hotel accommodation是什么意思

营销组合

What is the marketing mix什么是市场营销组合？

The marketing mix is probably the most famous marketing term 市场营销组合可能是最有名的营销术语。 Its elements are the basic, tactical components of a marketing plan其内容是基本的，一个营销计划的战术组成部分。 Also known as the Four P's , the marketing mix elements are price, place , product, and promotion Read on for more details on the marketing mix 另外已知的四个P的营销组合要素的价格， 地点 ， 产品和推广。阅读的营销组合更多细节。

The concept is simple这个概念很简单。 Think about another common mix - a cake mix想想另一种常见的组合 - 一个蛋糕组合。 All cakes contain eggs, milk, flour, and sugar所有蛋糕含蛋类，牛奶，面粉和糖。 However, you can alter the final cake by altering the amounts of mix elements contained in it然而，你可以改变通过改变组合元素在它所载数额的最后蛋糕。 So for a sweet cake add more sugar!因此，添加更多的糖甜蛋糕！

It is the same with the marketing mix这是与营销组合相同。 The offer you make to you customer can be altered by varying the mix elements这一提议您对您的客户可以通过不同的组合元素改变。 So for a high profile brand, increase the focus on promotion and desensitize the weight given to price因此，对于高调的品牌，增加推广的重点和脱敏给予价格的权重。 Another way to think about the marketing mix is to use the image of an artist's palette另一种方式去思考营销组合是使用了一个艺术家的调色板图像。 The marketer mixes the prime colours (mix elements) in different quantities to deliver a particular final colour营销人员在不同数量的混合总理颜色（组合元素）提供一个特定的最终颜色。 Every hand painted picture is original in some way, as is every marketing mix每一个手绘以某种方式原始，如同每一个营销组合。 If you'd like to see the marketing mix applied to a real business - then take a look at our Ryanair marketing mix 如果您想看到的营销组合应用到实际的业务-再看看我们看看瑞安营销组合 。

Some commentators will increase the marketing mix to the Five P's , to include people 一些评论家将增加营销组合，以五P的 ，包括人 。 Others will increase the mix to Seven P's , to include physical evidence (such as uniforms, facilities, or livery) and process (ie the whole customer experience eg a visit the Disney World)其他人将增加组合，以七P的 ，包括实物证据 （如制服，设施，或制服）和过程 （即整个客户体验，例如参观迪斯尼世界）。 The term was coined by Neil H Borden in his article The Concept of the Marketing Mix in 1965该术语是由Neil阁下博登在他的文章的 1965年概念营销组合的研究。

Price价格

There are many ways to price a product有许多方法对价格的产品。 Let's have a look at some of them and try to understand the best policy/strategy in various situations Read more让我们来看看他们在试着了解一些最好的政策/策略在不同的情况。 了解更多

Place地点

Another element of Neil HBorden's Marketing Mix is Place 另一种混合元素尼尔阁下波登的营销地位 。 Place is also known as channel, distribution, or intermediary It is the mechanism through which goods and/or services are moved from the manufacturer/ service provider to the user or consumer Read more地方也称为渠道，分发或中介机构。它是通过何种机制货物和/或服务提出从制造商/服务提供商向用户或消费者。 了解更多

Product产品

For many a product is simply the tangible, phsysical entity that they may be buying or selling对于许多产品仅仅是有形的，phsysical实体，他们可能会购买或出售。 You buy a new car and that's the product - simple!你买一辆新车，这就是产品 - 简单！ Or maybe not或者，也许不会。 When you buy a car, is the product more complex than you first thought The Three Levels of a Product 当你购买一辆汽车，是产品更复杂的比你的第一想法？ 一个产品的三个层次 。 。 Read more 。 了解更多

The Product Life Cycle (PLC) is based upon the biological life cycle 产品生命周期（PLC）是基于生物的生命周期。 For example, a seed is planted (introduction); it begins to sprout (growth); it shoots out leaves and puts down roots as it becomes an adult (maturity); after a long period as an adult the plant begins to shrink and die out (decline) Read more例如，种子是种植（导言），它开始发芽（增长），它拍摄出来的叶子和根部放下，因为它成为一个成人（成熟）后，作为一个成年人长期的植物开始萎缩和死亡出（下降）。 阅读全文

The Customer Life Cycle (CLC) has obvious similarities with the Product Life Cycle (PLC) 客户生命周期（本所）已PLC）的明显的相似性与产品生命周期（。 However, CLC focuses upon the creation of and delivery of lifetime value to the customer ie looks at the products or services that customers NEED throughout their lives Read more然而，本所即侧重于创作的寿命和价值交付给客户看的产品或服务，客户需要在他们的生活。 了解更多

