关于linux里的pxe的安装和配置

2、安装tftp/dhcp/vsftp

yum -y install tftp-server dhcp vsftpd

3、禁用防火墙或者开通相应的端口

设置/etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=disabled

重启或执行setenforce 0

service iptables stop

4、配置tftp-server

vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot 这里如果不修改默认是/tftpboot 会提示

PXE-T01:File not found

PXE-E3B:TFTP Error – file not found

PXE……………..

#设置disable的值由yes变为no

disable = no

/etc/init.d/xinetd restart重启xinetd服务

netstat -nulp检查tftp启动是否成功

udp0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:*

5、配置dhcp

vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf或者vi /etc/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8, 202.106.0.20

default-lease-time 86400

max-lease-time 604800

authoritative

ddns-update-style ad-hoc

filename “pxelinux.0″

subnet 192.168.209.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.209.15 192.168.209.17

next-server 192.168.209.18

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0

option broadcast-address 192.168.209.255

option routers 192.168.209.18

}

#启动dhcp

/etc/init.d/dhcpd start

#检查dhcp是否启动成功:

netstat -nulp

udp0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 4741/dhcpd

6、默认配置vsftp即可

/etc/init.d/vsftpd start

netstat -ntlp

tcp0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4680/vsftpd

7、设置ftp数据源

mount /dev/cdrom /var/ftp/pub

mount -o loop /opt/CentOS-5.9-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso /var/ftp/pub

8、PXE Boot loader (PXE引导加载程序）

pxelinux.0是syslinux套件提供的，如果没有请安装

yum install syslinux

用以下命令查看系统是否已安装和存放的目录，

rpm -ql syslinux | grep pxelinux.0

发现pxelinux.0存放在

/usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 或者/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot

把pxelinux.0复制到tftpboot

cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot

9、copy 需要引导文件

cp /var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot

cp /var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot

cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/*.msg /var/lib/tftpboot

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/

cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib//tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

10、设置开机自启动tftp-server/dhcp/vsftp

chkconfig xinetd on

chkconfig dhcpd on

chkconfig vsftpd on

service xinetd start(或者/etc/init.d/xinetd start)

service dhcpd start(或者/etc/init.d/dhcpd start)

service vsftpd start(或者/etc/init.d/vsftpd start)

11、netstat -ntul 检查服务是否正确启动

tcp0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

udp0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:*

udp0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:*

12、访问ftp://ip/pub 检查ftp是否生效

13、在其他电脑用网卡引导检查是否可以通过PXE安装CentOS/RHEL

14、无人干预安装CentOS/RHEL,这不是必须的：

用system-config-kickstart 配置ks.cfg

15、配置default文件

vi /var/lib//tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

label linux

kernel vmlinuz

append initrd=initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.209.18/ks.cfg

一，配置DHCP

1，安装dhcpd

yum install dhcp

2，修改dhcp配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim

ignore client-updates

allow booting

allow bootp

subnet 192.168.202.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.202.200 192.168.202.220

option routers 192.168.202.131

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0

default-lease-time 21600

max-lease-time 43200

next-server 192.168.202.131

filename "pxelinux.0"

}

3，启动dhcpd

chkconfig --add dhcpd

service dhcpd start

使用命令可以看到dhcpd绑定了多个端口

[root@localhost init.d]# netstat -anp | grep dhcpd

udp0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 3266/dhcpd

raw0 0 0.0.0.0:1 0.0.0.0:* 7 3266/dhcpd

unix 2 [ ]DGRAM18034 3266/dhcpd

注意：第2行raw表示绑定在ICMP协议上，协议号为1

二，配置TFTP

4，安装TFTP

yum install tftp-server

5，修改tftpd配置文件/etc/xinetd.d/tftp，ftp根目录为/var/lib/tftpboot

service tftp

{

socket_type = dgram

protocol = udp

wait = yes

user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot

disable = no

per_source = 11

cps = 100 2

flags = IPv4

}

6，启动tftp服务（端口69）

/etc/init.d/xinetd restart

三，配置引导内核

7，下载pxe引导配置文件

yum install syslinux

cp `rpm -ql syslinux | grep '/pxelinux.0'` /var/lib/tftpboot

8，拷贝网络启动的内核文件

cp /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

cp /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

修改default文件：

default linux

prompt 1

timeout 60

display boot.msg

menu background splash.jpg

menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.4!

menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000

menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000

menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000

menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000

menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000

menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff

menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000

menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label linux

menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system

menu default

kernel vmlinuz

append ks=http://192.168.202.131/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

四，配置kickstart

9，安装nginx，根目录/usr/local/nginx/html

yum install nginx

chkconfig --add nginx

service nginx start

10，拷贝 *** 作系统源文件

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/dvd

cp -R /media/CentOS_6.4_Final/* /usr/local/nginx/html/dvd/

11，下载kickstart

yum install system-config-kickstart

cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /usr/local/nginx/html/ks.cfg

chmod 755 /usr/local/nginx/html/ks.cfg （不分配权限，外部无法通过http访问，会报403）

修改ks.cfg:

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T

#version=DEVEL

# Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

# Install OS instead of upgrade

install

# Use text install

text

# Use network installation

url --url="http://192.168.202.131/dvd"

# Root password

rootpw --iscrypted $1$.IvWB.Gl$E4fI4Ez4Z8HyHRCZW5Btr0

# System authorization information

auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot

firstboot --reconfig

# System keyboard

keyboard us

# System language

lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# SELinux configuration

selinux --enforcing

# Installation logging level

logging --level=info

# System timezone

timezone Asia/Shanghai

# Network information

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes

# System bootloader configuration

bootloader --location=mbr

# Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr

# Partition clearing information

clearpart --all

# Disk partitioning information

part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200

part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1000

part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1

# Reboot after installation

reboot

%packages

@base

@core

gcc

%end

五，验证

12，修改CentOS65虚拟配置文件CentOS65.vmx，增加一行bios.bootDelay= "10000"，即表示在启动bios的时候停留10秒（否则你根本来不及按任何键的）

给CentOS65加电（打开Power），按Esc选择从Network启动