Python爬虫实现网页信息抓取功能示例

Python爬虫实现网页信息抓取功能示例,第1张

Python爬虫实现网页信息抓取功能示例

本文实例讲述了Python爬虫实现网页信息抓取功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

首先实现关于网页解析、读取等 *** 作我们要用到以下几个模块

import urllib
import urllib2
import re

我们可以尝试一下用readline方法读某个网站,比如说百度

def test():
  f=urllib.urlopen('http://www.baidu.com')
  while True:
   firstLine=f.readline()
   print firstLine

下面我们说一下如何实现网页信息的抓取,比如说百度贴吧

我们大概要做几件事情:

首先获取网页及其代码,这里我们要实现多页,即其网址会改变,我们传递一个页数

  def getPage(self,pageNum):
     try:
 url=self.baseURL+self.seeLZ+'&pn='+str(pageNum)
 #创建request对象
 request=urllib2.Request(url)
 response=urllib2.urlopen(request)
 #print 'URL:'+url
 return response.read()
     except Exception,e:
 print e

之后我们要获取小说内容,这里咱们分为标题和正文。标题每页都有,所以我们获取一次就好了。

我们可以点击某网站,按f12查看他的标题标签是如何构造的,比如说百度贴吧是…………</p> <p>那我们就<strong class="superseo"><a href="/tag/17215.html" class="superseo">匹配</a></strong>reg=re.compile(r'<title>(.*?)。')来抓取这个信息</p> <p>标题抓取完我们要开始抓去正文了,我们知道正文会有很多段,所以我们要循环的去抓取整个items,这里我们注意</p> <p>对于文本的读写 *** 作,一定要放在循环外。同时加入一些去除超链接、<br>等机制</p> <p>最后,我们在主函数调用即可</p> <p>完整代码:</p> <pre class="brush:python;toolbar:false"> # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8') #爬虫之网页信息抓取 #需要的函数方法:urllib,re,urllib2 import urllib import urllib2 import re #测试函数->读取 #def test(): # f=urllib.urlopen('http://www.baidu.com') # while True: # firstLine=f.readline() # print firstLine #针对于百度贴吧获取前十页楼主小说文本内容 class BDTB: def __init__(self,baseUrl,seeLZ): #成员变量 self.baseURL=baseUrl self.seeLZ='?see_lz='+str(seeLZ) #获取该页帖子的代码 def getPage(self,pageNum): try: url=self.baseURL+self.seeLZ+'&pn='+str(pageNum) #创建request对象 request=urllib2.Request(url) response=urllib2.urlopen(request) #print 'URL:'+url return response.read() except Exception,e: print e #匹配标题 def Title(self): html=self.getPage(1) #compile提高正则匹配效率 reg=re.compile(r'<title>(.*?)。') #返回list列表 items=re.findall(reg,html) f=open('output.txt','w+') item=('').join(items) f.write('ttttt'+item.encode('gbk')) f.close() #匹配正文 def Text(self,pageNum): html=self.getPage(pageNum) #compile提高正则匹配效率 reg=re.compile(r'"d_post_content j_d_post_content ">(.*?)') #返回list列表 items=re.findall(reg,html) f=open('output.txt','a+') #[1:]切片,第一个元素不需要,去掉。 for i in items[1:]: #超链接去除 removeAddr=re.compile('|') #用""替换 i=re.sub(removeAddr,"",i) #<br>去除 i=i.replace('<br>','') f.write('nn'+i.encode('gbk')) f.close() #调用入口 baseURL='http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4638659116' bdtb=BDTB(baseURL,1) print '爬虫正在启动....'.encode('gbk') #多页 bdtb.Title() print '抓取标题完毕!'.encode('gbk') for i in range(1,11): print '正在抓取第%02d页'.encode('gbk')%i bdtb.Text(i) print '抓取正文完毕!'.encode('gbk') </pre> <p><strong>PS:这里再为大家提供2款非常方便的正则表达式工具供大家参考使用:</strong></p> <p><strong>Javascript正则表达式在线测试工具:<br /> </strong>http://tools.jb51.net/regex/javascript</p> <p><strong>正则表达式在线生成工具:<br /> </strong>http://tools.jb51.net/regex/create_reg</p> <p>更多关于Python相关内容可查看本站专题:《Python正则表达式用法总结》、《Python数据结构与算法教程》、《Python Socket编程技巧总结》、《Python函数使用技巧总结》、《Python字符串 *** 作技巧汇总》、《Python入门与进阶经典教程》及《Python文件与目录 *** 作技巧汇总》</p> <p>希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。</p> <div class="entry-copyright"> <p>欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:<a href="http://outofmemory.cn" title="内存溢出">内存溢出</a></p><p>原文地址: <a href="http://outofmemory.cn/zaji/3315260.html" title="Python爬虫实现网页信息抓取功能示例">http://outofmemory.cn/zaji/3315260.html</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="entry-tag"> <a href="/tag/17641.html" rel="tag">抓取</a> <a href="/tag/305.html" rel="tag">爬虫</a> <a href="/tag/17215.html" rel="tag">匹配</a> <a href="/tag/17055.html" rel="tag">标题</a> <a href="/tag/17095.html" rel="tag">网页</a> </div> <div class="entry-action"> <a id="thread-like" class="btn-zan" href="javascript:;" tid="3315260"> <i class="wpcom-icon wi"> <svg aria-hidden="true"> <use 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