Promotion推广

Another one of the 4P's is promotion 另一个人的4P的是促销 。 This includes all of the tools available to the marketer for 'marketing communication'这包括可用的工具来进行营销的营销沟通的一生。 As with Neil HBorden's marketing mix, marketing communications has its own 'promotions mix'正如尼尔阁下波登的营销组合，营销传播有其自己的'促销组合。' Think of it like a cake mix, the basic ingredients are always the same它认为像蛋糕组合，基本成分都是一样的。 However if you vary the amounts of one of the ingredients, the final outcome is different Read more不过，如果你改变成份的金额一，最后的结果是不同的。 了解更多

Physical Evidence物证

Physical Evidence is the material part of a service 实物证据材料是一种服务的一部分。 Strictly speaking there are no physical attributes to a service, so a consumer tends to rely on material cues严格来说有一个服务没有物理属性，因此消费者往往依靠材料的线索。 There are many examples of physical evidence, including some of the following: Read more有许多例子物证，其中包括以下一些： 阅读更多

People人

People are the most important element of any service or experience 人是最重要的服务或经验的要素。 Services tend to be produced and consumed at the same moment, and aspects of the customer experience are altered to meet the 'individual needs' of the person consuming it Read more服务趋向于生产和消费在同一时刻，和经验方面的顾客的改动，以适应个别需要的人消费它。 读更多

Process工艺

Process is another element of the extended marketing mix, or 7P'sThere are a number of perceptions of the concept of process within the business and marketing literature 过程是另一种混合元素的扩展营销，或7P条的。有许多文献编号营销的概念的看法和在业务过程。 Some see processes as a means to achieve an outcome, for example - to achieve a 30% market share a company implements a marketing planning process Read more一些人认为过程，作为一个手段来实现，例如一个结果-达到30％的市场份额的公司实现了营销策划的过程

With the globalization of the world and the development of society, the business trades have developed in an advanced pace, the domestic and global economy has improved and the consumption has worshiped, the modern business principles have also been established accordingly, among all the principles, the board of directors is important It has acted as the role of protection, supervision, direction, and suggestion in the business strategic management According to the stakeholder theory, all the business entities have intimate relationships with impact and prospects, if the companies would like to develop stably, the board of directors should carry more responsibilities on behalf of all the stakeholders in the market and the whole industry In the research, some famous global companies are analyzed as examples to show the role of the board of directors, such as Ryanir, Starbucks, KFC, Apple, Facebook, Beingmate, Anyway, ZARA, Alibaba, Huawei, and Uber and Didi, South Airline and so on The reasons, the benefits, and some problems, as well as some strategies and hints have been discussed

According to the stakeholder theory, in the industry, all the stakeholders have relationship with each other The operation and sustainable development depend on the negotiation and commercial trade in contracts and rules All the stakeholders have the identities such as investors, managers, employees, customers, suppliers, and even the local communities, governments and social media The development of the company is not isolated, instead it should be in charge of all the benefits, otherwise, the sacrifice on some stakeholders’ benefits would result in the failure of the companies themselves Take Ryanair for example, because they want to search for the optimization of profit, they have to decrease the cost, and make profit, then they have neglected the insurance for the employees, and hire some temporary work staff, to adapt to their financial budget on human resources Some managers’ benefits have been protected, while some common employees’ protection is not complicated, which could be concerned in a wider range

However, the stakeholders can be divided into several kinds Primarily, the compatible and qualified stakeholders would become necessary and sever in the company, mostly they would be engaged in the board of directors, the critical roles of this group are shareholders, or top managers as well as partners They make strategies according to the balance and judgments of all the stakeholders to make scientific decisions Then, some general public members, competitive companies, or some trade associations are essential in the industry, they are not directly related, but the competition and cooperation could improve the whole industry, conversely the mutual benefits would be important for all the parties At the same time, some customers, suppliers, or NGOs, trade unions have less intimacy with the business, yet, they are important in the market, and the economic circulation, without whom, the value of the companies can not prove Furthermore, there is a group, which is incompatible or influential in the interests, such as criminals, or optional members in public The strategic making is mostly done by the first group, and the board of directors establishes, however the board of directors should make survey on the customers, and should satisfy the benefits of the entities in the supply chain, as well as keep a good relationship in public to produce good fame and carry social responsibilities, which is also essential for sustainable development in the society Take Dell for example, it produces large amount of computers, which have been applied in office, the production of Dell has involved in many members, some of the software has been outsourced by Samsung in Korea, then the manufacturing is in Chinese factories, at the same time, when expanding market, some local agencies or distributors are engaged, as for the customers, the office employees who use the computers, the maintaining managers, or the consultations, they are all in the chain, if there is risks in the quality of computers,then, the extra work would be added, and the test procedure should be improved by learning from some brands such as Lenovo, or Apple Because the market changes all the time, the considerations should adapt to more stakeholders, and the service must be improved, even there may be some extra costs, the revenue would be abundant, the good reputation and the stable cooperation would be improved

