语法形式如下:
基本思想就是:在JS动态创建select控件的option,通过Ajax获取在PHP从SQL数据库获取的省市区信息,代码有点长,但很多都是类似的,例如JS中省、市、区获取方法类似,PHP中通过参数不同执行不同的select语句。
index.html代码:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>省市区三级联动</title>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html charset=gb2312">
<script src="scripts/thumbnails.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
thumbnails.js代码:
window.onload = getProvincefunction createRequest() {//Ajax于PHP交互需要对象
try {
request = new XMLHttpRequest()//创建一个新的请求对象
} catch (tryMS) {
try {
request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP")
} catch (otherMS) {
try {
request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP")
} catch (failed) {
request = null
}
}
}
return request
}
function sech(id) {//省市改变时触发,select的onchange事件
var aa = document.getElementById(id)
if(id=="sheng"){
getCity(aa.value)//这里aa.value为省的id
}
if(id=="shi")
{
getCounty(aa.value)//这里aa.value为市的id
}
}
function getProvince() {//获取所有省
request = createRequest()
if (request == null) {
alert("Unable to create request")
return
}
var url= "getDetails.php?ID=0"//ID=0时传递至PHP时让其获取所有省
request.open("GET", url, true)
request.onreadystatechange = displayProvince //设置回调函数
request.send(null) //发送请求
}
function getCity(id){//获取省对应的市
request = createRequest()
if (request == null) {
alert("Unable to create request")
return
}
var url= "getDetails.php?ID=" + escape(id)
request.open("GET", url, true)
request.onreadystatechange = displayCity
request.send(null)
}
function getCounty(id){//获取市对应的区
request = createRequest()
if (request == null) {
alert("Unable to create request")
return
}
var url= "getDetails.php?ID=" + escape(id)
request.open("GET", url, true)
request.onreadystatechange = displayCounty
request.send(null)
}
function displayProvince() {//将获取的数据动态增加至select
if (request.readyState == 4) {
if (request.status == 200) {
var a=new Array
var b=request.responseText//将PHP返回的数据赋值给b
a=b.split(",")//通过","将这一数据保存在数组a中
document.getElementById("sheng").length=1
var obj=document.getElementById("sheng')
for(i=0i
obj.options.add(new Option(a[i],i+1)) //动态生成OPTION加到select中,第一个参数为Text,第二个参数为Value值.
}
}
}
function displayCity() {//将获取的数据动态增加至select
if (request.readyState == 4) {
if (request.status == 200) {
var a=new Array
var b=request.responseText
a=b.split(",")
document.getElementById("shi").length=1//重新选择
document.getElementById("xian").length=1//重新选择
if(document.getElementById("sheng").value!="province"){
var obj=document.getElementById('shi')
for(i=0i
obj.options.add(new Option(a[i], document.getElementById("sheng").value*100+i+1)) //ocument.getElementById("sheng").value*100+i+1对应的是市的ID。
}
}
}
}
function displayCounty() {//将获取的数据增加至select
if (request.readyState == 4) {
if (request.status == 200) {
var a=new Array
var b=request.responseText
a=b.split(",")
document.getElementById("xian").length=1
if(document.getElementById("sheng").value!="province"&&document.getElementById("shi").value!="city"){
var obj=document.getElementById('xian')
for(i=0i
obj.options.add(new Option(a[i],i+1001))
}
}
}
}
getDetails.php代码:
<?phpheader("Content-Type: text/html charset=gb2312")
$conn = new COM("ADODB.Connection") or die("Cannot start ADO")
$connstr = "Provider=SQLOLEDBPersist Security Info=FalseUser ID=rootPassword=123456Initial Catalog=areaData Source=localhost"
if($_REQUEST['ID']==0){//获得省列表
$conn->Open($connstr) //建立数据库连接
$sqlstr = "select name from Province" //设置查询字符串
$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr) //执行查询获得结果
$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count() //得到数据集列数
$Province=array()
$i=0
while (!$rs->EOF) {
$Province[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.","
$rs->MoveNext()
$i++
}
foreach($Province as $val)
echo $val
$conn->Close()
$rs = null
$conn = null
}
if($_REQUEST['ID']>0&&$_REQUEST['ID']<35){//获得省对应的市列表
$conn->Open($connstr) //建立数据库连接
$sqlstr = "select name from City where cid=".$_REQUEST['ID'] //设置查询字符串
$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr) //执行查询获得结果
$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count() //得到数据集列数
$City=array()
$i=0
while (!$rs->EOF) {
$City[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.","
$rs->MoveNext()
$i++
}
foreach($City as $val)
echo $val
$conn->Close()
$rs = null
$conn = null
}
if($_REQUEST['ID']>100){//获得省市对应的县列表
$conn->Open($connstr) //建立数据库连接
$sqlstr = "select name from County where cid=".$_REQUEST['ID'] //设置查询字符串
$rs = $conn->Execute($sqlstr) //执行查询获得结果
$num_cols = $rs->Fields->Count() //得到数据集列数
$County=array()
$i=0
while (!$rs->EOF) {
$County[$i]=$rs->Fields['name']->Value.","
$rs->MoveNext()
$i++
}
foreach($County as $val)
echo $val
$conn->Close()
$rs = null
$conn = null
}
?>
数据库设计,表格Province表,City表,County表。
要求:Province表需要id和name,id建议从1至34,例如北京id为1,广东id为2,以此类推;
City表需要id,name和cid,id为cid*100+1,cid为该市的上级,例如深圳的上级为广东省,cid为2的话,深圳的id就是201,以此类推。
County表需要id,name和cid,因为是三级的关系,id可以随意,建议从10001开始自增。cid为所在上级,例如宝安区的cid为201,龙岗区的cid也为201;
截图:
HTML效果:
完成后效果:
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