Swift学习笔记（2）网络数据交换格式（XML，JSON）解析 [iOS实战 入门与提高卷]

概述Swift学习笔记（2）网络数据交换格式（XML，JSON）解析 参考书籍及资源：iOS实战 入门与提高卷 关东升 参考书籍地址 用NSXML来解析XML文档 用TBXML来解析XML文档 用NSJSONSerialization来解析JSON文档 目录 Swift学习笔记2网络数据交换格式XMLJSON解析 目录 用NSXML来解析XML文档 示例文档Notesxml 创建XMLParser类 Swift学习笔记（2）网络数据交换格式（XML，JsON）解析

参考书籍及资源：iOS实战 入门与提高卷 关东升 参考书籍地址

用NSXML来解析XML文档 用TBXML来解析XML文档 用NSJsONSerialization来解析JsON文档 目录 Swift学习笔记2网络数据交换格式XMLJSON解析 目录 用NSXML来解析XML文档 示例文档Notesxml 创建XMLParser类 调用与运行结果 用TBXML来解析XML文档 准备工作 创建XMLParser类 调用与运行结果 用NSJSONSerialization来解析JSON文档 示例文档 Notesdata 示例代码 运行结果 用NSXML来解析XML文档

NSXML是iOS SDK自带的，也是苹果默认的解析框架，框架的核心是NSXMLParser和它的委托协议NSXMLParserDelegate。

示例文档Notes.xml

<?xml version="1.0" enCoding="UTF-8"?><Notes>  <Note ID="1">    <cdate>2014-12-21</cdate>    <Content>早上8点钟到公司</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note>  <Note ID="2">    <cdate>2014-12-22</cdate>    <Content>发布iOSBook1</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note>  <Note ID="3">    <cdate>2014-12-23</cdate>    <Content>发布iOSBook2</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note>  <Note ID="4">    <cdate>2014-12-24</cdate>    <Content>发布iOSBook3</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note>  <Note ID="5">    <cdate>2014-12-25</cdate>    <Content>发布2016奥运会应用iPhone版本</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note>  <Note ID="6">    <cdate>2014-12-26</cdate>    <Content>发布2016奥运会应用iPad版本</Content>    <UserID>tony</UserID>  </Note></Notes>

创建XMLParser类

import Foundationclass XMLParser: NSObject,NSXMLParserDelegate {    private var notes:NSMutableArray! = []    private var currentTagname:String!    func startParse(){        NSLog("start parse")        let path=NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("Notes",ofType: "xml")!        let url=NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path)        //开始解析        let parser=NSXMLParser(contentsOfURL: url)!        parser.delegate=self        parser.parse()    }    //文档开始时触发    func parserDIDStartdocument(parser: NSXMLParser) {        self.notes=NSMutableArray()    }    //文档出错时触发    func parser(parser: NSXMLParser,parseErrorOccurred parseError: NSError) {        NSLog("%@",parseError)    }    //遇到一个开始标签时触发，其中namespaceURI是命名空间，qualifIEdname是限定名，attributes是字典属性集合    func parser(parser: NSXMLParser,dIDStartElement elementname: String,namespaceURI: String?,qualifIEdname qname: String?,attributes attributeDict: [String : String]) {        self.currentTagname=elementname        if self.currentTagname == "Note"{            let ID=attributeDict["ID"]! as Nsstring            let dict=NSMutableDictionary()            dict.setobject(ID,forKey: "ID")            self.notes.addobject(dict)        }    }    //遇到字符串时触发    func parser(parser: NSXMLParser,foundCharacters string: String) {    //去除空格和回车        let s1 = string.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet())        if s1 == ""{            return        }        let dict = self.notes.lastObject as! NSMutableDictionary        if (self.currentTagname == "cdate"){            dict.setobject(string,forKey: "cdate")        }        if (self.currentTagname == "Content"){            dict.setobject(string,forKey: "Content")        }        if (self.currentTagname == "UserID"){            dict.setobject(string,forKey: "UserID")        }    }    //遇到结束标签时触发    func parser(parser: NSXMLParser,dIDEndElement elementname: String,qualifIEdname qname: String?) {        self.currentTagname=nil    }    //文档结束时触发    func parserDIDEnddocument(parser: NSXMLParser) {        NSLog("end parse")        NSLog("\(notes)")    }}

调用与运行结果

overrIDe func vIEwDIDLoad() {        super.vIEwDIDLoad()        // Do any additional setup after loading the vIEw,typically from a nib. let parser=XMLParser() parser.startParse() } 

2016-05-17 12:03:42.836 XMLTest[61377:445073] start parse2016-05-17 12:03:42.852 XMLTest[61377:445073] end parse2016-05-17 12:03:42.853 XMLTest[61377:445073] (        {        cdate = "2014-12-21";        Content = "\U65e9\U4e0a8\U70b9\U949f\U5230\U516c\U53f8";        UserID = tony;        ID = 1;    },{        cdate = "2014-12-22";        Content = "\U53d1\U5e03iOSBook1";        UserID = tony;        ID = 2;    },{        cdate = "2014-12-23";        Content = "\U53d1\U5e03iOSBook2";        UserID = tony;        ID = 3;    },{        cdate = "2014-12-24";        Content = "\U53d1\U5e03iOSBook3";        UserID = tony;        ID = 4;    },{        cdate = "2014-12-25";        Content = "\U53d1\U5e032016\U5965\U8fd0\U4f1a\U5e94\U7528iPhone\U7248\U672c";        UserID = tony;        ID = 5;    },{        cdate = "2014-12-26";        Content = "\U53d1\U5e032016\U5965\U8fd0\U4f1a\U5e94\U7528iPad\U7248\U672c";        UserID = tony;        ID = 6;    })

