GreedSnake.java (也是程序入口):
import java.awt.BorderLayout
import java.awt.Canvas
import java.awt.Color
import java.awt.Container
import java.awt.Graphics
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent
import java.awt.event.KeyListener
import java.util.Iterator
import java.util.LinkedList
import javax.swing.JFrame
import javax.swing.JLabel
import javax.swing.JPanel
public class GreedSnake implements KeyListener {
JFrame mainFrame
Canvas paintCanvas
JLabel labelScore// 计分牌
SnakeModel snakeModel = null// 蛇
public static final int canvasWidth = 200
public static final int canvasHeight = 300
public static final int nodeWidth = 10
public static final int nodeHeight = 10
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// GreedSnake():初始化游戏界面
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public GreedSnake() {
// 设置界面元素
mainFrame = new JFrame("GreedSnake")
Container cp = mainFrame.getContentPane()
labelScore = new JLabel("Score:")
cp.add(labelScore, BorderLayout.NORTH)
paintCanvas = new Canvas()
paintCanvas.setSize(canvasWidth + 1, canvasHeight + 1)
paintCanvas.addKeyListener(this)
cp.add(paintCanvas, BorderLayout.CENTER)
JPanel panelButtom = new JPanel()
panelButtom.setLayout(new BorderLayout())
JLabel labelHelp// 帮助信息
labelHelp = new JLabel("PageUp, PageDown for speed", JLabel.CENTER)
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.NORTH)
labelHelp = new JLabel("ENTER or R or S for start", JLabel.CENTER)
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.CENTER)
labelHelp = new JLabel("SPACE or P for pause", JLabel.CENTER)
panelButtom.add(labelHelp, BorderLayout.SOUTH)
cp.add(panelButtom, BorderLayout.SOUTH)
mainFrame.addKeyListener(this)
mainFrame.pack()
mainFrame.setResizable(false)
mainFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE)
mainFrame.setVisible(true)
begin()
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyPressed():按键检测
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode()
if (snakeModel.running)
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.UP)
break
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.DOWN)
break
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.LEFT)
break
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
snakeModel.changeDirection(SnakeModel.RIGHT)
break
case KeyEvent.VK_ADD:
case KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_UP:
snakeModel.speedUp()// 加速
break
case KeyEvent.VK_SUBTRACT:
case KeyEvent.VK_PAGE_DOWN:
snakeModel.speedDown()// 减速
break
case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:
case KeyEvent.VK_P:
snakeModel.changePauseState()// 暂停或继续
break
default:
}
// 重新开始
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_R || keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_S
|| keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
snakeModel.running = false
begin()
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyReleased（）：空函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// keyTyped（）：空函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// repaint（）：绘制游戏界面（包括蛇和食物）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void repaint() {
Graphics g = paintCanvas.getGraphics()
// draw background
g.setColor(Color.WHITE)
g.fillRect(0, 0, canvasWidth, canvasHeight)
// draw the snake
g.setColor(Color.BLACK)
LinkedList na = snakeModel.nodeArray
Iterator it = na.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
Node n = (Node) it.next()
drawNode(g, n)
}
// draw the food
g.setColor(Color.RED)
Node n = snakeModel.food
drawNode(g, n)
updateScore()
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// drawNode（）：绘画某一结点（蛇身或食物）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
private void drawNode(Graphics g, Node n) {
g.fillRect(n.x * nodeWidth, n.y * nodeHeight, nodeWidth - 1,
nodeHeight - 1)
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// updateScore（）：改变计分牌
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void updateScore() {
String s = "Score: " + snakeModel.score
labelScore.setText(s)
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// begin（）：游戏开始，放置贪吃蛇
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void begin() {
if (snakeModel == null || !snakeModel.running) {
snakeModel = new SnakeModel(this, canvasWidth / nodeWidth,
this.canvasHeight / nodeHeight)
(new Thread(snakeModel)).start()
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// main（）：主函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public static void main(String[] args) {
GreedSnake gs = new GreedSnake()
}
}
Node.java:
public class Node {
int x
int y
Node(int x, int y) {
this.x = x
this.y = y
}
}
SnakeModel.java:
import java.util.Arrays
import java.util.LinkedList
import java.util.Random
