[[email protected] ~]# echo -e "n\n\n\n\n+10G\nt\n8e\nw\n" | fdisk /dev/sdd &> /dev/null [[email protected] ~]# lsblk name MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTfd0 2:0 1 4K 0 disk sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot├─sda2 8:2 0 4.9G 0 part [SWAP]└─sda3 8:3 0 30G 0 part /sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part sdc 8:32 0 30G 0 disk └─sdc1 8:33 0 10G 0 part sdd 8:48 0 40G 0 disk └─sdd1 8:49 0 10G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 4G 0 rom
创建物理卷
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd{b,c,d}1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created. Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created. Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created.[[email protected] ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g /dev/sdc1 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g /dev/sdd1 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g 创建逻辑卷
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate vg01 -s 16M /dev/sd{b,d}1 Volume group "vg01" successfully created[[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG name vg01 Sy@R_404_6563@ ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 3 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 3 Act PV 3 VG Size 29.95 GiB PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 1917 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 1917 / 29.95 GiB VG UUID d4S78Z-00S8-cnoN-2VPb-usOw-mXIn-WdEELS[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -n lvm01 vg01 -l 100 Logical volume "lvm01" created.[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n lvm02 vg01 Logical volume "lvm02" created.[[email protected] ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log cpy%sync Convert lvm01 vg01 -wi-a----- 1.56g lvm02 vg01 -wi-a----- 5.00g 创建文件系统
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg/lvm01mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)filesy@R_404_6563@ label=OS type: linuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)StrIDe=0 blocks,Stripe wIDth=0 blocks327680 inodes,1310720 blocks65536 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesy@R_404_6563@ blocks=134217728040 block groups32768 blocks per group,32768 fragments per group8192 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesy@R_404_6563@ accounting information: done [[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/lvm02Meta-data=/dev/vg/lvm02 isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=102400 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2,projID32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=409600,imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swIDth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560,version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks,lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
挂载文件
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/vg/lvm01 /opt/lvm01[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/vg/lvm02 /opt/lvm02[[email protected] ~]# df -hfilesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /opt/lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 1.6G 33M 1.6G 3% /opt/lvm02
自动挂载
[[email protected] ~]# blkID | grep lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01: UUID="e3af4ba6-a917-4905-ae03-7e2356de6107" TYPE="ext4" [[email protected] ~]# sed -i "11a UUID=e3af4ba6-a917-4905-ae03-7e2356de6107 /opt/lvm01 ext4 defaults 0 0" /etc/fstab [[email protected] ~]# mount -a[[email protected] ~]# df -hfilesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 2.9G 2.9G 0 100% /opt/lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 3.0G 3.0G 20K 100% /opt/lvm02
在线扩容
[[email protected] ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log cpy%sync Convert lvm01 vg -wi-ao---- 5.00g lvm02 vg -wi-ao---- 1.56g [[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +1G /dev/vg/lvm01 Size of logical volume vg/lvm01 changed from 5.00 GiB (320 extents) to 6.00 GiB (384 extents). Logical volume vg/lvm01 successfully resized.[[email protected] ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log cpy%sync Convert lvm01 vg -wi-ao---- 6.00g lvm02 vg -wi-ao---- 1.56g [[email protected] ~]# df -h 容量没有增加到filesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /opt/lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 1.6G 33M 1.6G 3% /opt/lvm02[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg/lvm01 #调整ext文件系统的大小resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)filesy@R_404_6563@ at /dev/vg/lvm01 is mounted on /opt/lvm01; on-line resizing requiredold_desc_blocks = 1,new_desc_blocks = 1The filesy@R_404_6563@ on /dev/vg/lvm01 is Now 1572864 blocks long.[[email protected] ~]# df -hfilesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 5.8G 20M 5.5G 1% /opt/lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 1.6G 33M 1.6G 3% /opt/lvm02[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +1G /dev/vg/lvm02 Size of logical volume vg/lvm02 changed from 1.56 GiB (100 extents) to 2.56 GiB (164 extents). Logical volume vg/lvm02 successfully resized.[[email protected] ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg/lvm02 调整xfs文件系统的大小Meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 isize=256 agcount=4,imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swIDth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560,rtextents=0data blocks changed from 409600 to 671744[[email protected] ~]# df -hfilesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 5.8G 20M 5.5G 1% /opt/lvm01/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 2.6G 33M 2.6G 2% /opt/lvm02或者lvextend -L +1G -r /dev/vg/lvm01 #加了-r自动调整文件系统大小
压缩逻辑卷(危险) xfs不能压缩
[[email protected] ~]# umount /opt/lvm01[[email protected] ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg/lvm01e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)Pass 1: Checking inodes,blocks,and sizesPass 2: Checking directory structurePass 3: Checking directory connectivityPass 4: Checking reference countsPass 5: Checking group summary information/dev/vg/lvm01: 11/393216 files (0.0% non-contiguous),63598/1572864 blocks[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg/lvm01 3Gresize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)Resizing the filesy@R_404_6563@ on /dev/vg/lvm01 to 786432 (4k) blocks.The filesy@R_404_6563@ on /dev/vg/lvm01 is Now 786432 blocks long.[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/vg/lvm01 /opt/lvm01[[email protected] ~]# df -hfilesy@R_404_6563@ Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 30G 1.2G 29G 4% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 1.9G 8.5M 1.9G 1% /runtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 197M 103M 94M 53% /boottmpfs 379M 0 379M 0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-lvm02 3.0G 33M 3.0G 2% /opt/lvm02/dev/mapper/vg-lvm01 2.9G 18M 2.7G 1% /opt/lvm01
