linux中ping IP可以通但是主机名不通

1、关闭防火墙；

2、修改Hosts文件：vi /etc/hosts，填入双方的主机IP和主机名；

3、重启下网卡服务：service network restart；

4、ping

linuxwindowping不通网络不可达有四种检查方法：

1、检查虚拟机与主机能否ping通。

2、检查主机能否上网。

3、用主机平网站域名获得ip地址。

4、用虚拟机ping网站ip地址。

准备环境

启动一个web服务器，提供端口.

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[wyq@localhost ~]$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080

Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...

用其它web服务器提供端口也一样，由于python比较方便，这里就用它

1、使用telnet判断

telnet是windows标准服务，可以直接用；如果是linux机器，需要安装telnet.

用法: telnet ip port

1）先用telnet连接不存在的端口

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[root@localhost ~]# telnet 10.0.250.3 80

Trying 10.0.250.3...

telnet: connect to address 10.0.250.3: Connection refused #直接提示连接被拒绝

2）再连接存在的端口

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[root@localhost ~]# telnet localhost 22

Trying ::1...

Connected to localhost. #看到Connected就连接成功了

Escape character is '^]'.

SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3

a

Protocol mismatch.

Connection closed by foreign host.

2、使用ssh判断

ssh是linux的标准配置并且最常用，可以用来判断端口吗？

用法: ssh -v -p port username@ip

-v 调试模式(会打印日志).

-p 指定端口

username可以随意

1）连接不存在端口

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[root@localhost ~]# ssh 10.0.250.3 -p 80

ssh: connect to host 10.0.250.3 port 80: Connection refused

[root@localhost ~]# ssh 10.0.250.3 -p 80 -v

OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013

debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config

debug1: Applying options for *

debug1: Connecting to 10.0.250.3 [10.0.250.3] port 80.

debug1: connect to address 10.0.250.3 port 80: Connection refused

ssh: connect to host 10.0.250.3 port 80: Connection refused

2）连接存在的端口

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[root@localhost ~]# ssh ... -p

a

^]

^C

[root@localhost ~]# ssh ... -p -v

OpenSSH_.p, OpenSSL ..e-fips Feb

debug: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config

debug: Applying options for *

debug: Connecting to ... [...] port .

debug: Connection established.

debug: permanently_set_uid: /

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/identity-cert type -

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -

debug: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -

a

^C

不用-v选项也可以咯

3、使用wget判断

wget是linux下的下载工具，需要先安装.

用法: wget ip:port

1）连接不存在的端口

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[root@localhost ~]# wget ...:

---- ::-- http://.../

Connecting to ...:... failed: Connection refused.

2）连接存在的端口

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[root@localhost ~]# wget ...:

---- ::-- http://...:/

Connecting to ...:... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response...

4、使用端口扫描工具

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[root@localhost ~]# nmap ... -p

Starting Nmap . ( http://nmap.org ) at -- : CST

Nmap scan report for ...

Host is up (.s latency).

PORT STATE SERVICE

/tcp closed http

MAC Address: B:A::CF:FD:D (Unknown)

Nmap done: IP address ( host up) scanned in . seconds

[root@localhost ~]# nmap ... -p

Starting Nmap . ( http://nmap.org ) at -- : CST

Nmap scan report for ...

Host is up (.s latency).

PORT STATE SERVICE

/tcp open http-proxy

MAC Address: B:A::CF:FD:D (Unknown)

Nmap done: IP address ( host up) scanned in . seconds

[root@localhost ~]# nmap ...

Starting Nmap . ( http://nmap.org ) at -- : CST

Nmap scan report for ...

Host is up (.s latency).

Not shown: closed ports

PORT STATE SERVICE

/tcp open ssh

/tcp open rpcbind

/tcp open http-proxy

/tcp open unknown

MAC Address: B:A::CF:FD:D (Unknown)

Nmap done: IP address ( host up) scanned in . seconds

总结

提供端口服务，则使用了tcp协议，上面是以web服务器为例。如果服务器是更简单的tcp服务器，三个工具同样适用.

三个工具的共同点是：1.以tcp协议为基础；2.能访问指定端口. 遵循这两点可以找到很多工具.

一般在windows下使用telnet比较方便，linux下个人就比较喜欢用wget.

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