import javax.swing.JOptionPane
public class SnakeModel implements Runnable {
GreedSnake gs
boolean[][] matrix// 界面数据保存在数组里
LinkedList nodeArray = new LinkedList()
Node food
int maxX// 最大宽度
int maxY// 最大长度
int direction = 2// 方向
boolean running = false
int timeInterval = 200// 间隔时间（速度）
double speedChangeRate = 0.75// 速度改变程度
boolean paused = false// 游戏状态
int score = 0
int countMove = 0
// UP和DOWN是偶数，RIGHT和LEFT是奇数
public static final int UP = 2
public static final int DOWN = 4
public static final int LEFT = 1
public static final int RIGHT = 3
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// GreedModel():初始化界面
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public SnakeModel(GreedSnake gs, int maxX, int maxY) {
this.gs = gs
this.maxX = maxX
this.maxY = maxY
matrix = new boolean[maxX][]
for (int i = 0i <maxX++i) {
matrix[i] = new boolean[maxY]
Arrays.fill(matrix[i], false)// 没有蛇和食物的地区置false
}
// 初始化贪吃蛇
int initArrayLength = maxX >20 ? 10 : maxX / 2
for (int i = 0i <initArrayLength++i) {
int x = maxX / 2 + i
int y = maxY / 2
nodeArray.addLast(new Node(x, y))
matrix[x][y] = true// 蛇身处置true
}
food = createFood()
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true// 食物处置true
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// changeDirection():改变运动方向
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void changeDirection(int newDirection) {
if (direction % 2 != newDirection % 2)// 避免冲突
{
direction = newDirection
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// moveOn():贪吃蛇运动函数
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public boolean moveOn() {
Node n = (Node) nodeArray.getFirst()
int x = n.x
int y = n.y
switch (direction) {
case UP:
y--
break
case DOWN:
y++
break
case LEFT:
x--
break
case RIGHT:
x++
break
}
if ((0 <= x &&x <maxX) &&(0 <= y &&y <maxY)) {
if (matrix[x][y])// 吃到食物或者撞到身体
{
if (x == food.x &&y == food.y)// 吃到食物
{
nodeArray.addFirst(food)// 在头部加上一结点
// 计分规则与移动长度和速度有关
int scoreGet = (10000 - 200 * countMove) / timeInterval
score += scoreGet >0 ? scoreGet : 10
countMove = 0
food = createFood()
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true
return true
} else
return false// 撞到身体
} else// 什么都没有碰到
{
nodeArray.addFirst(new Node(x, y))// 加上头部
matrix[x][y] = true
n = (Node) nodeArray.removeLast()// 去掉尾部
matrix[n.x][n.y] = false
countMove++
return true
}
}
return false// 越界（撞到墙壁）
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// run():贪吃蛇运动线程
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void run() {
running = true
while (running) {
try {
Thread.sleep(timeInterval)
} catch (Exception e) {
break
}
if (!paused) {
if (moveOn())// 未结束
{
gs.repaint()
} else// 游戏结束
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "GAME OVER",
"Game Over", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE)
break
}
}
}
running = false
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// createFood():生成食物及放置地点
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
private Node createFood() {
int x = 0
int y = 0
do {
Random r = new Random()
x = r.nextInt(maxX)
y = r.nextInt(maxY)
} while (matrix[x][y])
return new Node(x, y)
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// speedUp():加快蛇运动速度
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void speedUp() {
timeInterval *= speedChangeRate
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// speedDown():放慢蛇运动速度
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void speedDown() {
timeInterval /= speedChangeRate
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// changePauseState(): 改变游戏状态（暂停或继续）
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void changePauseState() {
paused = !paused
}
}
满意请采纳
windows编程以事件驱动，鼠标点击会产生一个事件，而且在lParam会有坐标点，通过client坐标点的分割，就可以知道参数对应消消乐数组的哪一行哪一列，同样，第二次点击也可以知道。这样将对应的两个数组元素进行规则匹配，能否消除，消除种类得分等等，也可以实现你的交换位置功能。pre{overflow-x: auto} 实现 消消乐的构成主要包括三部分：游戏主体、计分器、计时器，下面来看一下具体实现。
先来看一下游戏所需 Python 库。
import os import sys import time import pygame import random
定义一些常量，比如：窗口宽高、网格行列数等，代码如下：
WIDTH = 400 HEIGHT = 400 NUMGRID = 8 GRIDSIZE = 36 XMARGIN = (WIDTH - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2 YMARGIN = (HEIGHT - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2 ROOTDIR = os.getcwd() FPS = 30
接着创建一个主窗口，代码如下：
pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) pygame.display.set_caption('消消乐')
看一下效果：
再接着在窗口中画一个 8 x 8 的网格，代码如下：
screen.fill((255, 255, 220)) # 游戏界面的网格绘制 def drawGrids(self): for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID): rect = pygame.Rect((XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE)) self.drawBlock(rect, color=(255, 165, 0), size=1 # 画矩形 block 框 def drawBlock(self, block, color=(255, 0, 0), size=2): pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, block, size)
