.dof(Delphi OptionFile)包含编译器、连接器的参数，以及其他在Delphi菜单命令Project->Options中可以设置的内容。
.dpr(Delphi PRoject)工程主文件。
.res资源文件。
.pas(Pascal)各个单元的源文件。
.dfm(Delphi ForM)窗体文件
首先要说说的是Delphi中一个project(工程)的结构。工程的主文件是必不可少的，扩展名为.dpr(Delphi PRoject)，格式跟一般的unit(单元)基本一样。然后在这个dpr中一般还要引用到其他的单元(在Delphi中使用“use”一词，类似C中的include)，这些单元文件一般以pas作为扩展名，格式当然就是从以前的Pascal扩展的。前面说到dpr的格式与单元文件的格式基本一样，而且dpr是整个工程程序的入口，与Pascal中是一模一样的！Delphi中使用菜单命令Project->View Source就可以查看到dpr中的内容。
另外如果工程中添加了form(窗体)，则还会有一些.dfm(Delphi ForM)文件，其实是包含窗体及其中控件属性的一个资源文件，也就是说可以像res文件一样打开。提到res文件，这种文件也是工程中常见的，里面包含程序图标、版本信息等资源，以后将会说明这种文件在不同场合的用途。
对应dpr文件一般还会有一个dof(Delphi OptionFile)和一个cfg文件。Dof文件中包含编译器、连接器的参数，以及其他在Delphi菜单命令Project->Options中可以设置的内容。Cfg文件是根据dof文件生成的编译器和连接器的命令行参数。
最后一种文件是dcu(Delphi Compiled Unit)文件，也就是已编译的单元文件，根据工程的编译器设置，里面一般还会包含调试信息等，默认设置是编译器生成调试信息到dcu中，但连接器不会把调试信息连接到exe里面。
unit U_DES{
调用时只需要调用下面两个函数即可。
function EncryStr(Str, Key: String): String
function DecryStr(Str, Key: String): String
function EncryStrHex(Str, Key: String): String
function DecryStrHex(StrHex, Key: String): String
}
interface
uses
SysUtils, Variants,strutils
type
TKeyByte = array[0..5] of Byte
TDesMode = (dmEncry, dmDecry)
function EncryStr(Str, Key: String): String
function DecryStr(Str, Key: String): String
function EncryStrHex(Str, Key: String): String
function DecryStrHex(StrHex, Key: String): String
const
BitIP: array[0..63] of Byte = //初始值置IP
(57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7,
56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8, 0,
58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6 )
BitCP: array[0..63] of Byte = //逆初始置IP-1
( 39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25,
32, 0, 40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24 )
BitExp: array[0..47] of Integer = // 位选择函数E
( 31, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8, 9,10,
11,12,11,12,13,14,15,16,15,16,17,18,19,20,19,20,
21,22,23,24,23,24,25,26,27,28,27,28,29,30,31,0 )
BitPM: array[0..31] of Byte = //置换函数P
( 15, 6,19,20,28,11,27,16, 0,14,22,25, 4,17,30, 9,
1, 7,23,13,31,26, 2, 8,18,12,29, 5,21,10, 3,24 )
sBox: array[0..7] of array[0..63] of Byte =//S盒
( ( 14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0,
15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13 ),
( 15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10,
3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5,
0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15,
13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9 ),
( 10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8,
13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1,
13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7,
1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12 ),
( 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15,
13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9,
10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4,
3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14 ),
( 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9,
14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6,
4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14,
11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3 ),
( 12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11,
10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8,
9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6,
4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13 ),
( 4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1,
13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6,
1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2,
6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12 ),
( 13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7,
1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2,
7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8,
2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11 ) )
BitPMC1: array[0..55] of Byte = //选择置换PC-1
( 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
0, 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17,
9, 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26,
18, 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35,
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14,
6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21,
13, 5, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28,
20, 12, 4, 27, 19, 11, 3 )
BitPMC2: array[0..47] of Byte =//选择置换PC-2
( 13, 16, 10, 23, 0, 4,
2, 27, 14, 5, 20, 9,
22, 18, 11, 3, 25, 7,
15, 6, 26, 19, 12, 1,
40, 51, 30, 36, 46, 54,
29, 39, 50, 44, 32, 47,
43, 48, 38, 55, 33, 52,
45, 41, 49, 35, 28, 31 )
var
subKey: array[0..15] of TKeyByte
implementation
procedure initPermutation(var inData: array of Byte)
var
newData: array[0..7] of Byte
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(newData, 8, 0)
for i := 0 to 63 do
if (inData[BitIP[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7- (BitIP[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
newData[i shr 3] := newData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
for i := 0 to 7 do inData[i] := newData[i]
end
procedure conversePermutation(var inData: array of Byte)
var
newData: array[0..7] of Byte
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(newData, 8, 0)
for i := 0 to 63 do
if (inData[BitCP[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7-(BitCP[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
newData[i shr 3] := newData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
