框架:MyBatis

框架:MyBatis,第1张

文章目录
  • 一、入门
    • 1.什么是Mybatis?
    • 2.MyBatis开发步骤
    • 3.MyBatis的映射文件概述
    • 4. 标签
      • (1)environments标签
      • (2)mapper标签
      • (3)Properties标签
      • (4)typeAliases标签
      • (5)typeHandlers标签
      • (5)plugins标签
    • 5.代理开发方式介绍
    • 6.MyBatis映射文件深入
  • 二、多表查询
    • 1.没有注解
      • (1)一对一查询
      • (2)一对多查询
      • (3)多对多查询
    • 2.注解
      • (1)一对一查询
      • (2)一对多查询
      • (3)多对多查询
  • 三、demo执行步骤
    • 1.进行环境的搭建
    • 2.数据库表的创建
    • 3.实体类的创建
    • 4.选择注解配置或者xml文件配置
      • (1)xml文件配置
      • (2)注解配置
  • 总结


一、入门 1.什么是Mybatis?

mybatis 是一个优秀的基于java的持久层框架,它内部封装了jdbc,使开发者只需要关注sql语句本身,而不需要花费精力去处理加载驱动、创建连接、创建statement等繁杂的过程。

2.MyBatis开发步骤
  • 添加MyBatis的坐标
  • 创建user数据表
  • 编写User实体类
  • 编写映射文件UserMapper.xml
  • 编写核心文件SqlMapConfig.xml
  • 编写测试类

举例

  • 环境搭建
    • 导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标
    • 创建user数据表
    • 编写User实体
    • 编写UserMapper映射文件
    • 编写MyBatis核心文件
  • 编写测试代码

导入MyBatis的坐标和其他相关坐标


<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
    <artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
    <version>3.4.5version>
dependency>

<dependency>    
    <groupId>mysqlgroupId>   
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>    
    <version>5.1.6version>    
    <scope>runtimescope>
dependency>

<dependency>    
    <groupId>junitgroupId>    
    <artifactId>junitartifactId>    
    <version>4.12version>    
    <scope>testscope>
dependency>

<dependency>    
    <groupId>log4jgroupId>    
    <artifactId>log4jartifactId>    
    <version>1.2.12version>
dependency>

编写UserMapper映射文件


DOCTYPE mapper        
	PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"        
	"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="userMapper">    
	<select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">        
		select * from User    
	select>
mapper>

编写MyBatis核心文件


<configuration>    
	<environments default="development">        
		<environment id="development">            
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>            
			<dataSource type="POOLED">                
				<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
				<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"/>                
				<property name="username" value="root"/>
				<property name="password" value="123456"/>            
			dataSource>        
		environment>    
	environments>    
	<mappers> 
		<mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/> 
	mappers>
configuration>

3.MyBatis的映射文件概述


mybatis事务默认不提交,跟jdbc不一样!!!!需加一句:sqlSession.commit() !!!

4. 标签 (1)environments标签

  • 事务管理器(transactionManager)类型有两种
    • JDBC
    • MANAGED
  • 数据源(dataSource)类型有三种
    • UNPOOLED
    • POOLED
    • JNDI
(2)mapper标签

该标签的作用是加载映射的,加载方式有如下几种

  • 使用相对于类路径的资源引用:
  • 使用完全限定资源定位符(URL):
  • 使用映射器接口实现类的完全限定类名:
  • 将包内的映射器接口实现全部注册为映射器:
(3)Properties标签

(4)typeAliases标签

自定义别名

注意它的存放顺序

(5)typeHandlers标签

开发步骤:

  • 定义转换类继承类BaseTypeHandler
  • 覆盖4个未实现的方法,其中setNonNullParameter为java程序设置数据到数据库的回调方法,getNullableResult为查询时 mysql的字符串类型转换成 java的Type类型的方法
public class MyDateTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<Date> {
    public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement preparedStatement, int i, Date date, JdbcType type) {
        preparedStatement.setString(i,date.getTime()+"");
    }
    public Date getNullableResult(ResultSet resultSet, String s) throws SQLException {
        return new Date(resultSet.getLong(s));
    }
    public Date getNullableResult(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
        return new Date(resultSet.getLong(i));
    }
    public Date getNullableResult(CallableStatement callableStatement, int i) throws SQLException {
        return callableStatement.getDate(i);
    }
}
  • 在MyBatis核心配置文件中进行注册

<typeHandlers>
    <typeHandler handler="com.itheima.typeHandlers.MyDateTypeHandler">typeHandler>
typeHandlers>
(5)plugins标签

开发步骤:

  • 导入通用PageHelper坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.pagehelpergroupId>
    <artifactId>pagehelperartifactId>
    <version>3.7.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.jsqlparsergroupId>
    <artifactId>jsqlparserartifactId>
    <version>0.9.1version>
dependency>
  • 在mybatis核心配置文件中配置PageHelper插件

<plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageHelper">
    
    <property name="dialect" value="mysql"/>
plugin>
  • 测试分页代码实现
@Test
public void testPageHelper(){
    //设置分页参数
    PageHelper.startPage(1,2);
    List<User> select = userMapper2.select(null);
    for(User user : select){
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

