篮球里,block这个词的词义和盖帽有什么关系?

篮球里,block这个词的词义和盖帽有什么关系?,第1张

在nba词典中,对于盖帽,有两种讲法,一个是rejection而另一个就是block了
它们的含义:(在icibacom搜索得到)
block

n
木块, 石块, 块, 街区, 印版, 滑轮, 阻滞, (一)批
vt
防碍, 阻塞
rejection

n
拒绝
通常,我们用block表示盖帽,是因为blcok有阻塞、阻隔的意思,而且读音简单、易记,所以现在大多数人都选用block为盖帽的意思,它通常与shot连用为block shot。
而rejection我是在环球体育·灌篮上看到的,而且我在玩NBA的时候也经常听到这个单词(当我在盖别人的帽时)。所以我把它也列入“盖帽”与block做对比

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柯林斯英汉双解词典对两个单词的解释:

两个词都可做名词,可作动词。

名词释义有天差地别,没有可比性:

blockn 大块;大楼;街区;积木;一大叠 (一次大量购买的入场券、股票等); (思维、记忆等的) 阻滞

tacklen 擒抱撞倒,阻截;(尤指钓鱼等活动的) 器具-如:fishing tacke渔具

动词释义有重叠(都可以指阻挡),值得研究:

以下是精简版总结:

blockv阻塞/封锁(道路,通道等);挡住(某人的视野,某人的路等);阻止(事情的发生等)

tacklev阻挡((美式或英式橄榄比赛中) 擒抱摔倒; (足球运动或曲棍球运动中) 抢断);处理/解决(麻烦,棘手的问题等);坦率地与某人交谈(以改变或完成某事);攻击(某人)

总结:

当两个词都用来表示阻挡时:

block可以指各种各样的阻塞,阻止,挡住;

tackle只能指球赛中术语的抢断等;最常用的意思还是处理(问题等),和deal with意思相近。

以下是动词释义-英汉双解带例句版-详解:

block/blɒk/  CET4 TEM4 (blocking,blocked,blocks)

(1) V-T To block a road, channel, or pipe means to put an object across it or in it so that nothing can pass through it or along it 阻塞(通道等), 封锁(道路,海峡等)不使通过

例:Some students today blocked a main road that cuts through the centre of the city一些学生今天封锁了穿过市中心的公路。

(2) V-T If something blocks your view, it prevents you from seeing something because it is between you and that thing 挡住(视野等)

例:a row of spruce trees that blocked his view of the long north slope of the mountain…挡住了他看向山北长坡视线的一排云杉。

(3) V-T If you block someone's way, you prevent them from going somewhere or entering a place by standing in front of them 阻挡(某人的路)

例:I started to move around him, but he blocked my way我开始绕开他走,但他挡着我的路。

(4) V-T If you block something that is being arranged, you prevent it from being done 阻止(某安排,某事情发生等)

例:For years the country has tried to block imports of various cheap foreign products多年以来,这个国家曾试图阻止多种外国廉价产品的进口。

tackle/ˈtækəl/  CET4 TEM4 (tackling,tackled,tackles)

(1) V-T If you tackle a difficult problem or task, you deal with it in a very determined or efficient way 处理/解决(麻烦,棘手的问题等)

例:The first reason to tackle these problems is to save children's lives 解决这些问题的首要原因是为了挽救孩子们的生命。

(2) V-T If you tackle someone in a game such as American football or rugby, you knock them to the ground If you tackle someone in soccer or hockey, you try to take the ball away from them 球赛术语--(美式或英式橄榄比赛中) 擒抱摔倒; (足球运动或曲棍球运动中) 抢断

例:Foley tackled the quarterback福利擒住并摔倒了四分卫。

(3) V-T If you tackle someone about a particular matter, you speak to them honestly about it, usually in order to get it changed or done 坦率地与某人交谈(以改变或完成某事)

例:I tackled him about how anyone could live amidst so much poverty 我坦率地与他谈论哪有人能在如此的极度贫困中生活。

(4) V-T If you tackle someone, you attack them and fight them 攻击(某人)

