Mybatis框架

Mybatis框架 Mybatis框架学习笔记 问题一：mybatis在spring的使用中，只需要定义接口，就可以和xml中的配置的sql语句，进行关联，执行数据库增删改查 *** 作。怎么实现的？

Mapper 接口的工作原理是JDK动态代理，Mybatis运行时会使用JDK动态代理为Mapper接口生成代理对象proxy——MapperProxy对象。当我们调用Mapper接口方法的时候，实际调用到MapperProxy对象的invoke()方法。

@Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
      if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
        return method.invoke(this, args);
      } else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) {
        return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args);
      }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
    }
    final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
    return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
  }

mapperMethod.execute()代码如下：

public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    switch (command.getType()) {
      case INSERT: {
      Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case UPDATe: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case DELETE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case SELECT:
        if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
        }
        break;
      case FLUSH:
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
        break;
      default:
        throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName() 
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }

可以看出，invoke()方法实际上调用的就是SqlSession里面的东西了。
看默认实现类DefaultSqlSession里面的具体实现方法：

  @Override
  public  List selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) {
    try {
      MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
      return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }

根据类的全限定名+方法名（statement的值，比如com.google.dao.selectList），唯一定位到一个MapperStatement并调用执行器执行所代表的sql，然后将sql执行结果返回。

NOTE：不管有几个XML和Dao建立关系，只要保证namespace+id唯一即可。

问题二：session是怎么管理的？ SqlSessionFactoryBuilder

public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {
    try {
      XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);
      return build(parser.parse());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
      try {
        inputStream.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.
      }
    }
  }
    
  public SqlSessionFactory build(Configuration config) {
    return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(config);
  }

SqlSessionFactory

private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {
      final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();
      final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);
      tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);
      final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType);
      return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor, autoCommit);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      closeTransaction(tx); // may have fetched a connection so lets call close()
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error opening session.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }

SqlSession

SqlSession对象由SqlSessionFactory类创建，需要注意的是，每个线程都应该有它自己的SqlSession实例。SqlSession的实例不能共享，是线程不安全的，在 *** 作对象的时候必须要保持其线程安全。

问题三：为什么说SqlSession是线程不安全的？

在Mybatis中SqlSession是提供给外部调用的顶层接口，实现类有：DefaultSqlSession、SqlSessionManager以及mybatis-spring提供的实现SqlSessionTemplate。默认实现类为DefaultSqlSession，Not Thread-Safe。 SqlSessionManager和SqlSessionTemplate都是Thread safe的。

DefaultSqlSession

public class DefaultSqlSession implements SqlSession {
@Override
  public void select(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler handler) {
    try {
      MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement);
      executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, handler);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }
}

executor.query()具体实现如下：

@Override
  public  List query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
    if (closed) {
      throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
    }
    if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
      clearLocalCache();
    }
    List list;
    try {
      queryStack++;
       //多线程情况下，第二个线程执行此方法时，会抛出强转类型异常。因为第一个线程放入localCache的是EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER对象
      list = resultHandler == null ? (List) localCache.getObject(key) : null;
      if (list != null) {
        handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
      } else {
        list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
      }
    } finally {
      queryStack--;
    }
    if (queryStack == 0) {
      for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
        deferredLoad.load();
      }
      // issue #601
      deferredLoads.clear();
      if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
        // issue #482
        clearLocalCache();
      }
    }
    return list;
  }

private  List queryFromDatabase(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    List list;
    //多线程情况下，第一个进入此方法的线程会在localCache放入一个EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER对象
    localCache.putObject(key, EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER);
    try {
      list = doQuery(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
    } finally {
      localCache.removeObject(key);
    }
    localCache.putObject(key, list);
    if (ms.getStatementType() == StatementType.CALLABLE) {
      localOutputParameterCache.putObject(key, parameter);
    }
    return list;
  }

