一、概念:
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介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。
二相关知识点精讲
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介词口诀:自从以当为按照,由于对于为了到;和跟把比在关于,除了同对向往朝;用在名词代词前,修饰动形要记牢。
1表示地点位置的介词
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1)at ,in, on, to
at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近,旁边”
in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在…范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻,接壤
to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤
He arrived at the station at ten
He is sitting at the desk
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday
Jiangsu lies in the east of China
Russia lies on the north of China
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province
2)above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与 below相对;
over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
The bird is flying above my head
There is a bridge over the river
He put his watch on the desk
3)below, under 在……下面
under表示在…正下方
below表示在……下,不一定在正下方
There is a cat under the table
Please write your name below the line
2表示时间的介词
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1)in , on,at 在……时
in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。
on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。
注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day
2)in, after 在……之后
“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
My mother will come back in three or four days
He arrived after five months
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon
3)from, since 自从……
from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;
since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。
He studied the piano from the age of three
They have lived here since 1978
4)after, behind 在……之后
after主要用于表示时间;
behind主要用于表示位置。
We shall leave after lunch
Lucy is hiding behind an old house
时间名词前介词用法口诀
年前周前要用in
具体日子却要禁
遇到几号要用on
上午下午又是in
要说某日上下午
用on换in记清楚
午夜黄昏用at
黎明用它也不错
at用在时分前
说“差”可要用上to
说"过''要用past
3表运动方向的介词:
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across, through 通过,穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关;
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。
She swam across the river
He walked through the forest
4表示“在……之间”的介词:
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between, among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间;
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground
The teacher is standing among the students
5表示其他意义的介词
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1)on ,about 关于
on 表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;
about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。
There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon
He is writing a book on cooking
He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation
2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具
by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;
with 表示用 …工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;
in 表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;
He makes a living by selling newspapers
He broke the window with a stone
The foreigner spoke to us in English
3)except, besides 除了
except 除……之外,不包括在内;
besides 除……之外,包括在内。
Except Mr Wang, we went to see the film(王先生没去)
Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film(王先生也去了)
三巩固练习
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1 Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China(in, on, to)
2 Go _________ the bridge _________ the river, you’ll find the shop(across, through; over, above)
3 I go to school __________7:30 every morning(in, on, at)
4 He would like to meet her __________8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning(between, among )
5 The Greens have lived in China ________ three years(in, for, after)
6 We go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday(except, besides)
7 He wrote the letter _________ ink(by, with ,in)
8 She returned to her country _________five years(in, after, for)
9 There is a big tree _________ our classroom(after, behind)
10 I usually go to work _________ bike(by, on, with)
其它常用介词
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介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义:
about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身
I have bought a book about Shakespearean
我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。
There are about fifteen trees in the picture
里大约有十五棵树。
above 在上,高出,以上,超过,在上游
The plane is flying above the clouds
飞机在云上飞行。
I think the man is above sixty years old
我想那人有六十多岁了。
across 横过,对面,交叉,在的对面
Can you swim across the river?
你能游过河吗?
We live across the street
我们住在街的对面。
after 在后面,依照
He went home after school
他放学后就回家了。
Read after me, please
请跟我朗读。
against 撞到,靠着,反对,违背,
The car hit against the tree
汽车撞了树。
He is standing against the wall
他靠墙站着。
along 沿着,顺着
They are walking along the river
他们沿着河行走。
among 在当中
He is the tallest among them
他是他们当中个子最高的。
around 在的周围,在那一边
They sat around the table talking the news
他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。
There is a drugstore around the corner
拐角处有一家药店。
as 作为
He doesn't like people treat him as a child
他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。
at 在时刻,在点钟,在岁时, 向,在之中,按速度,值(卖)钱,
He always gets up at six in the morning
他时常早上六点钟起床。
He shot at the bird but missed it
他向鸟射击,但是没射中。
The car goes at eighty miles an hour
汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。
before 在的前面(位置),在之前(时间)
He took a picture before the car
他在汽车前照了张照片。
He can't finish his work before supper
晚饭前他完不成工作。
behind 在的后面(位置), 落后于,不如,
迟于,晚于(时间)
Are there any brooms behind the door
门后有扫帚吗?
All of us are behind him in mathematics
我们数学都不如他。
below 在之下,低于,
There are four lights below the ceiling
天花板下面有四盏灯。
The murderer run away below the police's eyes
杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了。
beside 在的旁边,在之外,与相比
He found the body beside the river
他在河边发现了尸体。
Beside yours, my computer is too slow
与你的计算机速度相比,我的就慢多了。
besides 除之外,
We are all here besides Bowe
除鲍外,我们也都来了。
between 在两者之间,
The relations between the two countries has improved since then
两国的关系从那以后得到了改善。
beyond 在那边,
The shop you are looking for is beyond the street, you can't miss it
你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的。
but 除去
He has nothing but money
他除钱以外什么都没有。
by 被, 在的近旁 , 在之前, 不迟于, 以为手段。
The classroom was cleaned by the students
教室由学生们打扫干净了。
Miss Lucy came to China by air
露西是乘飞机来中国的。
down 沿着望下。
She walked down the street
她沿着街道走。
during 在期间,在时候。
During the holiday, we went to the south
我们假期去了南方。
except 除之外。
He knows nothing except English
他除英语以外什么都不知道。
for 为, 因为, 至于 。
He works for this company
他为这家公司工作。
She came back to the classroom for she had left her books in the classroom
她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。
from 从, 来自, 因为。
Where are you from
你是哪里人?