例:Two security guards tackled and apprehended a man suspected of robbing 17 banks两名保安与一名涉嫌抢劫17家银行的男子搏斗并逮捕了他。

baby
back
back
back
background
backyard
bacteria
bad
badly
bag
bake
balance
balance
balanced
ball
balloon
ballot
ban
ban
banana
band
bank
banker
banking
bankruptcy
bar
bare
barely
barn
barrel
barrier
base
base
baseball
basement
basic
basically
basis
basket
basketball
bat
bath
bathroom
battery
battle
battle
bay
be
beach
beam
bean
bear
bear
beard
beast
beat
beat
beautiful
beauty
because
because
become
bed
bedroom
bee
beef
beer
before
before
before
beg
begin
beginning
behalf
behave
behavior
behavioral
behind
behind
being
belief
believe
bell
belly
belong
below
below
belt
bench
bend
beneath
benefit
benefit
beside
besides
besides
best
best
bet
bet
better
better
between
beyond
beyond
bias
Bible
bicycle
bid
big
bike
bill
billion
bind
biography
biological
biology
bird
birth
birthday
bishop
bit
bit
bite
bite
bitter
black
black
blade
blame
blank
blanket
blast
blend
bless
blessing
blind
blink
block
block
blond
blood
bloody
blow
blow
blue
blue
board
boast
boat
body
boil
bold
bolt
bomb
bomb
bombing
bond
bone
bonus
book
boom
boost
boot
booth
border
boring
born
borrow
boss
both
both
bother
bottle
bottom
bottom
bounce
boundary
bow
bow
bowl
box
boy
boyfriend
brain
brake
branch
brand
brave
bread
break
break
breakfast
breast
breath
breathe
breathing
breeze
brick
bride
bridge
brief
briefly
bright
brilliant
bring
British
broad
broadcast
broadcast
broken
broker
bronze
brother
brown
brush
brush
brutal
bubble
buck
bucket
buddy
budget
bug
build
builder
building
bulb
bulk
bull
bullet
bunch
burden
bureau
burn
burning
burst
bury
bus
bush
business
businessman
busy
but
but
butt
butter
butterfly
button
buy
buyer
by
by

英语单词速记:荒诞联想记忆法
adore 喜爱。
联想“一朵”鲜花→喜爱
He was adored by rich and poor alike
akin 同族的, 类似的。
联想a kind
Pity is often akin to love
align vt 排成一行arrange in a line
联想:a line
We began to align chairs for the ceremony
amnesty 特赦
联想:m-n-e-s=免你一死
astonish 使惊讶。
联想stone-使像石头一样
backlog 积压、木材
联想:back + log-后院里积压的木材
There is a large backlog of cases to hear 有大量案件要审讯。
block 妨碍、阻塞。
联想:b + lock = 布锁→妨碍、阻塞
boil “爆油”→沸腾、沸点
The mere idea made me boil 这个主意让我大为激动
bold 大胆的。
联想:b + old = 不老的→大胆的,冒失的
callous 冷淡的, 起老茧的。
联想“壳”的
Even the most callous observer would be moved by the news report about the concentration camps
campaign 战役。
联想:camp 营盘
cargo 货物。
联想:car + go
charisma 超凡魅力。
联想:Christ + ma=圣母→超凡魅力
He won the election largely on the basis of his charisma
clog(管道)堵塞
联想:c + log = 似圆木
Pipes became clogged with dirt before long
copious 很多的
联想:copy
He took copious notes at every lecture
cower vi畏缩
联想:cow(牛)
The inmates cowers under the brutal lash 囚犯们在粗暴的体罚下畏缩了
curt 简短的,草率的short-spoken, hardly-polite
联想:cut
He was offended by the receptionist’s curt reply
curtail 缩减
联想:cut tail
Bus service will have to be curtailed because of the transit strike
dismay 沮丧
联想:not –may(不可以
The news of plummeting stock prices dismayed speculators 股票价格骤然下跌的消息使股民大为沮丧
dogma 教条
联想:dog + ma
“The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present”(Abraham Lincoln)“平静的过去时代的那些信条,不适用于暴风骤雨式的现代社会了”(亚伯拉罕•林肯)
dubious 可疑的
联想doubt
a dubious compliment 意义不明的恭维
dusk薄暮, 黄昏
联想dark
The fireworks display will begin at dusk
dwindle v缩小,减少 become less or smaller
联想:d + wind + le =低风了
Our supply of food has dwindled
extradite vt引渡
联想:extra + dite = 多余的歹徒
The Chinese government requested that Canada extradite Lai Changxing
funeral 葬礼
联想final
hanker vi渴望
联想“很渴”
hanker for knowledge 渴望获得知识
ghastly 苍白的,可怕的
联想ghost(鬼)
She fainted at sight of the ghastly wound 一见那可怕的伤口她就晕过去了
kidnap vt诱拐(小孩), 绑架
联想:kid(孩子)+ nap(拿)
Gunmen kidnapped at least 50 people from a busy Baghdad street lined with travel agencies
listless倦怠的
联想:list = 力
reacted to the latest crisis with listless resignation 对最近的危机所作的反应是无精打采的放弃
lovelorn adj 失恋的, 害相思病的
联想:love + lorn(落)→爱情失落→失恋
mimic vt 模仿
联想人家说mi,你也说mi→模仿
He mimicked the teacher's voice 他模仿老师的声音
monk和尚,修道士
联想:mon (mountain) + k(客)→山客→和尚
oust [aust] vt 驱逐
s-out→使out→驱逐
oust a rival from office 把对手从办公室挤走
partisan 党徒
party(党)+ san(人)→党徒
scan“细看”,扫描
s-can→细看
scanned the morning papers while eating breakfast 吃早饭时浏览早上的报纸
surly粗暴的
sir + ly→老爷般的,粗暴的
yearn 渴望,
year-n→年年念→渴望
She yearned for reconciliation 她渴望和好 (WH哈德森)。
正确发音为: Yawn [jC:n]
26,Zest [zest] n乐趣、风味
(音义串联)一边跳舞一边喊 yes 很有乐趣。
谐音提示:热死;yes
正确发音为: Zest [zest]

