AK-47
The AK-47 is a selective-fire, gas-operated 7.62×39mm assault rifle, first developed in the USSR by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is officially known as Avtomat Kalashnikova (Russian:Автомат Калашникова). It is also known as Kalashnikov, AK, or in Russian slang, Kalash.Design work on the AK-47 began in the last year of World War II (1945). After the war in 1946, the AK-46 was presented for official military trials. In 1948 the fixed-stock version wasintroduced into active service with selected units of the Soviet Army. An early development of the design was the AKS (S—Skladnoy or "folding"), which was equipped with anunderfolding metal shoulder stock. In 1949, the AK-47 was officially accepted by the Soviet Armed Forces[10] and used by the majority of the member states of the Warsaw Pact.
The original AK-47 was one of the first assault rifles of 2nd generation, after the German StG 44.[11] Even after six decades the model and its variants remain the most widely used and popular assault rifles in the world because of their durability, low production cost, availability, and ease of use. It has been manufactured in many countries and has seen service with armed forces as well as irregular forces worldwide. The AK-47 was the basis for developingmany other types of individual and crew-served firearms. More AK-type rifles have been produced than all other assault rifles combined。
2、M16
The M16 rifle,
officially designated Rifle, Caliber 5.56 mm, M16, is the United States
military select-fire adaptation of the AR-15 rifle. The rifle was adapted for semi-automatic,
and full-automatic fire.[6][7] Colt purchased the rights to the
AR-15 from ArmaLite, and currently
uses that designation only for semi-automatic versions of the rifle. The M16
fires the 5.56×45mm
NATO cartridge. The rifle entered United States Army service and was deployed
for jungle warfare
operations in South
Vietnam in 1963,[8]
becoming the U.S. military's standard service rifle of the Vietnam War by 1969,[9] replacing the M14 rifle in that role. The U.S.
Army retained the M14 in CONUS, Europe,
and South Korea until 1970.
After the Vietnam War, the M16 rifle was modified for short round bursts,[10] then later all
three modes of fire and has been the primary service rifle of the U.S. armed
forces.
The M16 has also been
widely adopted by other militaries around the world. Total worldwide production
of M16s has been approximately 8 million, making it the most-produced firearm of
its caliber.[11]
As of 2010, the Army is supplementing the M16 in combat units with the M4 carbine, which is itself a
shortened derivative of the M16A2.
3、G36
The Heckler &
Koch G36 is a 5.56×45mm assault rifle, designed in the early 1990s by Heckler &Koch
(H&K) in Germany as a replacement
for the 7.62mm G3 battle rifle.[1] It was
accepted into service with the Bundeswehr in 1997, replacing the G3.[2] The G36
is gas-operated and feeds from a 30-round
detachable box magazine or 100-round C-Mag drum magazine.[1]
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4、FAMAS
The FAMAS (French: Fusil d'Assaut de la Manufacture
d'Armes de Saint-Étienne or "Assault rifle from the Saint-Étienne weapon
factory") is a bullpup-styled assault rifle designed and
manufactured in France by MAS located
in Saint-Étienne,
which is now a member of the French government-owned Nexter group. It is the service rifle of the French military.
5、FN SCAR
The Special
Operations Forces Combat Assault Rifle (SCAR)[9] is a modular rifle
made by FN Herstal (FNH) for
the United States Special
Operations Command (SOCOM) to satisfy the requirements of the SCAR
competition.[10] This family of
rifles consist of two main types. The SCAR-L, for "light", is chambered in the
5.56×45mm NATO
cartridge and the SCAR-H, for "heavy", fires 7.62×51mm NATO. Both are available in
Long Barrel and Close Quarters Combat variants.
The FN SCAR systems
completed low rate initial production testing in June 2007.[11] After some delays,
the first rifles began being issued to operational units in April 2009, and a
battalion of the US 75th Ranger Regiment was
the first large unit deployed into combat with 600 of the rifles in 2009.[12]
The US Special Operations Command has currently cancelled their purchase of the
Mk 16 SCAR-L and are planning to remove the rifle from their inventory by 2013.
However, they will purchase the Mk 17 SCAR-H version, and also plan to purchase
5.56 mm conversion kits for the Mk 17, supplanting the loss of the Mk 16.[13] The SCAR was one
of the competing weapons in the Individual Carbine competition which aimed
to find a replacement for the M4 Carbine.[14]
6、AUG
The AUG is an Austrian bullpup 5.56mm assault rifle, designed in the 1960s by Steyr Mannlicher GmbH
&Co KG (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch). The AUG
(Armee-Universal-Gewehr—"universal army rifle") was adopted by the Austrian
Army as the StG 77 (Sturmgewehr 77) in 1978,[3] where
it replaced the 7.62mm StG 58 automatic rifle (a
licence-built FN FAL).[4] In
production since 1978, it is the standard small arm of the Austrian
Bundesheer and various national police units.
The rifle and its
variants have also been adopted by the armed forces of Argentina, Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Bolivia, Ecuador, Ireland, Luxembourg, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Pakistan, and the U.S. Immigration and
Customs Enforcement agency.
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