c# 如何让读取xml文件重复节点内的值

c# 如何让读取xml文件重复节点内的值,第1张

应该可以设置id,根据id获取值

不好意思啦!借用zhangmiger代码一下。

XmlDocument

doc

=

new

XmlDocument();

docLoad("//XMLFile1xml");

XmlNodeList

nodes

=

docSelectNodes("/Dimap_Document/IMAGING_DATE/vertex");

foreach

(XmlNode

node

in

nodes)

{

if(nodeAttributes["id"]value=="v2"){

ConsoleWriteLine(nodeInnerText);

}

}

ConsoleRead();

XMLFile1xml文件的内容:

<xml

version="10"

encoding="utf-8"

>

<Dimap_Document>

<IMAGING_DATE>

<vertex

id="v1">

a

</vertex>

<vertex

id="v2">

b

</vertex>

<vertex

id="v3">

c

</vertex>

</IMAGING_DATE>

</Dimap_Document>

下面是我写的生成XML文件的例子,主要是用递归来完成嵌套的XML生成。

生成的格式为:

<Datas>

<Data>

<year>

</year>

<paper>

<name> </name>

<number></number>

<weight></weight>

<paper>

</paper>

</paper>

</Data>

</Datas>

#include <fstream>

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include <ctime>

#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

const int MAX_YEAR = 6;

const int MAX_NODENAME = 8;

const int MAX_DEPTH = 1;

const int MAX_ITEM = 15;

const int MAX_TAGS = 50;

enum NodeName

{

DATAS,

DATA,

YEAR,

PAPERS,

NUMBER,

WEIGHT,

TAG,

NAME

};

string NodeBegin[MAX_NODENAME] = {"<Datas>", "<Data>", "<year>", "<paper>", "<number>", "<weight>", "<tag>", "<name>"};

string NodeEnd[MAX_NODENAME] = {"</Datas>", "</Data>", "</year>", "</paper>", "</number>", "</weight>", "</tag>", "</name>"};

string Years[MAX_YEAR] = {"2000","2001","2002","2003","2004","2005"};

//_T的意思是通知编译器,自行进行字符串的多字节/Unicode转换。

//而L表示,该字符串为Unicode版本。

ofstream outfile(L"首页xml");

int Random(int i)

{

return (rand()%i+1);

}

void Recursive(int level, string parentName, string year)

{

if (level == 1)

{

for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ITEM; i++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[PAPERS]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<parentName<<"-"<<i<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NUMBER]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[NUMBER]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeEnd[PAPERS]<<endl;

}

for (int j =0; j < MAX_TAGS; j++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[TAG]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<year<<":"<<parentName<<"-"<<j<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeEnd[TAG]<<endl;

}

}

else

{

for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ITEM; i++)

{

char a[10];

string str;

itoa(i, a, 10);

str = a;

string curName = parentName+"-"+str;

outfile<<NodeBegin[PAPERS]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<curName<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NUMBER]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[NUMBER]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl;

Recursive(level-1, curName, year);

outfile<<NodeEnd[PAPERS]<<endl;

}

for (int j =0; j < MAX_TAGS; j++)

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[TAG]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[NAME]<<"Tag"<<year<<":"<<parentName<<"-"<<j<<NodeEnd[NAME]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[WEIGHT]<<Random(10)<<NodeEnd[WEIGHT]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeEnd[TAG]<<endl;

}

}

}

void GenerateXML()

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[DATAS]<<endl;

for (int i = 0; i < MAX_YEAR; i++ )

{

outfile<<NodeBegin[DATA]<<endl;

outfile<<NodeBegin[YEAR]<<Years[i]<<NodeEnd[YEAR]<<endl;

Recursive(MAX_DEPTH, "学科主题",Years[i]);

outfile<<NodeEnd[DATA]<<endl;

}

outfile<<NodeEnd[DATAS]<<endl;

}

void main()

{

locale::global(locale(""));

srand(time(NULL));

if (!outfile)

{

cout<<"can't open output file"<<endl;

}

GenerateXML();

cout<<"Generate End"<<endl;

