Android学习使用基本界面组件（下拉框，单选框，复选框，数字转轮，滚动条）

概述（一）建立单选框按钮RadioGroup和RadioButton建立单选框按钮字符串资源文件：<resources><stringname="app_name">婚姻建议程序</string><stringname="sex">性别：</string><stringname="age">年龄：</string>

（一）建立单选框按钮

RadioGroup和Radiobutton建立单选框按钮

字符串资源文件：

<resources>    <string name="app_name">婚姻建议程序</string>    <string name="sex">性别：</string>    <string name="age">年龄：</string>    <string name="btn_ok">确定</string>    <string name="result">建议：</string>    <string name="edt_age_hint">（输入年龄）</string>    <string name="sug_not_hurry">还不急</string>    <string name="sug_get_marrIEd">赶快结婚！</string>    <string name="sug_find_couple">开始找对象。</string>    <string name="male">男生</string>    <string name="female">女生</string>    <string name="male_age_range1">小于28岁</string>    <string name="male_age_range2">28~33岁</string>    <string name="male_age_range3">大于33岁</string>    <string name="female_age_range1">小于25岁</string>    <string name="female_age_range2">25~30岁</string>    <string name="female_age_range3">大于30岁</string></resources>

界面布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="utf-8"?><linearLayout xmlns:androID="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res/androID"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.androID.com/tools"    androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"    androID:layout_height="match_parent"    androID:orIEntation="vertical"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/sex"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/sex"        androID:textSize="25sp" />    <RadioGroup        androID:ID="@+ID/radGrpSex"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:orIEntation="vertical"        androID:checkedbutton="@+ID/radBtnMale">        <Radiobutton            androID:ID="@+ID/radBtnMale"            androID:textSize="20sp"            androID:text="@string/male" />        <Radiobutton            androID:ID="@+ID/radBtnFemale"            androID:textSize="20sp"            androID:text="@string/female" />    </RadioGroup>    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/age"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/age"        androID:textSize="25sp" />    <RadioGroup        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:ID="@+ID/radGrpAge"        androID:orIEntation="vertical"        androID:checkedbutton="@+ID/radBtnAgeRange1">        <Radiobutton            androID:ID="@+ID/radBtnAgeRange1"            androID:textSize="20sp"            androID:text="@string/male_age_range1"/>        <Radiobutton            androID:ID="@+ID/radBtnAgeRange2"            androID:textSize="20sp"            androID:text="@string/male_age_range2"/>        <Radiobutton            androID:ID="@+ID/radBtnAgeRange3"            androID:textSize="20sp"            androID:text="@string/male_age_range3"/>    </RadioGroup>    <button        androID:ID="@+ID/btnOk"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"        androID:background="#4CAF50"        androID:text="@string/btn_ok" />    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/txtR"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/result"        androID:textSize="25sp" /></linearLayout>

程序文件

package com.example.newapp;import androIDx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androID.os.Bundle;import androID.vIEw.VIEw;import androID.Widget.AdapterVIEw;import androID.Widget.button;import androID.Widget.EditText;import androID.Widget.Radiobutton;import androID.Widget.RadioGroup;import androID.Widget.Spinner;import androID.Widget.TextVIEw;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private button mBtnOk;    private TextVIEw mTxtR;    private RadioGroup mRadGrpSex,mRadGrpAge;    private Radiobutton mRadBtnAgeRange1,mRadBtnAgeRange2,mRadBtnAgeRange3;    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_main);        mBtnOk=(button)findVIEwByID(R.ID.btnOk);        mTxtR=(TextVIEw)findVIEwByID(R.ID.txtR);        mBtnOk.setonClickListener(btnOkOnClick);        mRadGrpAge=(RadioGroup)findVIEwByID(R.ID.radGrpAge);        mRadGrpSex=(RadioGroup)findVIEwByID(R.ID.radGrpSex);        mRadBtnAgeRange1=(Radiobutton)findVIEwByID(R.ID.radBtnAgeRange1);        mRadBtnAgeRange2=(Radiobutton)findVIEwByID(R.ID.radBtnAgeRange2);        mRadBtnAgeRange3=(Radiobutton)findVIEwByID(R.ID.radBtnAgeRange3);        mRadGrpSex.setonCheckedchangelistener(radGrpSexOnCheckedChange);    }    private VIEw.OnClickListener btnOkOnClick =new VIEw.OnClickListener(){        @OverrIDe        public voID onClick(VIEw v) {            String strSug=getString(R.string.result);            switch (mRadGrpAge.getCheckedRadiobuttonID()){                case R.ID.radBtnAgeRange1:                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_not_hurry);                    break;                case R.ID.radBtnAgeRange2:                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_find_couple);                    break;                case R.ID.radBtnAgeRange3:                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_get_marrIEd);                    break;            }            mTxtR.setText(strSug);        }    };    private RadioGroup.OnCheckedchangelistener radGrpSexOnCheckedChange = new RadioGroup.OnCheckedchangelistener() {        @OverrIDe        public voID onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedID) {            if(checkedID==R.ID.radBtnMale){                mRadBtnAgeRange1.setText(getString(R.string.male_age_range1));                mRadBtnAgeRange2.setText(getString(R.string.male_age_range2));                mRadBtnAgeRange3.setText(getString(R.string.male_age_range3));            }else{                mRadBtnAgeRange1.setText(getString(R.string.female_age_range1));                mRadBtnAgeRange2.setText(getString(R.string.female_age_range2));                mRadBtnAgeRange3.setText(getString(R.string.female_age_range3));            }        }    };}