Corporate governance is the system by which companies are directed and controlled The primary participants in Corporate Governance are board, management, and shareholders The primary purpose of the company is to maximize shareholder values and make solutions according to the minority’s interests Then the board of directors establishes for relevant fairness, and balance

Firstly,the board of directors is responsible for the governance of their companies The shareholders’ role in governance is to appoint the directors and the auditors and to satisfy themselves that an appropriate governance structure is in place For example, Huawei’s principles have made all the employees engaged, 100% of the employees hold there share in stocks,Thus the structure should be maintained because the employees’ own benefits and the company are linked together At the same time, the business culture should be established, the teamwork spirit and the cooperation would be more stronger Mostly, in the structure of the board of directors, the chairman’s power should be lessened, and some independent 3rd party should be ensured in the balance Huawei’s supervision committee has played roles in such position to direct the operation of human resources, marketing, strategic development, audit and other departments

Secondly, the responsibilities of the board include setting the company’s strategic aims, providing the leadership to put them into effect, and operating in a more effective way For example, the founder and chairman of Didi, Chengwei has participated in the board of Uber, the founder of Uber Travis Kalanickhas participated in the board of Didi In this case, the fierce competition in the car renting market would be released, and the resources have been optimized instead of price competition, and endless discounts in taxi industry The founders have the core resources and they make strategic decisions, thus, they have cooperated in the customers’ management, and the shareholders’ proportion would make it relevantly fair

Thirdly, the responsibilities of the board include management strategies, including supervising the management of the business and reporting to shareholders on their stewardship Steven Job has produced the system, and he supports the democratic management in the company through many economic activities such as purchasing NEXT, opening the SDK and providing apple watch in the independent app store Once because of the lack of management, Jobs has been kicked out of the board of directors, however, he has used the plan in convincing his talent of management and judgment, instead of enjoying help from his friends By rejoining in the board, he has gained trust with his strategies in management and operation 

Fourthly, the board of directors have responsibilities over the social groups The board’s actions are subject to laws, regulations and the shareholders in general meeting Facebook, and micro-soft are worldly companies, because of the expansion of Internet, as well as Alibaba They have their board of directors and arrange some extra business in donation, beneficence, and some volunteering work Microsoft has helped millions of children in Africa, Alibaba has also started the Ali public services in donation for environmental protection Because the chairman and several shareholders have realized the importance of social responsibilities, in this methods, the social groups would be benefited from the companies’ leadership, among these groups, most of them enjoy surfing on internet, doing shopping, and chatting online, they would have more active impression on these companies, which could conversely bring more good reputation

There are some rules in the board of directors in making strategies, they are legal, authoritative, and responsible, open, and practical The stakeholder theory has provoked for a positive circulation in the industry, and the customers, suppliers, as well as brands have the same rights to influence the market with their own efforts

Firstly, the productivity improvement recalls for effective management, and the stakeholders’ engagement would make the management more comprehensive and sustainable after the discussion And the balance of legalization, authority, and responsibility should be obtained For example, Uniqlo clothing companies have produced clothes in fashion styles, however, when the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China makes examinations, they could find out fake commercials, sometimes the qualified commercials just have the proportion of 60%(Professor Adrian Palmer, Bob Hartley, 2011) If the board of directors neglect the protection or some regulations, then the customers would not like to choose the brand, in spite of the bright styles and fashionable patterns, if the supervision on the operation, manufacturing, or distribution is not effective, then the company can not develop well in the long run

Secondly, the inner balance in the principle should be maintained systematically The board of directors has to be updated in many companies such as Wanke Group, the suggestions would be noticed ahead on the website for all the employees, or cooperators to know, sometimes there would even be social news for common citizens to make acknowledgments on the recent condition of the companies, and the nomination can also be selected or voted within the companies by the employees to show democracy At the same time, because of the globalization, the market has varied, the local companies start to invest in different countries The board of directors can be the management principles in setting some standardized procedures in operation For example, Hilton Hotel has run ten brands all over the world in chain They have contrasts in cooperation with other brands, and have standards in service tourists in their accommodation and sightseeing The systematic solutions have been planned by the board of directors ahead