}

ML在Win32程序方面应该没有在Web方面应用得多,很多Win32程序也只是用XML来存存配置信息而已,而且没有足够的好处的话还不如用ini。VC++里 *** 作XML有两个库可以用:MSXML和XmlLite。MSXML又细分了两种接口:DOM和SAX2。XP没自带有XmlLite,只自带有2x、3x版的MSXML,不支持SAX2(需要MSXML 40以上),所以优先使用DOM。

DOM是以COM形式提供的,VC++里调用DOM可以分3种方法:

1、MFC里用CComPtr调用

2、SDK里直接调用DOM接口

3、SDK里用智能指针调用

这3种方法本质上是一样的,区别只不过在于需要编码的多少而已,用CComPtr可以极大的简化代码,下面是几个例子。

例子stocksxml:

<xml version="10" encoding="utf-8">

<root>

<node1>text1</node1>

<node2>

<childnode1 attrib1="value1" attrib2="value2"/>

<childnode2 attrib1="value1" attrib2="value2">childtext1</childnode2>

</node2>

</root>

这个例子应该包含了XML最常见的特征了吧?

MFC

MFC里可以直接使用DOM,不需要手动添加额外的头文件,只需要在CWinApp::InitInstance()里调用CoInitialize(NULL)初始化COM,在CWinApp::ExitInstance里调用CoUninitialize()释放COM就行了。

//读取XML

CComPtr<IXMLDOMDocument> spDoc; //DOM

spDocCoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument);

VARIANT_BOOL vb;

spDoc->load(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocksxml")), &vb); //加载XML文件

CComPtr<IXMLDOMElement> spRootEle;

spDoc->get_documentElement(&spRootEle); //根节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList> spNodeList;

spRootEle->get_childNodes(&spNodeList); //子节点列表

long nLen;

spNodeList->get_length(&nLen); //子节点数

for (long i = 0; i != nLen; ++i) //遍历子节点

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spNode;

spNodeList->get_item(i, &spNode);

ProcessNode(spNode); //节点处理函数

}

//写入XML

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spNode;

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node1"), &spNode);

spNode->put_text(OLESTR("newText")); //写入text

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1"), &spNode);

spNode->put_nodeValue(CComVariant(OLESTR("newValue"))); //写入value

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spNewNode;

spDoc->createNode(CComVariant(NODE_ELEMENT), OLESTR("childnode3"), OLESTR(""), &spNewNode); //创建新节点

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2"), &spNode);

spNode->appendChild(spNewNode, &spNewNode); //将新节点加为node2的子节点

spNewNode->put_text(OLESTR("childtext2")); //写入新节点text

CComQIPtr<IXMLDOMElement> spEle = spNewNode; //注意这里使用CComQIPtr

spEle->setAttribute(OLESTR("attrib1"), CComVariant(OLESTR("value1")));//给新节点添加属性

spDoc->save(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocksxml")));

//节点处理函数

void ProcessNode(CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode>& spNode)

{

CComBSTR bsNodeName;

spNode->get_nodeName(&bsNodeName); //节点名

AfxMessageBox(COLE2CT(bsNodeName));

CComVariant varVal;

spNode->get_nodeValue(&varVal); //节点值

AfxMessageBox(COLE2CT(varValbstrVal));

DOMNodeType eNodeType;

spNode->get_nodeType(&eNodeType);

if (eNodeType == NODE_ELEMENT) //只有NODE_ELEMENT类型才能包含有属性和子节点

{

//递归遍历节点属性

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNamedNodeMap> spNameNodeMap;

spNode->get_attributes(&spNameNodeMap);

long nLength;

spNameNodeMap->get_length(&nLength);

for (long i = 0; i != nLength; ++i)

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spNodeAttrib; //注意属性也是一个IXMLDOMNode

spNameNodeMap->get_item(i, &spNodeAttrib);

ProcessNode(spNodeAttrib);

}

//递归遍历子节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList> spNodeList;

spNode->get_childNodes(&spNodeList);

spNodeList->get_length(&nLength);

for (long i = 0; i != nLength; ++i)