He died from an accident
他死于一场事故。
in 在, 在之内,从事于, 按照, 穿着。
He was born in 1992
他生于1992年。
I could finish the program in two weeks
我可以用两周时间完成这个项目。
He spend less time in reading
他读书时间很少。
The man in black jacket is our teacher
穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师。
like 象,如同。
The twins are like their father
双胞胎像他们的父亲。
near 靠近。
There are some flowers near the house
房子附近有一些花。
of 的,属于。
This is a map of China
这是一张中国地图。
off 离开,在之外。
The young man got off the train quickly
那个年青人很快下了火车。
I live in a village a little way off the main road
我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里。
on 在之上。
My book is on the table
我的书在桌子上。
out of 从出来,在之外。
The dog run out of the house
狗从房子里跑出来。
outside 外边
They are waiting outside the gate
他们在门外等着。
over 在之上,遍于之上,越过。
There is a light over the desk
桌子上方有盏灯。
He is over sixty years old
他有六十多岁。
past 越过,过,超越。
The students walked past the post office
学生们走过了邮局。
It is ten past two
现在是两点十分。
round 围着,绕过,在周围。
We sat round the table
我们围着桌子坐下。
The earth goes round the sun
地球绕着太阳转。
since 自 以后,自以来。
He has made great progress in English since he came into the college
从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步。
through 经过,穿过。
They went through the forest
他们穿过了森林。
throughout 遍及,在各处。
The police searched for the criminal throughout the mountain
警察搜山寻找犯人。
till 直到,在以前。
He didn't come back till eleven o'clock
他直到十一点钟才回来。
We'll be home till six
六点以前我们都会在家。
to 到,向,趋于。
How long is it from here to the station?
从这儿到车站有多远?
under 在之下,低于。
There are some footballs under the bed
床底下有几颗足球。
These students are under seventeen years old
这些学生们不到十七岁。
until 直到,在以前,
Please wait for us until we come back
请等着我们回来。
It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper
直到上周,我才交了数学论文。
up 在上面,在上。
He went up the stairs
他上了楼梯。
upon 在之上,迫近。
It's not polite to look down upon him
蔑视他是不礼貌的。
within 在之内。
You must finish the work within two weeks
你必须两周内完成这项工作。
without 没有,不,在之外。
We can't do it better without your help
没有你的帮助,我们就做不好。
We couldn't live without air and water
没有空气和水,我们就不可能生存。问题一:第四的英语怎么写? 第四 [dì sì]
[释义] fourth; fourthly; number four
[例句]他们感谢第四个仙女送上的礼物。
They thanked the fourth fairy for her gift
The Fourth Regiment deserted in a body
第四团全体开小差了。
The fourth aircraft was forced to land alongside a Dutch trawler
第四架飞机在一艘荷兰拖网渔船旁迫降。
A tarsal bone on the outer side of the foot in front of the calcaneus and behind the fourth and fifth metatarsal bones
骰骨一块脚外侧的跗骨,位于跟骨之前、第四和第五跖骨之后
That vessel shall be confiscated pursuant to the first paragraph of Article 49 of the Regulation on Vessel Registration
问题二:四季的英文怎么写? Spring 春
Summer 夏
Autumn(Fall) 秋
Winter 冬
四季 Four Seasons
问题三:4的英文是什么 four
问题四:英语的4怎么写 four
four boys 4个男孩
问题五:3/4 的英文怎么写 基数词+序数词
threequarter(s)
四分之三
two-thirds [ 'tu:'θ:dz ]
num 三分之二
英语分数的表示法:)~~
一、用“基数词+序数词”表示
分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母。
如:
1.The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter.厘米是分米的十分之一,或者说是米的百分之一。
2.However,the number of boys will bea third or less than the girls in the class.但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少。
从以上例子可以看出:分子除用one外,也可用a;如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式。但是,1/2不能说a(one)second,而要说a(one)half。例如:
3.The sum of one half,one third and one fourth of a certain number is 13某数的1/2,1/3和1/4的和是13。
1/4和3/4可以说a(one)fourth和three fourths,但常用a quarter和three quarters表示。应该注意的是,分数修饰名词时,若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数;若是可数名词,用单数或复数均可。但是,若它们在句子中作主语,则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致。例如:
4.Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen.氧气只占空气的1/5。
5.About two thirds of the students attendthe meeting.大约2/3的学生都参加了会议。
带分数也是常见的英语数词表达。所谓带分数,实际上是“整数+分数”,表达时分而述之,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词 and连接。当带分数修饰名词时,该名词通常是复数,但若名词置于整数one或a之后,则用单数。“带分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词根据临近原则要用复数。例如:
6.You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours.你应在1.25小时内完成工作。
7.The atom breaks up in丹a minute and a quarter.原子在1.25分钟内裂变。
二、用per cent等表示
表示百分之一可以说one(a)hundredth,但更常用one percent或per cent,即用百分数表示法来表达。例如:
8.Our bodies are 65percent water.我们人体含65%水分。
9.Seventy-five percent of the earth'ssur- face is covered by water.地球表面的75%被水覆盖着。
10.Eighty-five percent of the students in English department are girls.英语系85%的学生是女生。>>
问题六:4:00钟用英语单词怎么写? 来了
英文:four
美式读音:fɔːr
英式读音:fɔːr
复数:fours
例句:
1、The four were arrested by the police for theft
这四个人因为偷窃被警察抓了。
2、Runner number four reached the finish line near the end of the race
4号选手在比赛快要结束时到达了终点。
3、He could play the piano when he was four
他四岁的时候就会d钢琴了。
4、Most animals have four legs
大多数动物都有四条腿。
5、We need four chairs
我们需要四把椅子。
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