SqlSessionTemplate

在mybatis-spring框架中，由Spring提供的SqlSession实现类。

 public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType,
      PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {

    notNull(sqlSessionFactory, "Property 'sqlSessionFactory' is required");
    notNull(executorType, "Property 'executorType' is required");

    this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory;
    this.executorType = executorType;
    this.exceptionTranslator = exceptionTranslator;
    this.sqlSessionProxy = (SqlSession) newProxyInstance(
        SqlSessionFactory.class.getClassLoader(),
        new Class[] { SqlSession.class },
        new SqlSessionInterceptor());
  }

  private class SqlSessionInterceptor implements InvocationHandler {
    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
      SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(
          SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory,
          SqlSessionTemplate.this.executorType,
          SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator);
      try {
        Object result = method.invoke(sqlSession, args);
        if (!isSqlSessionTransactional(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory)) {
          // force commit even on non-dirty sessions because some databases require
          // a commit/rollback before calling close()
          sqlSession.commit(true);
        }
        return result;
      } catch (Throwable t) {
        Throwable unwrapped = unwrapThrowable(t);
        if (SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator != null && unwrapped instanceof PersistenceException) {
          // release the connection to avoid a deadlock if the translator is no loaded. See issue #22
          closeSqlSession(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory);
          sqlSession = null;
          Throwable translated = SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible((PersistenceException) unwrapped);
          if (translated != null) {
            unwrapped = translated;
          }
        }
        throw unwrapped;
      } finally {
        if (sqlSession != null) {
          closeSqlSession(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  public static SqlSession getSqlSession(SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {

    notNull(sessionFactory, NO_SQL_SESSION_FACTORY_SPECIFIED);
    notNull(executorType, NO_EXECUTOR_TYPE_SPECIFIED);

    SqlSessionHolder holder = (SqlSessionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(sessionFactory);

    SqlSession session = sessionHolder(executorType, holder);
    if (session != null) {
      return session;
    }

    if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOGGER.debug("Creating a new SqlSession");
    }

    session = sessionFactory.openSession(executorType);

    registerSessionHolder(sessionFactory, executorType, exceptionTranslator, session);

    return session;
  }

SqlSessionManager

private SqlSessionManager(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
    this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory;
    this.sqlSessionProxy = (SqlSession) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
        SqlSessionFactory.class.getClassLoader(),
        new Class[]{SqlSession.class},
        new SqlSessionInterceptor());
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(Reader reader) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader, null, null));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(Reader reader, String environment) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader, environment, null));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(Reader reader, Properties properties) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader, null, properties));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(InputStream inputStream) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream, null, null));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(InputStream inputStream, String environment) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream, environment, null));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(InputStream inputStream, Properties properties) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream, null, properties));
  }

  public static SqlSessionManager newInstance(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
    return new SqlSessionManager(sqlSessionFactory);
  }

private class SqlSessionInterceptor implements InvocationHandler {
    public SqlSessionInterceptor() {
        // Prevent Synthetic Access
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
      //获取当前ThreadLocal上下文的SqlSession
      final SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionManager.this.localSqlSession.get();
      if (sqlSession != null) {
        try {
          return method.invoke(sqlSession, args);
        } catch (Throwable t) {
          throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
        }
      } else {
     	 //如果无法从ThreadLocal上下文中获取SqlSession则新建一个SqlSession
        final SqlSession autoSqlSession = openSession();
        try {
          final Object result = method.invoke(autoSqlSession, args);
          autoSqlSession.commit();
          return result;
        } catch (Throwable t) {
          autoSqlSession.rollback();
          throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
        } finally {
          autoSqlSession.close();
        }
      }
    }
  }

查看SqlSessionManager.this.localSqlSession.set()方法的调用情况：

public void startManagedSession() {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession());
  }

  public void startManagedSession(boolean autoCommit) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(autoCommit));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(Connection connection) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(connection));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(TransactionIsolationLevel level) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(level));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(ExecutorType execType) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(execType));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(ExecutorType execType, boolean autoCommit) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(execType, autoCommit));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(execType, level));
  }

  public void startManagedSession(ExecutorType execType, Connection connection) {
    this.localSqlSession.set(openSession(execType, connection));
  }

SqlSessionTemplate与SqlSessionManager的联系与区别

1.SqlSessionTemplate是Mybatis为了接入Spring提供的Bean。通过TransactionSynchronizationManager中的ThreadLocal>保存线程对应的SqlSession，实现session的线程安全。
2.SqlSessionManager是Mybatis不接入Spring时用于管理SqlSession的Bean。通过SqlSessionManagger的ThreadLocal实现session的线程安全。