Netty——服务器启动源码分析

Netty——服务器启动源码分析 摘要

本博文主要分析服务器的启动的源码，主要分析ChannelFuture f = b.bind(8888).sync()原理。

服务器启动代码

public final class SimpleServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new SimpleServerHandler())
                    .childHandler(new SimpleServerInitializer())
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);

            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(8888).sync();

            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

ChannelFuture f = b.bind(8888).sync() AbstractBootstrap.java

public ChannelFuture bind(int inetPort) {
    return bind(new InetSocketAddress(inetPort));
}

public ChannelFuture bind(SocketAddress localAddress) {
    validate();
    //相关参数的检查
    if (localAddress == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("localAddress");
    }
    //绑定方法
    return doBind(localAddress);
}

validate()方法

//函数功能：检查相关参数是否设置了
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public B validate() {
    //这里的group指的是：b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)代码中的bossGroup
    if (group == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("group not set");
    }

    if (channelFactory == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("channel or channelFactory not set");
    }
    return (B) this;
}

该方法主要检查了两个参数，一个是group，一个是channelFactory，在这里可以想一想这两个参数是在哪里以及何时被赋值的？答案是在如下代码块中被赋值的，其中是将bossGroup赋值给了group,将BootstrapChannelFactory赋值给了channelFactory。

ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
                b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                 .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)

doBind(localAddress)方法

private ChannelFuture doBind(final SocketAddress localAddress) {
    final ChannelFuture regFuture = initAndRegister();//1
    final Channel channel = regFuture.channel();//2
    if (regFuture.cause() != null) {
        return regFuture;
    }

    final ChannelPromise promise;
    if (regFuture.isDone()) {
        promise = channel.newPromise();
        doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);
    } else {
        // Registration future is almost always fulfilled already, but just in case it's not.
        promise = new PendingRegistrationPromise(channel);
        regFuture.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
            @Override
            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
                doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);
            }
        });
    }

    return promise;
}

doBind这个函数是我们要分析的重点，这个函数的主要工作有如下几点：

• 1、通过initAndRegister()方法得到一个ChannelFuture的实例regFuture。
• 2、通过regFuture.cause()方法判断是否在执行initAndRegister方法时产生来异常。如果产生来异常，则直接返回，如果没有产生异常则进行第3步。
• 3、通过regFuture.isDone()来判断initAndRegister方法是否执行完毕，如果执行完毕来返回true，然后调用doBind0进行socket绑定。如果没有执行完毕则返回false进行第4步。
• 4、regFuture会添加一个ChannelFutureListener监听，当initAndRegister执行完成时，调用operationComplete方法并执行doBind0进行socket绑定。

第3、4点想干的事就是一个：调用doBind0方法进行socket绑定。

initAndRegister()

final ChannelFuture initAndRegister() {
    //结论：这里的channel为一个NioServerSocketChannel对象，具体分析见后面
    final Channel channel = channelFactory().newChannel();//1
    try {
        init(channel);//2
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        channel.unsafe().closeForcibly();
        // as the Channel is not registered yet we need to force the usage of the GlobalEventExecutor
        return new DefaultChannelPromise(channel, GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE).setFailure(t);
    }

    ChannelFuture regFuture = group().register(channel);//3
    if (regFuture.cause() != null) {
        if (channel.isRegistered()) {
            channel.close();
        } else {
            channel.unsafe().closeForcibly();
        }
    }
    return regFuture;
}