Docker 安装 MySQL

Docker 安装 MySQL 查看可用的 MySQL 版本

访问 MySQL 镜像库地址：https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql?tab=tags 。

可以通过 Sort by 查看其他版本的 MySQL，默认是最新版本 mysql:latest 。

此外，我们还可以用 docker search mysql 命令来查看可用版本：

root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
INDEX       NAME                                        DEscriptION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   11480     [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open s...   4356      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   849                  [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL rela...   557       [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/phpmyadmin                        phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and...   332       [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   91                   
docker.io   docker.io/mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. ...   88                   
docker.io   docker.io/centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   59                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         51                   
docker.io   docker.io/prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              42                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACeD! Please use http://hub.docker.com...   41                   [OK]
......

拉取 MySQL 镜像

这里我们拉取官方的最新版本的镜像：

 docker pull mysql:latest

Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
07aded7c29c6: Pulling fs layer 
f68b8cbd22de: Download complete 
30c1754a28c4: Downloading [===============>                                   ] 1.265 MB/4.179 MB
1b7cb4d6fe05: Waiting 
79a41dc56b9a: Waiting 
00a75e3842fb: Waiting 
b36a6919c217: Waiting 
635b0b84d686: Waiting 
6d24c7242d02: Waiting 
5be6c5edf16f: Waiting 
cb35eac1242c: Waiting 
a573d4e1c407: Waiting 

查看本地镜像

docker images

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/mysql     latest              2fe463762680        22 hours ago        514 MB
docker.io/java      8                   d23bdf5b1b1b        4 years ago         643 MB
docker.io/ubuntu    15.10               9b9cb95443b5        5 years ago         137 MB

运行容器

安装完成后，我们可以使用以下命令来运行 mysql 容器：

 docker run -itd --name mysql-test -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

参数说明：

-p 3306:3306 ：映射容器服务的 3306 端口到宿主机的 3306 端口，外部主机可以直接通过 宿主机ip:3306 访问到 MySQL 的服务。
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：设置 MySQL 服务 root 用户的密码。

安装成功

通过 docker ps 命令查看是否安装成功：

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
ConTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
e5f364c8eea5        mysql               "docker-entrypoint..."   13 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql
4b567ab8009e        docker.io/java:8    "/bin/bash"              27 minutes ago      Up 27 minutes                                           java-jdk8

本机可以通过 root 和密码 123456 访问 MySQL 服务。

root@e5f364c8eea5:/# mysql -h localhost -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.26 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

问题：

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -h localhost -u root -p
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -itd mysql
"docker exec" requires at least 2 argument(s).
See 'docker exec --help'.

Usage:  docker exec [OPTIONS] ConTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

Run a command in a running container

办法

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it e5f364c8eea5 bash

用客户端navicat测试连接提示

navicat for mysql 链接时报错：1251-Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server

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