2_7_0中的xercesc目录拷到哗型VC的Include目源芦闭录下，VC6的路径是X:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98\Include

然后代码这样改一下：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <xercesc\dom\DOM.hpp>

class DOMNode

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

DOMNode * current

return 0

}

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