CentOS 8 包仓库中目前还没有提供tomcat相关包
CentOS 7 yum仓库源中自带的Tomcat 7.0版本安装,此方式安装tomcat版本较低,不推荐
范例:在CentOS 7 上安装tomcat
[root@centos7 ~]#yum list tomcat* Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: Available Packages tomcat.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-admin-webapps.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-docs-webapp.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-el-2.2-api.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-javadoc.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-jsp-2.2-api.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-jsvc.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-lib.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-native.x86_64 1.2.21-1.el7 epel tomcat-servlet-3.0-api.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcat-webapps.noarch 7.0.76-9.el7_6 base tomcatjss.noarch 7.2.1-8.el7_6 base [root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install tomcat tomcat-webapps tomcat-admin-webapps [root@centos7 ~]#systemctl enable --now tomcat Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/tomcat.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service. [root@centos7 ~]#ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 [::]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 0 100 [::]:8080 [::]:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@centos7 ~]#getent passwd tomcat tomcat:x:53:53:Apache Tomcat:/usr/share/tomcat:/sbin/nologin [root@centos7 ~]#ps aux|grep tomcat tomcat 1328 0.4 11.2 2298188 112004 ? Ssl 21:32 0:11 /usr/lib/jvm/jre/bin/java -classpath /usr/share/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar:/usr/share/java/commons-daemon.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/share/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/share/tomcat -Djava.endorsed.dirs= -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/cachetomcat/temp -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/share/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start root 1521 0.0 0.0 112712 960 pts/0 R+ 22:15 0:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
打开浏览器访问:http://tomcat:8080/
可以从Apache官网下载二进制tomcat包8.x.x,推荐此方式
下载并安装#官网或镜像网站下载:https://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi [root@centos8 ~]#wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.50/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz [root@centos8 ~]#tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.50.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@centos8 ~]#cd /usr/local/ [root@centos8 local]#ln -s apache-tomcat-8.5.50/ tomcat [root@centos8 ~]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:PATH'>/etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh [root@centos8 ~]#. /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh [root@centos8 ~]#echoPATH /usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/jdk/bin:/root/bin [root@centos8 ~]#startup.sh Using CATALINA_base: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. [root@centos8 ~]#ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8009 *:* #查看进程是以root启动的 [root@centos8 ~]#ps aux|grep tomcat root 12994 34.1 9.4 2155140 76912 pts/0 Sl 22:38 0:02 /usr/local/jdk/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start root 13039 0.0 0.1 12108 1076 pts/0 R+ 22:38 0:00 grep --color=auto tomcat [root@centos8 ~]#shutdown.sh Using CATALINA_base: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar [root@centos8 ~]#ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@centos8 ~]#catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_base: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. [root@centos8 ~]#ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:* LISTEN 0 100 *:8009 *:* [root@centos8 ~]#catalina.sh stop Using CATALINA_base: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jre Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
打开浏览器访问:http://tomcat:8080/,正常可以看到以下界面
扩展知识:tomcat和catalina关系
Tomcat的servlet容器在4.X版本中被Craig McClanahan重新设计为Catalina.即Catalina就是servlet容器。 Tomcat的核心分为3个部分: (1)Web容器—处理静态页面; (2)catalina — 一个servlet容器—–处理servlet; (3)还有就是JSP容器,它就是把jsp页面翻译成一般的servlet Catalina是美国西海岸靠近洛杉矶22英里的一个小岛,因为其风景秀丽而著名,曾被评为全美最漂亮的小岛。Servlet运行模块的最早开发者Craig McClanahan因为喜欢Catalina岛故以Catalina命名他所开这个模块,另外在开发的早期阶段,Tomcat是被搭建在一个叫Avalon的服务器框架上,而Avalon则是Catalina岛上的一个小镇的名字,于是想一个与小镇名字相关联的单词也是自然而然。设计者估计是想把tomcat设计成最美的轻量级容器吧。下图为该小岛。
#创建tomcat专用帐户 [root@centos8 ~]#usermod -r -s /sbin/nologin tomcat #准备service文件中相关环境文件 [root@centos8 ~]#vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf [root@centos8 ~]#cat /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre [root@centos8 ~]#chown -R tomcat.tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/ #创建tomcat.service文件 [root@centos8 ~]#vim /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service [root@centos8 ~]#cat /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service [Unit] Description=Tomcat #After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target After=syslog.target network.target [Service] Type=forking EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh PrivateTmp=true User=tomcat [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@centos8 ~]#systemctl daemon-reload [root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enable --now tomcat Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/tomcat.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service. [root@centos8 ~]#systemctl status tomcat ● tomcat.service - Tomcat Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-02-08 23:37:02 CST; 5s ago Process: 14312 ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 14320 (java) Tasks: 43 (limit: 4895) Memory: 64.2M CGroup: /system.slice/tomcat.service └─14320 /usr/local/jdk/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging> Feb 08 23:37:02 centos8.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat... Feb 08 23:37:02 centos8.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Tomcat.
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