Thirdly, the organization should stay open and practical In facebook, the founder has hired a COO in participating in the operation, she has stimulated the cooperation between fackbook and some financial agencies Without the board of directors, some solutions would be subjective for the founders In the operation, the companies have to make constant choices in different developing stage, the marketing, technological development, consultation, and many other business depend on open and democratic negotiation and communication The board of directors stands on a relevant objective position in evaluating some leaders’ opinions, and reports, as well as avoiding mistakes, and through the centralized democratic negotiations, the advantages and disadvantages are compared and contrasted, so that the final solutions could be more comprehensive and cover more problems

There are also some drawbacks in the principles, the board of directors’ types have developed into four kinds, they are rubber stamp, short-term, talking shop, and effective board The problems must be figured out, so that more stakeholders’ benefits can be maintained

Firstly, the social costs would be too high, and the risks or burdens would increase accordingly For example, some small companies have to endure large amount of taxes, however their business just starts, in concerning the heavy burden, the risks in cost budget would increase

Secondly, the definition or standard of stakeholders is not clear, some entities would take advantage of the concept of stakeholders to chase their own benefits Because of some current profit consideration, some managers, or leaders would sacrifice others’ benefits for trades, which have brought complaints and unfairness ZARA’s board of directors have made strategies on fast reactions to the market with designers’ oral work, it has paid attention to the young, and fashionable students and white collars, then they have no need to concern on some elderly groups, otherwise, the groups have different contradictions, and the styles would be changed, For example, some market investigation for new product design has been wide, however some investigation members are not targeted customers for the company, according to the 20:80 theory, the key customers only covers 20% of all the customers, which the company should focus most If the company tends to satisfy all the members, then the position would be confused, and the brand building would be misled into common brand

Thirdly, with the globalization of the world market, the business modes have varied from time to time The cooperation tends to be changeable and complex, the stakeholders have expanded  some stakeholders do not have judgments on some strategies, and the process in discussion may result in the price of opportunity cost In some group companies, the board of directors have many parts, however the rights and obligations are not balanced, thus, they can not agree with each other For example, Suning e-commerce and stores are two separate departments, then the customers are grabbed from one platform to another without confirmation, the leaders in the board of directors have made mistakes in concerning the mutual benefits in the electronic equipment on sale Without effective management of human resources, the business can not expand very well

According to the stakeholder theory, the related groups should all been negotiated, with different levels, and there are some strategies in improving the protection on all the stakeholders

Firstly, the members in the board of directors should be various and updated, as well as tested regularly There should be two sides of the board if necessary, on one hand, the inner board of directors should be established which could guide some profitable strategies Except for smaller companies, at least half the board, excluding the chairman, should comprise non-executive directors determined by the board to be independent A smaller company should have at least two independent non-executive directors On the other hand, the outside board of directors could be established, in the real estate, because of the importance in the security of the housing engineering programs, the supervision is complicated, and can be a kind of experience on common industries

Secondly, the strategies should be more transparent and timely for the stakeholders to know, and there should be opportunities for feedback and adjustment for the company’s operation Partnership projects can be an example, Alibaba has started many programs for the mid and small companies to start business online, the customers have also become members of the platform, when their requirements for convenient online shopping are satisfied, the company could also develop and earn profit

Thirdly, there should be some respect in some intelligent customers, who have the right to express their ultimate requirements in using the products or services in the market Stakeholder surveys and dialogues could be done For another example, apart from the supervision of the board, it should accept that strategy is primarily shaped by executive directors and senior management and not independently determined by the Board, when the responsibilities are well organized, and structured ahead, then some dispute would decrease 

The board of directors have important responsibilities in guiding the operation, organizing the management, enhancing the communication in the supply chain, and helping the customers to solve their problems The existence of the board of directors is essential because the principles should be estimated objectively, though there are many digital information systems, the human behaviors, and strategic making should be more specific, and the rights should be restricted, when the benefits of people themselves and others are linked together, the protection measurements could be useful and active

词典结果：

hotel accommodation

[英][həuˈtel əˌkɔməˈdeiʃən][美][hoˈtɛl əˌkɑməˈdeʃən]

旅馆设施;

以上结果来自金山词霸

例句:

1

Ryanair has joined forces with Expedia to offer hotel accommodation to its passengers

2

The union paid him$ 710 as well as hotel accommodation, travel and food

3

The winner will receive a return air ticket to the Netherlands, plus hotel accommodation

4

It does not however include delegate's travel to and from the Forum or hotelaccommodation

5

They have been given air tickets and hotel accommodation but otherwise work for free

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