CentOs怎样安装mysql,求详细步骤,linux菜鸟什么都不知道,安装成功追加100分

CentOs怎样安装mysql,求详细步骤,linux菜鸟什么都不知道,安装成功追加100分,第1张

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x

# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).

old_passwords=1  ← 找到这一行,在这一行的下面添加新的规则,让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8

default-character-set = utf8  ← 添加这一行

然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句:

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

然后我就直接启动mysql了,还以为是Ubuntu的那样呢,安装后自动启动,可是centos不一样,服务没有启动所以就抱错了。

复制代码代码如下:

[root@fsailing1 init.d]# mysql -u root

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

这个错误之前遇到过,就是因为错误或者其他的什么原因,mysql服务器没有启动造成的。

接着启动mysql服务:

复制代码代码如下:

root@fsailing1 init.d]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start

启动 MySQL: [确定]

[root@fsailing1 init.d]# ps -ef |grep mysql

root 1949 1 0 22:21 pts/100:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --user=mysql

mysql 2002 1949 1 22:21 pts/100:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --skip-external-locking --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root 2020 1101 0 22:21 pts/100:00:00 grep mysql

启动方式有很多种:service方式service mysqld start 和安全方式:/usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

通过启动服务的后缀我们可以清楚的看到,数据库放在那里,错误日志在哪里,

完事之后,要看看字符集的问题(这个问题至今我还没有搞清楚呢)。是否匹配:

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>show variables like 'character%'

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name| Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | latin1 |

| character_set_connection | latin1 |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results| latin1 |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这种情况是不行的,我们只是改变了服务器的字符集,没有改变客户端的字符集。

修改my.cnf文件后,重启mysql服务器后得知:

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>show variables like 'character%'

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name| Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results| utf8 |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这样就算是完成了,字符集的配置了。然后呢就是密码和授权问题了。

查看用户密码:

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>select host, user ,password from user

+-----------+------+----------+

| host | user | password |

+-----------+------+----------+

| localhost | root | |

| fsailing1 | root | |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | |

| localhost | | |

| fsailing1 | | |

+-----------+------+----------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这里用户和密码有的是空的,怪不得不需要任何验证都能够登录到服务器上去,这是很不安全的。所以要删除这些不安全的用户

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>delete from user where user=''

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>select host, user ,password from user

+-----------+------+----------+

| host | user | password |

+-----------+------+----------+

| localhost | root | |

| fsailing1 | root | |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | |

+-----------+------+----------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

然后是设置现有的用户密码:这里可以update,set都行。

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>update user set password='123' where host='localhost'

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql>select host, user ,password from user

+-----------+------+----------+

| host | user | password |

+-----------+------+----------+

| localhost | root | 123 |

| fsailing1 | root | |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | |

+-----------+------+----------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这里我一看傻眼了,没有经过md5码加密呢,算了这里还只能用set进行设置密码呢。

复制代码代码如下:

mysql>set password for root@localhost=password('123')

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>select host, user ,password from user

+-----------+------+------------------+

| host | user | password |

+-----------+------+------------------+

| localhost | root | 773359240eb9a1d9 |

| fsailing1 | root | |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | |

+-----------+------+------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

到这里该做的基本上就算是完事了。

---------------------------------我只是搬运工

RedHat Linux (Fedora Core/Cent OS)

1.启动:/etc/init.d/mysqld start

2.停止:/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

3.重启:/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Debian / Ubuntu Linux

1.启动:/etc/init.d/mysql start

2.停止:/etc/init.d/mysql stop

3.重启:/etc/init.d/mysql restart

Windows

1.点击“开始”->“运行”(快捷键Win+R)

2.启动:输入 net stop mysql

3.停止:输入 net start mysql

提示

Redhat Linux 也支持service command,

启动:# service mysqld start

停止:# service mysqld stop

重启:# service mysqld restart

Windows下不能直接重启(restart),只能先停止,再启动。

阿里云安装mysql

有话好说,以下是CentOS Linux 5的配置经验:

添加mysql帐号

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

编译必需先安装

cmake-2.8.4 和 bison-2.4.3

安装成功后解压mysql-5.5.15.tar.gz:

在源码根目录打开终端输入以下配置参数并回车

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/etc/mysql \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/etc/mysql/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysql/data \

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

成功执行以下命令后在最后会见到 (/root/Desktop/是你的源码目录,视你的情况定)

-- Build files have been written to: /root/Desktop/mysql-5.5.15

运行make安装:

make

make install

以下步骤就不一一解说了:

cd /mysql/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql .

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

chown -R root .

chown -R mysql data

cp ./support-files/my-small.cnf ./my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server mysqlchmod +x mysql

chown -R mysql:root .

./mysql start

./bin/mysqladmin -u root -p 123456

添加开机启动服务

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig mysql on

service mysql start

顺利的话到这里完成了,祝你成功。


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