for i := 0 to 7 do inData[i] := newData[i]
end
procedure expand(inData: array of Bytevar outData: array of Byte)
var
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(outData, 6, 0)
for i := 0 to 47 do
if (inData[BitExp[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7-(BitExp[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
outData[i shr 3] := outData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
end
procedure permutation(var inData: array of Byte)
var
newData: array[0..3] of Byte
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(newData, 4, 0)
for i := 0 to 31 do
if (inData[BitPM[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7-(BitPM[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
newData[i shr 3] := newData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
for i := 0 to 3 do inData[i] := newData[i]
end
function si(s,inByte: Byte): Byte
var
c: Byte
begin
c := (inByte and $20) or ((inByte and $1e) shr 1) or
((inByte and $01) shl 4)
Result := (sBox[s][c] and $0f)
end
procedure permutationChoose1(inData: array of Byte
var outData: array of Byte)
var
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(outData, 7, 0)
for i := 0 to 55 do
if (inData[BitPMC1[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7-(BitPMC1[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
outData[i shr 3] := outData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
end
procedure permutationChoose2(inData: array of Byte
var outData: array of Byte)
var
i: Integer
begin
FillChar(outData, 6, 0)
for i := 0 to 47 do
if (inData[BitPMC2[i] shr 3] and (1 shl (7-(BitPMC2[i] and $07)))) <>0 then
outData[i shr 3] := outData[i shr 3] or (1 shl (7-(i and $07)))
end
procedure cycleMove(var inData: array of BytebitMove: Byte)
var
i: Integer
begin
for i := 0 to bitMove - 1 do
begin
inData[0] := (inData[0] shl 1) or (inData[1] shr 7)
inData[1] := (inData[1] shl 1) or (inData[2] shr 7)
inData[2] := (inData[2] shl 1) or (inData[3] shr 7)
inData[3] := (inData[3] shl 1) or ((inData[0] and $10) shr 4)
inData[0] := (inData[0] and $0f)
end
end
procedure makeKey(inKey: array of Bytevar outKey: array of TKeyByte)
const
bitDisplace: array[0..15] of Byte =
( 1,1,2,2, 2,2,2,2, 1,2,2,2, 2,2,2,1 )
var
outData56: array[0..6] of Byte
key28l: array[0..3] of Byte
key28r: array[0..3] of Byte
key56o: array[0..6] of Byte
i: Integer
begin
permutationChoose1(inKey, outData56)
key28l[0] := outData56[0] shr 4
key28l[1] := (outData56[0] shl 4) or (outData56[1] shr 4)
key28l[2] := (outData56[1] shl 4) or (outData56[2] shr 4)
key28l[3] := (outData56[2] shl 4) or (outData56[3] shr 4)
key28r[0] := outData56[3] and $0f
key28r[1] := outData56[4]
key28r[2] := outData56[5]
key28r[3] := outData56[6]
for i := 0 to 15 do
begin
cycleMove(key28l, bitDisplace[i])
cycleMove(key28r, bitDisplace[i])
key56o[0] := (key28l[0] shl 4) or (key28l[1] shr 4)
key56o[1] := (key28l[1] shl 4) or (key28l[2] shr 4)
key56o[2] := (key28l[2] shl 4) or (key28l[3] shr 4)
key56o[3] := (key28l[3] shl 4) or (key28r[0])
key56o[4] := key28r[1]
key56o[5] := key28r[2]
key56o[6] := key28r[3]
permutationChoose2(key56o, outKey[i])
end
end
procedure encry(inData, subKey: array of Byte
var outData: array of Byte)
var
outBuf: array[0..5] of Byte
buf: array[0..7] of Byte
i: Integer
begin
expand(inData, outBuf)
for i := 0 to 5 do outBuf[i] := outBuf[i] xor subKey[i]
buf[0] := outBuf[0] shr 2
buf[1] := ((outBuf[0] and $03) shl 4) or (outBuf[1] shr 4)
buf[2] := ((outBuf[1] and $0f) shl 2) or (outBuf[2] shr 6)
buf[3] := outBuf[2] and $3f
buf[4] := outBuf[3] shr 2
buf[5] := ((outBuf[3] and $03) shl 4) or (outBuf[4] shr 4)
buf[6] := ((outBuf[4] and $0f) shl 2) or (outBuf[5] shr 6)
buf[7] := outBuf[5] and $3f
for i := 0 to 7 do buf[i] := si(i, buf[i])
for i := 0 to 3 do outBuf[i] := (buf[i*2] shl 4) or buf[i*2+1]
permutation(outBuf)
for i := 0 to 3 do outData[i] := outBuf[i]
end
procedure desData(desMode: TDesMode
inData: array of Bytevar outData: array of Byte)
// inData, outData 都为8Bytes，否则出错
var
i, j: Integer
temp, buf: array[0..3] of Byte
begin
for i := 0 to 7 do outData[i] := inData[i]
initPermutation(outData)
if desMode = dmEncry then
begin
for i := 0 to 15 do
begin
for j := 0 to 3 do temp[j] := outData[j]//temp = Ln
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j] := outData[j + 4]//Ln+1 = Rn
encry(outData, subKey[i], buf) //Rn ==Kn==>buf
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j + 4] := temp[j] xor buf[j] //Rn+1 = Ln^buf
end
for j := 0 to 3 do temp[j] := outData[j + 4]
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j + 4] := outData[j]
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j] := temp[j]
end
else if desMode = dmDecry then
begin
for i := 15 downto 0 do
begin
for j := 0 to 3 do temp[j] := outData[j]
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j] := outData[j + 4]
encry(outData, subKey[i], buf)
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j + 4] := temp[j] xor buf[j]
end
for j := 0 to 3 do temp[j] := outData[j + 4]
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j + 4] := outData[j]
for j := 0 to 3 do outData[j] := temp[j]
end
conversePermutation(outData)
end
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
function EncryStr(Str, Key: String): String
var
StrByte, OutByte, KeyByte: array[0..7] of Byte
StrResult: String
I, J: Integer
begin
if (Length(Str) >0) and (Ord(Str[Length(Str)]) = 0) then
raise Exception.Create('Error: the last char is NULL char.')
