mysql如何更改数据库字符编码?借助客户端工具很容易就可以更改了,下面来看一下。
01打开navicat客户端工具,在左边找到要更改的数据库。
02右键点击这个数据库,在菜单上点击数据库属性选项。
03在d出的属性窗口上,点击默认字符集下的下拉框。
04在d出的下拉选项里,点击选中要使用的字符集就行了,比如选择常用的utf8字符集,点击ok按钮就行了。
1. 查看MySQL数据库的默认编码有如下两种方式,
(1)使用status命令
mysql>status
图1 status命令
(2)使用show variables命令
mysql>show variables like 'char%'
图2 show variables命令
如果要查看某个数据库的编码,在运行上面的命令前,应先执行use db_name命令切换数据库(db_name为要查看的数据库名)。
2. 改变MySQL数据库的默认编码
安装MySQL数据库时的默认编码是latin1,实际使用时可能要使用其他编码。下文描述如何将默认编码改为utf8:
首先修改MySQL的配置文件/etc/mysql/my.cnf:
在[client]下追加:
default-character-set=utf8
在[mysqld]下追加:
character-set-server=utf8
在[mysql]下追加:
default-character-set=utf8
修改完毕后,使用如下命令之一重启mysql服务:
service mysql restart
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
改变后,之前手工创建的数据库如未显式指定编码,则其编码仍是默认的latin1,可使用如下命令更改编码:
mysql>alter database db_name CHARACTER SET utf8
参考资料:
[1] http://www.2cto.com/os/201404/292378.html
查看字符集设置mysql>show variables like 'collation_%'
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value|
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database| utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>show variables like 'character_set_%'
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8|
| character_set_connection | utf8|
| character_set_database| utf8|
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8|
| character_set_server | utf8|
| character_set_system | utf8|
| character_sets_dir| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>
其他的一些设置方法:
修改数据库的字符集
mysql>use mydb
mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8
创建数据库指定数据库的字符集
mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8
通过配置文件修改:
修改/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
default-character-set=latin1
default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci
为
default-character-set=utf8
default-collation=utf8_general_ci
重起MySQL:
[root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart
通过MySQL命令行修改:
mysql>set character_set_client=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set character_set_connection=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set character_set_database=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set character_set_results=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set character_set_server=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set character_set_system=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>set collation_connection=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>set collation_database=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>set collation_server=utf8
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
查看:
mysql>show variables like 'character_set_%'
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8|
| character_set_connection | utf8|
| character_set_database| utf8|
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8|
| character_set_server | utf8|
| character_set_system | utf8|
| character_sets_dir| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.03 sec)
mysql>show variables like 'collation_%'
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value|
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database| utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.04 sec)
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