速度比较
[[email protected] ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/f1 bs=1M count=10241024+0 records in1024+0 records out1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copIEd,2.76954 s,388 MB/s[[email protected] ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/lvm02/f1 bs=1M count=10241024+0 records in1024+0 records out1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copIEd,0.611213 s,1.8 GB/s
卷组扩展
[[email protected] lvm02]# vgextend vg /dev/sdc1 Volume group "vg" successfully extended[[email protected] lvm02]# vgextend vg /dev/sdd1 Volume group "vg" successfully extended[[email protected] lvm02]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG name vg Sy@R_404_6563@ ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 3 Metadata Sequence No 24 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 3 Act PV 3 VG Size 29.95 GiB PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 1917 Alloc PE / Size 608 / 9.50 GiB Free PE / Size 1309 / 20.45 GiB VG UUID CSCN9I-Y7q9-KoN9-xiWK-htU6-XOd4-M2JjEe
卷组压缩
情况一：没有数据 [[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdb1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 63 Allocated PE 576 PV UUID 5IwIER-HXxC-6txr-hUOo-zSUE-vela-Rg5ZSJ --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdc1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 639 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 7nleyP-4EUB-7FME-2sDo-75Fr-YPfV-3wp9vM --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdd1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 639 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID EcEfTe-Eaxq-X8GU-qiXe-3YuS-gxwI-ln6Clb [[email protected] ~]# vgreduce vg /dev/sdd1 Removed "/dev/sdd1" from volume group "vg" [[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdd1 "/dev/sdd1" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdd1 VG name PV Size 10.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID EcEfTe-Eaxq-X8GU-qiXe-3YuS-gxwI-ln6Clb [[email protected] ~]# pvremove /dev/sdd1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully wiped. [[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdb1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 63 Allocated PE 576 PV UUID 5IwIER-HXxC-6txr-hUOo-zSUE-vela-Rg5ZSJ --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdc1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 639 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 7nleyP-4EUB-7FME-2sDo-75Fr-YPfV-3wp9vM [[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG name vg Sy@R_404_6563@ ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 8 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size <19.97 GiB PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 1278 Alloc PE / Size 576 / 9.00 GiB Free PE / Size 702 / <10.97 GiB VG UUID CSCN9I-Y7q9-KoN9-xiWK-htU6-XOd4-M2JjEe情况二：有数据，但是硬盘快坏了 [[email protected] lvm02]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdb1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 607 Allocated PE 32 PV UUID 5IwIER-HXxC-6txr-hUOo-zSUE-vela-Rg5ZSJ --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdc1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 63 Allocated PE 576 PV UUID 7nleyP-4EUB-7FME-2sDo-75Fr-YPfV-3wp9vM [[email protected] lvm02]# pvmove /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc1: Moved: 0.00% /dev/sdc1: Moved: 66.67% /dev/sdc1: Moved: 100.00% [[email protected] lvm02]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdb1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 31 Allocated PE 608 PV UUID 5IwIER-HXxC-6txr-hUOo-zSUE-vela-Rg5ZSJ --- Physical volume --- PV name /dev/sdc1 VG name vg PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Free PE 639 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 7nleyP-4EUB-7FME-2sDo-75Fr-YPfV-3wp9vM [[email protected] lvm02]# vgreduce vg /dev/sdc1 Removed "/dev/sdc1" from volume group "vg" [[email protected] lvm02]# pvremove /dev/sdc1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully wiped. [[email protected] lvm02]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG name vg Sy@R_404_6563@ ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 22 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 9.98 GiB PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 639 Alloc PE / Size 608 / 9.50 GiB Free PE / Size 31 / 496.00 MiB VG UUID CSCN9I-Y7q9-KoN9-xiWK-htU6-XOd4-M2JjEe
lvm创建快照
[[email protected] lvm02]# ll /opt/lvm02total 3102540-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Aug 21 00:18 f1-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Aug 21 00:19 f2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1029517312 Aug 21 00:19 f3-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 21 00:19 f4[[email protected] lvm02]# lvcreate -n lvm_snap02 -L 1.5G -s /[[email protected] lvm02]# lvcreate -n lvm_snap02 -L 1.5G -s /dev/vg/lvm02 Logical volume "lvm_snap02" created.[[email protected] lvm02]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log cpy%sync Convert lvm01 vg -wi-ao---- 6.00g lvm02 vg owi-aos--- 3.00g lvm03 vg -wi-a----- 512.00m lvm_snap02 vg swi-a-s--- 1.50g lvm02 0.00[[email protected] lvm02]# \rm f1[[email protected] lvm02]# > f2[[email protected] lvm02]# lltotal 1005388-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 21 00:48 f2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1029517312 Aug 21 00:19 f3-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 21 00:19 f4
lvm恢复快照
[[email protected] ~]# lvconvert --merge /dev/vg/lvm_snap02 Merging of volume vg/lvm_snap02 started. vg/lvm02: Merged: 99.87% vg/lvm02: Merged: 100.00%[[email protected] ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log cpy%sync Convert lvm01 vg -wi-ao---- 6.00g lvm02 vg -wi-ao---- 3.00g lvm03 vg -wi-a----- 512.00m[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/vg/lvm02 /opt/lvm02[[email protected] ~]# ll /opt/lvm02total 3102540-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Aug 21 00:18 f1-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1073741824 Aug 21 00:19 f2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1029517312 Aug 21 00:19 f3-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 21 00:19 f4总结
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