if Length(Key) <8 then
while Length(Key) <8 do Key := Key + Chr(0)
while Length(Str) mod 8 <>0 do Str := Str + Chr(0)
for J := 0 to 7 do KeyByte[J] := Ord(Key[J + 1])
makeKey(keyByte, subKey)
StrResult := ''
for I := 0 to Length(Str) div 8 - 1 do
begin
for J := 0 to 7 do
StrByte[J] := Ord(Str[I * 8 + J + 1])
desData(dmEncry, StrByte, OutByte)
for J := 0 to 7 do
StrResult := StrResult + Chr(OutByte[J])
end
Result := StrResult
end
function DecryStr(Str, Key: String): String
var
StrByte, OutByte, KeyByte: array[0..7] of Byte
StrResult: String
I, J: Integer
begin
if Length(Key) <8 then
while Length(Key) <8 do Key := Key + Chr(0)
for J := 0 to 7 do KeyByte[J] := Ord(Key[J + 1])
makeKey(keyByte, subKey)
StrResult := ''
for I := 0 to Length(Str) div 8 - 1 do
begin
for J := 0 to 7 do StrByte[J] := Ord(Str[I * 8 + J + 1])
desData(dmDecry, StrByte, OutByte)
for J := 0 to 7 do
StrResult := StrResult + Chr(OutByte[J])
end
while (Length(StrResult) >0) and
(Ord(StrResult[Length(StrResult)]) = 0) do
Delete(StrResult, Length(StrResult), 1)
Result := StrResult
end
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
function EncryStrHex(Str, Key: String): String
var
StrResult, TempResult, Temp: String
I,k: Integer
begin
TempResult := EncryStr(Str, Key)
StrResult := ''
for I := 0 to Length(TempResult) - 1 do
begin
Temp := Format('%x', [Ord(TempResult[I + 1])])
if Length(Temp) = 1 then Temp := '0' + Temp
StrResult := StrResult + Temp
end
k:=0
for i := 0 to length(StrResult) - 1 do
k:=k + ord((StrResult[i+1]))
Result := StrResult + intToHex(Byte(k),2)
end
function DecryStrHex(StrHex, Key: String): String
function HexToInt(Hex: String): Integer
var
I, Res: Integer
ch: Char
begin
Res := 0
for I := 0 to Length(Hex) - 1 do
begin
ch := Hex[I + 1]
if (ch >= '0') and (ch <= '9') then
Res := Res * 16 + Ord(ch) - Ord('0')
else if (ch >= 'A') and (ch <= 'F') then
Res := Res * 16 + Ord(ch) - Ord('A') + 10
else if (ch >= 'a') and (ch <= 'f') then
Res := Res * 16 + Ord(ch) - Ord('a') + 10
else raise Exception.Create('Error: not a Hex String')
end
Result := Res
end
var
Str, Temp: String
I,k: Integer
begin
Str := ''
if length(StrHex)<=2 then
begin
result:=''
exit
end
K:=0
for i := 0 to length(StrHex) - 3 do
k:=k + ord((StrHex[i+1]))
try
if Byte(k)<>Byte(strToInt('$' + rightStr(StrHex,2))) then
begin
result:=''
exit
end
delete(StrHex,length(StrHex)-1,2)
for I := 0 to Length(StrHex) div 2 - 1 do
begin
Temp := Copy(StrHex, I * 2 + 1, 2)
Str := Str + Chr(HexToInt(Temp))
end
Result := DecryStr(Str, Key)
except
result:=''
end
end
end.
delphi的源代码文件，通常以 .pas 为文件扩展名。
如果是 windows 程序，一般还会包含一个同名的窗体文件，以 .dfm 为扩展名。
如下图示例：
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