第三节 英语单词词义的形象串联记忆法
《英语单词形象记忆法》简称“SY记忆法”,s代表Shanghai,上海,Y代表姚的姓。以区别于其他记忆法。
我们只选取“串联形象记忆法”
串联形象法是帮助记忆一个英语单词有多种意义的联想记忆法。
英语中拥有数量众多的一词多义的单词。这同中文的情形颇为相似。一个词,当它具有两个以上的意义时,其中
必有一个是本义,而其他的则是引申义,即从本义“引申”出来的,发展出来的。
例如,中文的“道”,本义是。路”,引申为达到道德标准的途径,如“朝闻道,夕死可矣”(《沦语·里仁》);还引
申为正当的手段,如“不以其道得之,不处也”(《论语·里仁》)。
大多数的一词多义的英语单词,同样能找出其本义与引申义。例如:bar,本义为“杆、棒”。杆、棒可作障碍用,
引申为“障碍物”,“围栏”;又在法庭上有围栏,引申为“法庭”;餐馆里有“围栏”分开店主与顾客,故又引申为
“酒吧”、“柜台”;等等。
我们也许在阅读中常遇到这样的障碍:一个句子,没有不懂的语法结构,也没有“不识的生词”,但却渎不懂意思。
其实,拦路虎往往就是那个看来认识而并不认识的单词。我们虽掌握了它的某一意义,而未掌握它在该句子中的
另外的意义。因此,它仍然是一个生词。
例:It is a poem by an unknown pen. “它是一首不详的笔的诗”,读不通。其实这句英语中的pen不是“笔”,
而是“作家”,这样就读通了:“它是一首作者不详的诗”。 Pen不仅有“笔”、“作家”的意思,还有”写作”、“栅栏”,
“把…关起来”等意思。串联形象法通过一定的组合排列,将pen的几个中文意思串成一句句子,以便联想记忆:
“ 把作家关起来,在栅栏内用笔写作 ”。 记住了这句句子,也就记住了pen的多种意义。
比如:pen,你若已知它是“笔”、“作家”、“写作”等意思,而不知其“栅栏”、“把…关起来”的意思,那么就可删改为:
栅栏把作家关起来 串联形象法的思路,关键在于用已知的意思串联未知的意思。
在编制串联形象句子时,要考虑释义之间有意义上的联系,这种联系可以是奇特的甚或荒诞的。读者实践后会发现,
奇特的联系更容易记住。


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