Android Handler 原理分析及实例代码

Android Handler 原理分析及实例代码,第1张

概述AndroidHandler原理分析Handler一个让无数android开发者头疼的东西,希望我今天这边文章能为您彻底根治这个问题

AndroID Handler 原理分析

Handler一个让无数androID开发者头疼的东西,希望我今天这边文章能为您彻底根治这个问题

今天就为大家详细剖析下Handler的原理

Handler使用的原因

1.多线程更新Ui会导致UI界面错乱
2.如果加锁会导致性能下降
3.只在主线程去更新UI,轮询处理

Handler使用简介

其实关键方法就2个一个sendMessage,用来接收消息

另一个是handleMessage,用来处理接收到的消息

下面是我参考疯狂androID讲义,写的一个子线程和主线程之间相互通信的demo

对原demo做了一定修改

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {   public final static String UPPER_NUM="upper_num";   private EditText editText;   public jisuanThread jisuan;   public Handler mainhandler;   private TextVIEw textVIEw;   class jisuanThread extends Thread{     public Handler mhandler;     @OverrIDe     public voID run() {       Looper.prepare();       final ArrayList<Integer> al=new ArrayList<>();       mhandler=new Handler(){         @OverrIDe         public voID handleMessage(Message msg) {            if(msg.what==0x123){             Bundle bundle=msg.getData();             int up=bundle.getInt(UPPER_NUM);             outer:             for(int i=3;i<=up;i++){               for(int j=2;j<=Math.sqrt(i);j++){                 if(i%j==0){                   continue outer;                 }               }               al.add(i);             }             Message message=new Message();             message.what=0x124;             Bundle bundle1=new Bundle();             bundle1.putIntegerArrayList("Result",al);             message.setData(bundle1);             mainhandler.sendMessage(message);           }         }       };       Looper.loop();     }   }   @OverrIDe   protected voID onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentVIEw(R.layout.activity_main);     editText= (EditText) findVIEwByID(R.ID.et_num);     textVIEw= (TextVIEw) findVIEwByID(R.ID.tv_show);     jisuan=new jisuanThread();     jisuan.start();     mainhandler=new Handler(){       @OverrIDe       public voID handleMessage(Message msg) {         if(msg.what==0x124){           Bundle bundle=new Bundle();           bundle=msg.getData();           ArrayList<Integer> al=bundle.getIntegerArrayList("Result");           textVIEw.setText(al.toString());         }       }     };     findVIEwByID(R.ID.bt_jisuan).setonClickListener(new VIEw.OnClickListener() {       @OverrIDe       public voID onClick(VIEw v) {         Message message=new Message();         message.what=0x123;         Bundle bundle=new Bundle();         bundle.putInt(UPPER_NUM,Integer.parseInt(editText.getText().toString()));         message.setData(bundle);         jisuan.mhandler.sendMessage(message);       }     });   } } 

Hanler和Looper,MessageQueue原理分析

1.Handler发送消息处理消息(一般都是将消息发送给自己),因为hanler在不同线程是可使用的

2.Looper管理MessageQueue

Looper.loop死循环,不断从MessageQueue取消息,如果有消息就处理消息,没有消息就阻塞

public static voID loop() {     final Looper me = myLooper();     if (me == null) {       throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");     }     final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;     // Make sure the IDentity of this thread is that of the local process,// and keep track of what that IDentity token actually is.     Binder.clearCallingIDentity();     final long IDent = Binder.clearCallingIDentity();      for (;;) {       Message msg = queue.next(); // might block       if (msg == null) {         // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.         return;       }       // This must be in a local variable,in case a UI event sets the logger       Printer logging = me.mLogging;       if (logging != null) {         logging.println(">>>>> dispatching to " + msg.target + " " +             msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);       }       msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);        if (logging != null) {         logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);       }       // Make sure that during the course of dispatching the       // IDentity of the thread wasn't corrupted.       final long newIDent = Binder.clearCallingIDentity();       if (IDent != newIDent) {         Log.wtf(TAG,"Thread IDentity changed from 0x"             + Long.toHexString(IDent) + " to 0x"             + Long.toHexString(newIDent) + " while dispatching to "             + msg.target.getClass().getname() + " "             + msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what);       }        msg.recycleUnchecked();     }   } 

这个是Looper.loop的源码,实质就是一个死循环,不断读取自己的MessQueue的消息

3.MessQueue一个消息队列,Handler发送的消息会添加到与自己内联的Looper的MessQueue中,受Looper管理

private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {     mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);     mThread = Thread.currentThread();   } 

这个是Looper构造器,其中做了2个工作,

1.生成与自己关联的Message

2.绑定到当前线程

主线程在初始化的时候已经生成Looper,

其他线程如果想使用handler需要通过Looper.prepare()生成一个自己线程绑定的looper

这就是Looper.prepare()源码,其实质也是使用构造器生成一个looper

private static voID prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {     if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {       throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");     }     sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));   } 

4.handler发送消息会将消息保存在自己相关联的Looper的MessageQueue中,那它是如何找到这个MessageQueue的呢

public Handler(Callback callback,boolean async) {     if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {       final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();       if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&           (klass.getModifIErs() & ModifIEr.STATIC) == 0) {         Log.w(TAG,"The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +           klass.getCanonicalname());       }     }      mLooper = Looper.myLooper();     if (mLooper == null) {       throw new RuntimeException(         "Can't create handler insIDe thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");     }     mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;     mCallback = callback;     mAsynchronous = async;   } 

这个是Handler的构造方法,它会找到一个自己关联的一个Looper

public static Looper myLooper() {     return sThreadLocal.get();   } 

没错,他们之间也是通过线程关联的,得到Looper之后自然就可以获得它的MessageQueue了

5.我们再看下handler如发送消息,又是如何在发送完消息后,回调HandlerMessage的

private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue,Message msg,long uptimeMillis) {     msg.target = this;     if (mAsynchronous) {       msg.setAsynchronous(true);     }     return queue.enqueueMessage(msg,uptimeMillis);   } 

这个就是Handler发送消息的最终源码,可见就是将一个message添加到MessageQueue中,那为什么发送完消息又能及时回调handleMessage方法呢

大家请看上边那个loop方法,其中的for循环里面有一句话msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);

public voID dispatchMessage(Message msg) {     if (msg.callback != null) {       handleCallback(msg);     } else {       if (mCallback != null) {         if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {           return;         }       }       handleMessage(msg);     }   } 

这就是这句话,看到了吧里面会调用hanlerMessage,一切都联系起来了吧

感谢阅读,希望能帮助到大家,谢谢大家对本站的支持!

总结

以上是内存溢出为你收集整理的Android Handler 原理分析及实例代码全部内容,希望文章能够帮你解决Android Handler 原理分析及实例代码所遇到的程序开发问题。

如果觉得内存溢出网站内容还不错,欢迎将内存溢出网站推荐给程序员好友。

欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出

原文地址: http://outofmemory.cn/web/1147032.html

(0)
打赏 微信扫一扫 微信扫一扫 支付宝扫一扫 支付宝扫一扫
上一篇 2022-05-31
下一篇 2022-05-31

发表评论

登录后才能评论

评论列表(0条)

保存