获得分页相关的其他参数

//其他分页的数据
PageInfo<User> pageInfo = new PageInfo<User>(select);
System.out.println("总条数:"+pageInfo.getTotal());
System.out.println("总页数:"+pageInfo.getPages());
System.out.println("当前页:"+pageInfo.getPageNum());
System.out.println("每页显示长度:"+pageInfo.getPageSize());
System.out.println("是否第一页:"+pageInfo.isIsFirstPage());
System.out.println("是否最后一页:"+pageInfo.isIsLastPage());
5.代理开发方式介绍

Mapper 接口开发需要遵循以下规范:

  • Mapper.xml文件中的namespace与mapper接口的全限定名相同
  • Mapper接口方法名和Mapper.xml中定义的每个statement的id相同
  • Mapper接口方法的输入参数类型和mapper.xml中定义的每个sql的parameterType的类型相同
  • Mapper接口方法的输出参数类型和mapper.xml中定义的每个sql的resultType的类型相同

编写UserMapper接口

6.MyBatis映射文件深入

动态sql语句

  • 动态 SQL 之
<select id="findByCondition" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
    select * from User
    <where>
        <if test="id!=0">
            and id=#{id}
        if>
        <if test="username!=null">
            and username=#{username}
        if>
    where>
select>
  • 动态 SQL 之
    • foreach标签的属性含义如下
      • collection:代表要遍历的集合元素,注意编写时不要写#{}
      • open:代表语句的开始部分
      • close:代表结束部分
      • item:代表遍历集合的每个元素,生成的变量名
      • sperator:代表分隔符

例如:SELECT * FROM USER WHERE id IN (1,2,5)。

<select id="findByIds" parameterType="list" resultType="user">
    select * from User
    <where>
        <foreach collection="array" open="id in(" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
            #{id}
        foreach>
    where>
select>

SQL片段抽取


sql>
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
    <include refid="selectUser">include> where id=#{id}
select>
<select id="findByIds" parameterType="list" resultType="user">
    <include refid="selectUser">include>
    <where>
        <foreach collection="array" open="id in(" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
            #{id}
        foreach>
    where>
select>
二、多表查询 1.没有注解 (1)一对一查询
  • 一对一查询的语句:select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id;
  • 配置OrderMapper.xml
<resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Order">
    <result property="id" column="id">result>
    <result property="ordertime" column="ordertime">result>
    <result property="total" column="total">result>
    <association property="user" javaType="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <result column="uid" property="id">result>
        <result column="username" property="username">result>
        <result column="password" property="password">result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday">result>
    association>
resultMap>
(2)一对多查询
  • 一对多查询的语句:select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid;
  • 配置UserMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper">
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <result column="id" property="id">result>
        <result column="username" property="username">result>
        <result column="password" property="password">result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday">result>
        <collection property="orderList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Order">
            <result column="oid" property="id">result>
            <result column="ordertime" property="ordertime">result>
            <result column="total" property="total">result>
        collection>
    resultMap>
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid
    select>
mapper>
(3)多对多查询
  • 多对多查询的语句:select u.,r.,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id;
  • 配置UserMapper.xml
<resultMap id="userRoleMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
    <result column="id" property="id">result>
    <result column="username" property="username">result>
    <result column="password" property="password">result>
    <result column="birthday" property="birthday">result>
    <collection property="roleList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Role">
        <result column="rid" property="id">result>
        <result column="rolename" property="rolename">result>
    collection>
resultMap>
<select id="findAllUserAndRole" resultMap="userRoleMap">
    select u.*,r.*,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id
    inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id
select>
2.注解

MyBatis的常用注解 :

  • @Insert:实现新增
  • @Update:实现更新
  • @Delete:实现删除
  • @Select:实现查询
  • @Result:实现结果集封装
  • @Results:可以与@Result 一起使用,封装多个结果集
  • @One:实现一对一结果集封装
  • @Many:实现一对多结果集封装
(1)一对一查询
  • 一对一查询的语句
select * from orders;
select * from user where id=查询出订单的uid;
  • 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders")
    @Results({
            @Result(id=true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "ordertime",column = "ordertime"),
            @Result(property = "total",column = "total"),
            @Result(property = "user",column = "uid",
                    javaType = User.class,
                    one = @One(select = "com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper.findById"))
    })
    List<Order> findAll();
}
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
    User findById(int id); 
}
(2)一对多查询
  • 一对多查询的语句
select * from user;
select * from orders where uid=查询出用户的id;
  • 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
            @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
            @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
            @Result(property = "orderList",column = "id",
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid"))
    })
    List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();
}
public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders where uid=#{uid}")
    List<Order> findByUid(int uid);
}
(3)多对多查询
  • 多对多查询的语句
select * from user;
select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id
  • 使用注解配置Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
        @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
        @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
        @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
        @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
        @Result(property = "roleList",column = "id",
                javaType = List.class,
                many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid"))
})
List<User> findAllUserAndRole();}

public interface RoleMapper {
    @Select("select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=#{uid}")
    List<Role> findByUid(int uid);
}
三、demo执行步骤 1.进行环境的搭建


数据库文件的配置

编写核心文件

2.数据库表的创建

3.实体类的创建

4.选择注解配置或者xml文件配置 (1)xml文件配置

(2)注解配置

就不需要上述的xml配置文件,只需要在接口文件上进行注解配置

但是在核心文件中要进行映射关系的配置

下面的案例事一对一案例


总结

MyBatis多表配置方式

  • 一对一配置:使用做配置
  • 一对多配置:使用+做配置
  • 多对多配置:使用+做配置

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原文地址: https://outofmemory.cn/langs/788718.html

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