市场营销外文参考文献

2、（美）约翰.A.昆奇著，吕一林译，?市场营销管理—教程与案例?北京.北京大学出版社，2000

3、查尔斯.戴克著，李圣贤译宝洁的观点内蒙古.内蒙古人民出版社1999

4、JamesAFitzsimmons著，张金成范秀成译，《服务管理》，北京.机械工业出版社2000

5、RaymondP.Fisk等著，张金成等译，《互动服务营销》北京.机械工业出版社2000

6.菲利普??科特勒.营销管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2001

wikipedia "marketing" 有非常多的连结

中英文都有

Marketing is an integrated communications-based process through which individuals and communities discover that existing and newly-identified needs and wants may be satisfied by the products and services of others.

Marketing is defined by the American Marketing Association as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. The term developed from the original meaning which referred literally to going to market, as in shopping, or going to a market to buy or sell goods or services.

Marketing practice tends to be seen as a creative industry, which includes advertising, distribution and selling. It is also concerned with anticipating the customers' future needs and wants, which are often discovered through market research. Seen from a systems point of view, sales process engineering views marketing as a set of processes that are interconnected and interdependent with other functions, whose methods can be improved using a variety of relatively new approaches.

Marketing is influenced by many of the social sciences, particularly psychology, sociology, and economics. Anthropology and neuroscience are also small but growing influences. Market research underpins these activities through advertising, it is also related to many of the creative arts. The marketing literature is also infamous for re-inventing itself and its vocabulary according to the times and the culture.

Four Ps

Main article: Marketing mix

In the early 1960s, Professor Neil Borden at Harvard Business School identified a number of company performance actions that can influence the consumer decision to purchase goods or services. Borden suggested that all those actions of the company represented a “Marketing Mix”. Professor E. Jerome McCarthy, also at the Harvard Business School in the early 1960s, suggested that the Marketing Mix contained 4 elements: product, price, place and promotion.

* Product: The product aspects of marketing deal with the specifications of the actual goods or services, and how it relates to the end-user's needs and wants. The scope of a product generally includes supporting elements such as warranties, guarantees, and support.

* Pricing: This refers to the process of setting a price for a product, including discounts. The price need not be monetaryit can simply be what is exchanged for the product or services, e.g. time, energy, or attention. Methods of setting prices optimally are in the domain of pricing science.

* Placement (or distribution): refers to how the product gets to the customerfor example, point-of-sale placement or retailing. This third P has also sometimes been called Place, referring to the channel by which a product or service is sold (e.g. online vs. retail), which geographic region or industry, to which segment (young adults, families, business people), etc. also referring to how the environment in which the product is sold in can affect sales.

* Promotion: This includes advertising, sales promotion, publicity, and personal selling. Branding refers to the various methods of promoting the product, brand, or company.

1.Phillip. Kotler: "Marketing Management", Shanghai People's Publishing House 2003

2. Ji: "Marketing Guide", published by Renmin University of China, 1989

3. Michael. Porter: "competitive advantage", Huaxia Publishing House 2001

4. Hoang steel made: "Marketing", the Shanghai Financial Publishing 2003

5. Tai Wang: "Marketing in China", Guangzhou Publishing House, 2001 Edition

6. Lan Ling, editor-in-chief "of Marketing", the Central Radio and Television University Press

7. Wu and: "Marketing", Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Publishing House 2002

8.song xiaomin: "marketing case examples and analysis," Wuhan University Press, 1992

9.qu yunbo: "marketing strategy planning," China Business Press, 1994

10. Mr Chan Kin-ping, such as: "Planning and design planning book" The Chinese People's University Press .2002

11. Li: "planning Wang," Capital University of Economics Press, 1997

12.kotler ,Armstrong Principles of Marketing (9th ed),prentice-Hall,inc,2001

13. Philip Kotler Marketing Management (10th ed), prentice-Hall,inc,2000

14. Payne,A.chritopher,M.and Peck,H.(1998)Relationship Mketing For

Competitive.Oxford,CIM/Butterworth－Heinemaan.

15. Perreault,McCarthy.Basic Marketing (12th ed),Richard D Irwin 1996

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