{

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spChildNode;

spNodeList->get_item(i, &spChildNode);

ProcessNode(spChildNode);

}

}

}

对于<tag>text</tag>这样的节点,get_nodeValue会得到空,要得到"text"的话可以遍历子节点(只有一个子节点,它的nodeName为"#text",nodeType为NODE_TEXT,nodeValue就是"text");也可以用get_text直接得到"text",但是对于这样的节点<tag>text<childtag>childtext</childtag></tag>,get_text会同时得到"text"和"childtext",不过这样的节点应该是不允许的。

DOM里使用的字符串(BSTR)都是OLESTR类型,默认情况下OLESTR是Unicode字符,MFC里可以用COLE2CT把LPCOLESTR转换为LPCTSTR。

对于自己定义的XML,大多数时候不需要遍历,可以通过调用selectNodes、selectSingleNode指定XPath直接读取某个节点或属性:

CComPtr<IXMLDOMDocument> spDoc; //DOM

spDocCoCreateInstance(CLSID_DOMDocument);

VARIANT_BOOL vb;

spDoc->load(CComVariant(OLESTR("stocksxml")), &vb); //加载XML文件

CComPtr<IXMLDOMElement> spRootEle;

spDoc->get_documentElement(&spRootEle); //根节点

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNodeList> spNodeList;

CComPtr<IXMLDOMNode> spNode;

spRootEle->selectNodes(OLESTR("/root/node2/"), &spNodeList); //得到node2下的所有子节点

spRootEle->selectSingleNode(OLESTR("/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1"), &spNode); //得到childnode1的attrib1属性

XPath的语法可以参考XML文档或MSDN。

SDK

SDK中也可以使用智能指针,和MFC没太大区别,同样很方便,直接给代码:

#include <iostream>

#include <tcharh>

#import <msxml3dll>

//节点处理函数

void ProcessNode(MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodePtr spNode)

{

std::cout << "nodeName: " << spNode->nodeName;

if (spNode->nodeType == NODE_ATTRIBUTE || spNode->nodeType == NODE_TEXT)

std::cout << "\tnodeValue: " << _bstr_t(spNode->nodeValue);

std::cout << std::endl;

if (spNode->nodeType == NODE_ELEMENT)

{

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr spNameNodeMap = spNode->attributes;

for (long i = 0; i != spNameNodeMap->length; ++i) //遍历节点属性

ProcessNode(spNameNodeMap->item);

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodeListPtr spNodeList = spNode->childNodes;

for (long i = 0; i != spNodeList->length; ++i) //遍历子节点

ProcessNode(spNodeList->item);

}

}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR argv[])

{

CoInitialize(NULL);

//读取XML

MSXML2::IXMLDOMDocumentPtr spXMLDoc;

spXMLDocCreateInstance(__uuidof(MSXML2::DOMDocument30));

spXMLDoc->load(L"stocksxml");

MSXML2::IXMLDOMElementPtr spRoot = spXMLDoc->documentElement; //根节点

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodeListPtr spNodeList = spRoot->childNodes;

for (long i = 0; i != spNodeList->length; ++i) //遍历子节点

ProcessNode(spNodeList->item);

//写入XML

spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node1")->text = L"newText";

spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node2/childnode1/@attrib1")->nodeValue = L"newValue";

MSXML2::IXMLDOMNodePtr spNewNode = spRoot->selectSingleNode(L"/root/node2")->appendChild(

spXMLDoc->createNode(_variant_t(NODE_ELEMENT), L"childnode3", L"")

); //给node2创建新子节点childnode3

spNewNode->text = L"childtext2";

MSXML2::IXMLDOMElementPtr spEle = spNewNode;

spEle->setAttribute(L"attrib1", _variant_t(L"value1")); //添加新属性

spXMLDoc->save(_variant_t(L"stocksxml"));

spNewNodeRelease();

spEleRelease();

spNodeListRelease();

spRootRelease();

spXMLDocRelease();

CoUninitialize();

system("pause");

return 0;

}

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