看一下效果：
再接着在网格中随机放入各种拼图块，代码如下：
while True: self.all_gems = [] self.gems_group = pygame.sprite.Group() for x in range(NUMGRID):self.all_gems.append([])for y in range(NUMGRID): gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE-NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE], downlen=NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE) self.all_gems[x].append(gem) self.gems_group.add(gem) if self.isMatch()[0] == 0:break
看一下效果：
再接着加入计分器和计时器，代码如下：
# 显示得分 def drawScore(self): score_render = self.font.render('分数:'+str(self.score), 1, (85, 65, 0)) rect = score_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (55, 15) self.screen.blit(score_render, rect) # 显示加分 def drawAddScore(self, add_score): score_render = self.font.render('+'+str(add_score), 1, (255, 100, 100)) rect = score_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (250, 250) self.screen.blit(score_render, rect) # 显示剩余时间 def showRemainingTime(self): remaining_time_render = self.font.render('倒计时: %ss' % str(self.remaining_time), 1, (85, 65, 0)) rect = remaining_time_render.get_rect() rect.left, rect.top = (WIDTH-190, 15) self.screen.blit(remaining_time_render, rect)
看一下效果：
当设置的游戏时间用尽时，我们可以生成一些提示信息，代码如下：
while True: for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit() sys.exit()if event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_r: flag = True if flag:break screen.fill((255, 255, 220)) text0 = '最终得分: %s' % score text1 = '按 R 键重新开始' y = 140 for idx, text in enumerate([text0, text1]):text_render = font.render(text, 1, (85, 65, 0))rect = text_render.get_rect()if idx == 0: rect.left, rect.top = (100, y)elif idx == 1: rect.left, rect.top = (100, y)y += 60screen.blit(text_render, rect) pygame.display.update()
看一下效果：
说完了游戏图形化界面相关的部分，我们再看一下游戏的主要处理逻辑。
我们通过鼠标来 *** 纵拼图块，因此程序需要检查有无拼图块被选中，代码实现如下：
def checkSelected(self, position): for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID): if self.getGemByPos(x, y).rect.collidepoint(*position): return [x, y] return None
我们需要将鼠标连续选择的拼图块进行位置交换，代码实现如下：
def swapGem(self, gem1_pos, gem2_pos): margin = gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] + gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] if abs(margin) != 1:return False gem1 = self.getGemByPos(*gem1_pos) gem2 = self.getGemByPos(*gem2_pos) if gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == 1:gem1.direction = 'left'gem2.direction = 'right' elif gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == -1:gem2.direction = 'left'gem1.direction = 'right' elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == 1:gem1.direction = 'up'gem2.direction = 'down' elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == -1:gem2.direction = 'up'gem1.direction = 'down' gem1.target_x = gem2.rect.left gem1.target_y = gem2.rect.top gem1.fixed = False gem2.target_x = gem1.rect.left gem2.target_y = gem1.rect.top gem2.fixed = False self.all_gems[gem2_pos[0]][gem2_pos[1]] = gem1 self.all_gems[gem1_pos[0]][gem1_pos[1]] = gem2 return True
每一次交换拼图块时，我们需要判断是否有连续一样的三个及以上拼图块，代码实现如下：
def isMatch(self): for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID): if x + 2 -2: for each in [res_match[1], res_match[1]+1, res_match[1]+2]: gem = self.getGemByPos(*[each, start]) if start == res_match[2]: self.gems_group.remove(gem) self.all_gems[each][start] = None elif start >= 0: gem.target_y += GRIDSIZE gem.fixed = False gem.direction = 'down' self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gem else: gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+each*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN-GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE) self.gems_group.add(gem) self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gem start -= 1 elif res_match[0] == 2:start = res_match[2]while start > -4: if start == res_match[2]: for each in range(0, 3): gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start+each]) self.gems_group.remove(gem) self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+each] = None elif start >= 0: gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start]) gem.target_y += GRIDSIZE * 3 gem.fixed = False gem.direction = 'down' self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gem else: gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+res_match[1]*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+start*GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE*3) self.gems_group.add(gem) self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gem start -= 1
之后反复执行这个过程，直至耗尽游戏时间，游戏结束。
最后，我们动态看一下游戏效果。
总结
本文我们使用 Python 实现了一个简单的消消乐游戏，有兴趣的可以对游戏做进一步扩展，比如增加关卡等。
到此这篇关于Python实现消消乐小游戏的文章就介绍到这了，希望大家以后多多支持！
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