用TBXML来解析XML文档

TBXML是第三方框架，使用起来比NSXML更简单。

准备工作

TBXML下载地址

下载完成后将TBXML-headers和TBXML-Code文件夹添加到工程中，并添加以下Framewok和库

在Xcode6以后的版本，需要创建Prefixheader.pch文件

并选择TARGETS->工程名->Buil Setting->Apple LLVM x.x Language ->Prefix header，输入Prefixheader.pch

在Prefixheader.pch中添加以下代码

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#define ARC_ENABLED

在桥接头文件中添加以下代码（关于桥接头文件请参考Swift和Objective-C的混编）

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import "TBXML.h"

创建XMLParser类

import Foundationclass XMLParser: NSObject {    private var notes:NSMutableArray! = []    func startParse(){        NSLog("start parse")        self.notes=NSMutableArray()        let tbxml=(try? TBXML(XMLfile: "Notes.xml",error:()))!        //获取XML文档根元素        let root=tbxml.rootXMLElement        if root != nil{            //查找root元素下的Note元素            var noteElement=TBXML.childElementnamed("Note",parentElement: root)            while noteElement != nil{                let dict=NSMutableDictionary()                //查找Note元素下的cdate元素                let cdateElemet=TBXML.childElementnamed("cdate",parentElement: noteElement)                if cdateElemet != nil{                    let cdate=TBXML.textForElement(cdateElemet)                    dict.setValue(cdate,forKey: "cdate")                }                //查找Note元素下的Content元素                let ContentElemet=TBXML.childElementnamed("Content",parentElement: noteElement)                if ContentElemet != nil{                    let Content=TBXML.textForElement(ContentElemet)                    dict.setValue(Content,forKey: "Content")                }                //查找Note元素下的UserID元素                let UserIDElemet=TBXML.childElementnamed("UserID",parentElement: noteElement)                if UserIDElemet != nil{                    let UserID=TBXML.textForElement(UserIDElemet)                    dict.setValue(UserID,forKey: "UserID")                }                //获取Note元素的ID属性值                let ID=TBXML.valueOfAttributenamed("ID",forElement: noteElement)                dict.setValue(ID,forKey: "ID")                self.notes.addobject(dict)                //获取同层的下一个Note元素                noteElement=TBXML.nextSiblingnamed("Note",searchfromElement: noteElement)            }        }        NSLog("end parse")        NSLog("\(notes)")        self.notes=nil    }}

调用与运行结果

同上

用NSJsONSerialization来解析JsON文档

NSJsONSerialization是iOS 5之后苹果提供的API。

示例文档 Notes.data

{"ResultCode":0,"Record":[ {"ID":"1","cdate":"2014-12-23","Content":"发布iOSBook0","UserID":"tony"},{"ID":"2","cdate":"2014-12-24","Content":"发布iOSBook1",{"ID":"3","cdate":"2014-12-25","Content":"发布iOSBook2",{"ID":"4","cdate":"2014-12-26","Content":"发布iOSBook3",{"ID":"5","cdate":"2014-12-27","Content":"发布iOSBook4",{"ID":"6","cdate":"2014-12-28","Content":"发布iOSBook5",{"ID":"7","cdate":"2014-12-29","Content":"发布iOSBook6",{"ID":"8","cdate":"2014-12-30","Content":"发布iOSBook7",{"ID":"9","cdate":"2014-12-31","Content":"发布iOSBook8",{"ID":"10","cdate":"2014-12-32","Content":"发布iOSBook9",{"ID":"11","cdate":"2014-12-33","Content":"发布iOSBook10",{"ID":"12","cdate":"2014-12-34","Content":"发布iOSBook11",{"ID":"13","cdate":"2014-12-35","Content":"发布iOSBook12",{"ID":"14","cdate":"2014-12-36","Content":"发布iOSBook13",{"ID":"15","cdate":"2014-12-37","Content":"发布iOSBook14",{"ID":"16","cdate":"2014-12-38","Content":"发布iOSBook15",{"ID":"17","cdate":"2014-12-39","Content":"发布iOSBook16",{"ID":"18","cdate":"2014-12-40","Content":"发布iOSBook17",{"ID":"19","cdate":"2014-12-41","Content":"发布iOSBook18",{"ID":"20","cdate":"2014-12-42","Content":"发布iOSBook19",{"ID":"21","cdate":"2014-12-43","Content":"发布iOSBook20",{"ID":"22","cdate":"2014-12-44","Content":"发布iOSBook21","UserID":"tony"}]}

示例代码

import UIKitclass VIEwController: UIVIEwController {    var objects:NSMutableArray!=[]    overrIDe func vIEwDIDLoad() {        super.vIEwDIDLoad()        // Do any additional setup after loading the vIEw,typically from a nib.        let path=NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("Notes",ofType: "Json")!        let JsonData=NSData(contentsOffile: path)!        //MutableContainers指定解析返回的是可变的数组或字典        let JsonObj:NSDictionary=(try? NSJsONSerialization.JsONObjectWithData(JsonData,options: NSJsONReadingOptions.MutableContainers)) as! NSDictionary        self.objects=JsonObj.objectForKey("Record") as! NSMutableArray        NSLog("\(self.objects)")    }    overrIDe func dIDReceiveMemoryWarning() {        super.dIDReceiveMemoryWarning()        // dispose of any resources that can be recreated.    }}

运行结果

略

总结

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