程序截图：

　　

 

 

 （二）下拉框Spinner和数字转轮NumberPicker的使用

Spinner组件来控制实现选择性别

数字转轮来实现年龄的选择

字符串资源文件：

<resources>    <string name="app_name">婚姻建议程序</string>    <string name="sex">性别：</string>    <string name="age">年龄：</string>    <string name="btn_ok">确定</string>    <string name="result">建议：</string>    <string name="edt_age_hint">（输入年龄）</string>    <string name="sug_not_hurry">还不急</string>    <string name="sug_get_marrIEd">赶快结婚！</string>    <string name="sug_find_couple">开始找对象。</string>    <string name="sex_male">男</string>    <string-array name="sex_List">        <item>男</item>        <item>女</item>    </string-array>    <string name="spn_sex_List_prompt">请选择性别</string></resources>

界面布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="utf-8"?><linearLayout xmlns:androID="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res/androID"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.androID.com/tools"    androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"    androID:layout_height="match_parent"    androID:orIEntation="vertical"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/sex"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/sex"        androID:textSize="25sp" />    <Spinner        androID:ID="@+ID/spnSex"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:entrIEs="@array/sex_List"        androID:spinnerMode="dialog"        androID:prompt="@string/spn_sex_List_prompt" />    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/age"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/age"        androID:textSize="25sp" />    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/txtAge"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:textSize="25sp" />    <NumberPicker        androID:ID="@+ID/numPickerAge"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />    <button        androID:ID="@+ID/btnOk"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"        androID:background="#4CAF50"        androID:text="@string/btn_ok" />    <TextVIEw        androID:ID="@+ID/txtR"        androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:text="@string/result"        androID:textSize="25sp" /></linearLayout>

主程序文件：

package com.example.newapp;import androIDx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androID.os.Bundle;import androID.vIEw.VIEw;import androID.Widget.AdapterVIEw;import androID.Widget.button;import androID.Widget.EditText;import androID.Widget.NumberPicker;import androID.Widget.Radiobutton;import androID.Widget.RadioGroup;import androID.Widget.Spinner;import androID.Widget.TextVIEw;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private NumberPicker mNumPickerAge;    private button mBtnOk;    private TextVIEw mTxtR,mTxtAge;    private Spinner mSpnSex;    private String msSex;    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_main);        mTxtAge=(TextVIEw)findVIEwByID(R.ID.txtAge);        mTxtAge.setText("25");        mNumPickerAge=(NumberPicker)findVIEwByID(R.ID.numPickerAge);        mNumPickerAge.setMinValue(0);        mNumPickerAge.setMaxValue(200);        mNumPickerAge.setValue(25);        mNumPickerAge.setonValueChangedListener(numPickerAgeOnValueChange);        mBtnOk=(button)findVIEwByID(R.ID.btnOk);        mTxtR=(TextVIEw)findVIEwByID(R.ID.txtR);        mBtnOk.setonClickListener(btnOkOnClick);        mSpnSex=(Spinner)findVIEwByID(R.ID.spnSex);        mSpnSex.setonItemSelectedListener(spnSexOnItemSelected);    }    private VIEw.OnClickListener btnOkOnClick =new VIEw.OnClickListener(){        @OverrIDe        public voID onClick(VIEw v) {            int iAge=mNumPickerAge.getValue();            String strSug=getString(R.string.result);            if(msSex.equals(getString(R.string.sex_male)))            {                if(iAge<28)                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_not_hurry);                else if(iAge>33)                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_get_marrIEd);                else                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_find_couple);            }            else            {                if(iAge<25)                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_not_hurry);                else if(iAge>30)                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_get_marrIEd);                else                    strSug+=getString(R.string.sug_find_couple);            }            mTxtR.setText(strSug);        }    };    private AdapterVIEw.OnItemSelectedListener spnSexOnItemSelected=new AdapterVIEw.OnItemSelectedListener() {        @OverrIDe        public voID onItemSelected(AdapterVIEw<?> parent, VIEw vIEw, int position, long ID) {            msSex=parent.getSelectedItem().toString();        }        @OverrIDe        public voID onnothingSelected(AdapterVIEw<?> parent) {        }    };    private NumberPicker.OnValuechangelistener numPickerAgeOnValueChange=new NumberPicker.OnValuechangelistener() {        @OverrIDe        public voID onValueChange(NumberPicker picker, int oldVal, int newVal) {            mTxtAge.setText(String.valueOf(newVal));        }    };}

