怎样快速搭建开发环境 MySQL Cluster

1. 获取

这个不必多言吧，到 MySQL 网站上面下载就是了。MySQL Cluster 的英文部署测试手册很简明，这里和其内容基本一样。喜欢读英文版的朋友可以直接下载，略过本文。

2. 安装

先解压，然后创建一个 symbolic link：

michael@linux:~$ tar xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.4-linux2.6-x86_64.tar

michael@linux:~$ ln -s mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.4-linux2.6-x86_64 mysqlc

如果你愿意，可以将~/mysqlc/bin加入到你的 path 里，方便使用。

3. 配置

作为在开发环境上第一次部署，还是以测试为主要目的。一个完整的 MySQL Cluster 由 MySQL Server，Data Nodes，Management Node 三部分组成。首先我们为它们创建一些必须的目录：

michael@linux:~$ mkdir mysql-cluster

michael@linux:~$ cd mysql-cluster

michael@linux:~$ mkdir conf ndb_data mysqld_data

然后在conf目录下创建如下两个文件，分别是config.ini和my.cnf，内容如下：

config.ini

用于 MySQL Server 的配置，端口号port根据你自己的情况设定。

[mysqld]

ndbcluster

datadir=/home/user1/my_cluster/mysqld_data

basedir=/home/user1/mysql-cluster

port=5050

my.cnf

该文件用于配置各结点的 NodeId 和 Data Nodes 与 Management Node 的数据目录。

[ndb_mgmd]

hostname=localhost

datadir=/home/user1/my_cluster/ndb_data

NodeId=1

[ndbd default]

noofreplicas=2

datadir=/home/user1/my_cluster/ndb_data

[ndbd]

hostname=localhost

NodeId=3

[ndbd]

hostname=localhost

NodeId=4

[mysqld]

NodeId=50

这时你的目录结构应该如下：

~

+-- /mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.4-linux2.6-x86_64

+-- /mysqlc ->mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.4-linux2.6-x86_64

+-- /mysql-cluster

+-- /conf

+-- /ndb_data

+-- /mysqld_data

4. 运行

MySQL Cluster 的启动顺序是有要求的，如下：

Management Node

Data Nodes

MySQL Server

命令如下：

michael@linux:~$ cd ../mysql-cluster

michael@linux:~/mysql-cluster$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/ndb_mgmd -f conf/config.ini --initial --configdir=$HOME/mysql-cluster/conf/

michael@linux:~/mysql-cluster$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/ndbd -c localhost:1186

michael@linux:~/mysql-cluster$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/ndbd -c localhost:1186

检查已经启动的结点的状态，命令为：

poecahnt@linux:~$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/ndb_mgm -e show

输出如下：

Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186

Cluster Configuration

---------------------

[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)

[email protected] (mysql-5.5.19 ndb-7.2.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master)

[email protected] (mysql-5.5.19 ndb-7.2.4, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)

[email protected] (mysql-5.5.19 ndb-7.2.4)

[mysqld(API)] 1 node(s)

id=50 @127.0.0.1 (mysql-5.5.19 ndb-7.2.4)

表示已经可以启动 MySQL Server 了。最后启动 MySQL Server，命令为：

michael@linux:~/mysql-cluseter$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=conf/my.cnf &

输出信息如下：

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.

120223 15:29:02 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start

120223 15:29:03 InnoDB: 1.1.8 startedlog sequence number 1595675

120223 15:29:04 [Note] NDB: NodeID is 50, management server 'localhost:1186'

120223 15:29:04 [Note] NDB[0]: NodeID: 50, all storage nodes connected

120223 15:29:04 [Warning] NDB: server id set to zero - changes logged to bin log with server id zero will be logged with another server id by slave mysqlds

120223 15:29:04 [Note] Starting Cluster Binlog Thread

120223 15:29:04 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events

120223 15:29:04 [Note] $HOME/mysqlc/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.

Version: '5.5.19-ndb-7.2.4-gpl' socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' port: 5050 MySQL Cluster Community Server (GPL)

120223 15:29:05 [Note] NDB: Creating mysql.ndb_schema

120223 15:29:08 [Note] NDB Binlog: CREATE TABLE Event: REPL$mysql/ndb_schema

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB Binlog: logging ./mysql/ndb_schema (UPDATED,USE_WRITE)

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB: Creating mysql.ndb_apply_status

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB Binlog: CREATE TABLE Event: REPL$mysql/ndb_apply_status

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB Binlog: logging ./mysql/ndb_apply_status (UPDATED,USE_WRITE)

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB: missing frm for mysql.ndb_index_stat_sample, discovering...

120223 15:29:09 [Note] NDB: missing frm for mysql.ndb_index_stat_head, discovering...

2012-02-23 15:29:10 [NdbApi] INFO -- Flushing incomplete GCI:s <579/14

2012-02-23 15:29:10 [NdbApi] INFO -- Flushing incomplete GCI:s <579/14

120223 15:29:10 [Note] NDB Binlog: starting log at epoch 579/14

120223 15:29:10 [Note] NDB Binlog: ndb tables writable

5. 测试

连接 MySQL Server 进行测试，确认可以用ndb存储引擎来创建数据库中的表，如下：

michael@linux:~$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 5050

mysql>create database clusterdb

mysql>use clusterdb

mysql>insert into simples values (1),(2),(3),(4)

mysql>select * from simples

+----+

| id |

+----+

| 3 |

| 1 |

| 2 |

| 4 |

+----+

6. 停止

MySQL Cluster 必须手动停止，Data Nodes 可以用 ndb_mgm 来停止：

michael@linux:~$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -P 5050 shutdown

如果提示：

/home/michael/mysqlc/bin/mysqladmin: shutdown failederror: 'Access deniedyou need (at least one of) the SHUTDOWN privilege(s) for this operation'

则在shutdown命令前加上sudo。

michael@linux:~$ $HOME/mysqlc/bin/ndb_mgm -e shutdown

正常停止的信息类似如下：

120223 16:44:11 [Note] /home/michael/mysqlc/bin/mysqld: Normal shutdown

michael@linux:~/mysql-cluster$ 120223 16:44:11 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events

120223 16:44:13 [Warning] /home/michael/mysqlc/bin/mysqld: Forcing close of thread 2 user: 'michael'

120223 16:44:13 [Note] Stopping Cluster Utility thread

120223 16:44:13 [Note] Stopping Cluster Index Stats thread

120223 16:44:13 [Note] Stopping Cluster Binlog

120223 16:44:13 [Note] Stopping Cluster Index Statistics thread

120223 16:44:14 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

120223 16:44:15 InnoDB: Shutdown completedlog sequence number 1595675

120223 16:44:15 [Note] /home/michael/mysqlc/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

7. 总结

有序启动：Management Node，Data Nodes，MySQL Server

配置项与各节点的对应

每个结点都单独启动

Management Node 提供状态查看等多种功能

配置时， []右边的注释不要加上，否则系统不认。

[NDBD DEFAULT]：表示每个数据节点的默认配置在每个节点的[NDBD]中不用再写这些选项，只能有一个。

[NDB_MGMD]：表示管理节点的配置，只有一个。

[NDBD]：表示每个数据节点的配置，可以有多个。

[MYSQLD]：表示SQL节点的配置，可以有多个，分别写上不同SQL节点的IP地址。

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