程序截图：

　　

　　

 

 

 （三）复选框和滚动条（CheckBox与ScrollVIEw）

 在进行多项选择时，由于项目过多我们可能会使用到滚动条，因此本次的实验目的是：实现用滚动条来上下滚动对项目的选择

同时使用上复选框

字符串资源文件：

 

<resources>    <string name="app_name">兴趣选择程序</string>    <string name="music">音乐</string>    <string name="sing">唱歌</string>    <string name="dance">跳舞</string>    <string name="travel">旅行</string>    <string name="reading">阅读</string>    <string name="writing">写作</string>    <string name="climbing">爬山</string>    <string name="swim">游泳</string>    <string name="exercise">运动</string>    <string name="fitness">健身</string>    <string name="photo">摄影</string>    <string name="eating">美食</string>    <string name="painting">绘画</string>    <string name="your_hobby">您的兴趣：</string>    <string name="btn_ok">确定</string></resources>

 

界面布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="utf-8"?><ScrollVIEw xmlns:androID="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res/androID"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.androID.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.androID.com/tools"    androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"    androID:layout_height="wrap_content">    <linearLayout        androID:ID="@+ID/linearLayout1"        androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"        androID:layout_height="wrap_content"        androID:orIEntation="vertical"        tools:context=".MainActivity">        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxMusic"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/music" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxSing"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/sing" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxDancing"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/dance" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxTravel"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/travel" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxReading"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/reading" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxWriting"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/writing" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxclimbing"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/climbing" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxSwim"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/swim" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxExercise"            androID:layout_wIDth="match_parent"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:text="@string/exercise"            androID:textSize="30sp" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxfitness"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/fitness" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxPhoto"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/photo" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxEating"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/eating" />        <CheckBox            androID:ID="@+ID/chkBoxPainting"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:textSize="30sp"            androID:text="@string/painting" />        <button            androID:ID="@+ID/btnOk"            androID:layout_wIDth="wrap_content"            androID:layout_height="wrap_content"            androID:text="@string/btn_ok" />        <TextVIEw            androID:ID="@+ID/txtHobby"            androID:layout_wIDth="420dp"            androID:layout_height="47dp" />    </linearLayout></ScrollVIEw>

程序文件：

package com.example.newapp;import androIDx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androID.os.Bundle;import androID.vIEw.VIEw;import androID.Widget.button;import androID.Widget.CheckBox;import androID.Widget.TextVIEw;import org.w3c.dom.Text;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private CheckBox mChkBoxMusic,mChkBoxSing,mChkBoxDance,mChkBoxTravel,mChkBoxReading,mChkBoxWriting,mChkBoxfitness,mChkBoxclimbing,mChkBoxSwim,mChkBoxExercise,mChkBoxPhoto,mChkBoxEating,mChkBoxPainting;    private button mBtnOk;    private TextVIEw mTxtHobby;    @OverrIDe    protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_main);        mChkBoxMusic=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxMusic);        mChkBoxSing=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxSing);        mChkBoxDance=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxDancing);        mChkBoxTravel=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxTravel);        mChkBoxReading=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxReading);        mChkBoxWriting=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxWriting);        mChkBoxclimbing=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxclimbing);        mChkBoxSwim=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxSwim);        mChkBoxExercise=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxExercise);        mChkBoxfitness=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxfitness);        mChkBoxPhoto=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxPhoto);        mChkBoxEating=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxEating);        mChkBoxPainting=(CheckBox)findVIEwByID(R.ID.chkBoxPainting);        mBtnOk=(button)findVIEwByID(R.ID.btnOk);        mTxtHobby=(TextVIEw)findVIEwByID(R.ID.txtHobby);        mBtnOk.setonClickListener(btnOkOnClick);    }    private VIEw.OnClickListener btnOkOnClick=new VIEw.OnClickListener() {        @OverrIDe        public voID onClick(VIEw v) {            String s=getString(R.string.your_hobby);            if(mChkBoxMusic.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxMusic.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxSing.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxSing.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxDance.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxDance.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxTravel.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxTravel.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxReading.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxReading.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxWriting.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxWriting.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxclimbing.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxclimbing.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxSwim.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxSwim.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxExercise.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxExercise.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxfitness.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxfitness.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxPhoto.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxPhoto.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxEating.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxEating.getText().toString();            if(mChkBoxPainting.isChecked())                s+=mChkBoxPainting.getText().toString();            mTxtHobby.setText(s);        }    };}

程序截图：

 

 

总结

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