1-通过runtime动态关联对象
主要用到了objc_setAssociatedObject,objc_getAssociatedObject以及objc_removeAssociatedObjects
//在目标target上添加关联对象,属性名propertyname(也能用来添加block),值value
+ (void)addAssociatedWithtarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName withValue:(id)value {
id property = objc_getAssociatedObject(target, &propertyName)
if(property == nil)
{
property = value
objc_setAssociatedObject(target, &propertyName, property, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN)
}
}
//获取目标target的指定关联对象值
+ (id)getAssociatedValueWithTarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName {
id property = objc_getAssociatedObject(target, &propertyName)
return property
}
优点:这种方式能够使我们快速的在一个已有的class内部添加一个动态属性或block块。
缺点:不能像遍历属性一样的遍历我们所有关联对象,且不能移除制定的关联对象,只能通过removeAssociatedObjects方法移除所有关联对象。
2-通过runtime动态添加Ivar
主要用到objc_allocateClassPair,class_addIvar,objc_registerClassPair
//在目标target上添加属性(已经存在的类不支持,可跳进去看注释),属性名propertyname,值value
+ (void)addIvarWithtarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName withValue:(id)value {
if (class_addIvar([target class], [propertyName UTF8String], sizeof(id), log2(sizeof(id)), "@")) {
YYLog(@"创建属性Ivar成功")
}
}
//获取目标target的指定属性值
+ (id)getIvarValueWithTarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName {
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([target class], [propertyName UTF8String])
if (ivar) {
id value = object_getIvar(target, ivar)
return value
} else {
return nil
}
}
优点:动态添加Ivar我们能够通过遍历Ivar得到我们所添加的属性。
缺点:不能在已存在的class中添加Ivar,所有说必须通过objc_allocateClassPair动态创建一个class,才能调用class_addIvar创建Ivar,最后通过objc_registerClassPair注册class。
3-通过runtime动态添加property
主要用到class_addProperty,class_addMethod,class_replaceProperty,class_getInstanceVariable
//在目标target上添加属性,属性名propertyname,值value
+ (void)addPropertyWithtarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName withValue:(id)value {
//先判断有没有这个属性,没有就添加,有就直接赋值
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([target class], [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@", propertyName] UTF8String])
if (ivar) {
return
}
/*
objc_property_attribute_t type = { "T", "@\"NSString\"" }
objc_property_attribute_t ownership = { "C", "" }// C = copy
objc_property_attribute_t backingivar = { "V", "_privateName" }
objc_property_attribute_t attrs[] = { type, ownership, backingivar }
class_addProperty([SomeClass class], "name", attrs, 3)
*/
//objc_property_attribute_t所代表的意思可以调用getPropertyNameList打印,大概就能猜出
objc_property_attribute_t type = { "T", [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"@\"%@\"",NSStringFromClass([value class])] UTF8String] }
objc_property_attribute_t ownership = { "&", "N" }
objc_property_attribute_t backingivar = { "V", [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@", propertyName] UTF8String] }
objc_property_attribute_t attrs[] = { type, ownership, backingivar }
if (class_addProperty([target class], [propertyName UTF8String], attrs, 3)) {
//添加get和set方法
class_addMethod([target class], NSSelectorFromString(propertyName), (IMP)getter, "@@:")
class_addMethod([target class], NSSelectorFromString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@:",[propertyName capitalizedString]]), (IMP)setter, "v@:@")
//赋值
[target setValue:value forKey:propertyName]
NSLog(@"%@", [target valueForKey:propertyName])
YYLog(@"创建属性Property成功")
} else {
class_replaceProperty([target class], [propertyName UTF8String], attrs, 3)
//添加get和set方法
class_addMethod([target class], NSSelectorFromString(propertyName), (IMP)getter, "@@:")
class_addMethod([target class], NSSelectorFromString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@:",[propertyName capitalizedString]]), (IMP)setter, "v@:@")
//赋值
[target setValue:value forKey:propertyName]
}
}
id getter(id self1, SEL _cmd1) {
NSString *key = NSStringFromSelector(_cmd1)
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self1 class], "_dictCustomerProperty") //basicsViewController里面有个_dictCustomerProperty属性
NSMutableDictionary *dictCustomerProperty = object_getIvar(self1, ivar)
return [dictCustomerProperty objectForKey:key]
}
void setter(id self1, SEL _cmd1, id newValue) {
//移除set
NSString *key = [NSStringFromSelector(_cmd1) stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 3) withString:@""]
//首字母小写
NSString *head = [key substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1)]
head = [head lowercaseString]
key = [key stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1) withString:head]
//移除后缀 ":"
key = [key stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(key.length - 1, 1) withString:@""]
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([self1 class], "_dictCustomerProperty") //basicsViewController里面有个_dictCustomerProperty属性
NSMutableDictionary *dictCustomerProperty = object_getIvar(self1, ivar)
if (!dictCustomerProperty) {
dictCustomerProperty = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]
object_setIvar(self1, ivar, dictCustomerProperty)
}
[dictCustomerProperty setObject:newValue forKey:key]
}
+ (id)getPropertyValueWithTarget:(id)target withPropertyName:(NSString *)propertyName {
//先判断有没有这个属性,没有就添加,有就直接赋值
Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([target class], [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@", propertyName] UTF8String])
if (ivar) {
return object_getIvar(target, ivar)
}
ivar = class_getInstanceVariable([target class], "_dictCustomerProperty") //basicsViewController里面有个_dictCustomerProperty属性
NSMutableDictionary *dict = object_getIvar(target, ivar)
if (dict &&[dict objectForKey:propertyName]) {
return [dict objectForKey:propertyName]
} else {
return nil
}
}
优点:这种方法能够在已有的类中添加property,且能够遍历到动态添加的属性。
缺点:比较麻烦,getter和setter需要自己写,且值也需要自己存储,如上面的代码,我是把setter中的值存储到了_dictCustomerProperty里面,在getter中再从_dictCustomerProperty读出值。
4-通过setValue:forUndefinedKey动态添加键值
这种方法优点类似property,需要重写setValue:forUndefinedKey和valueForUndefinedKey:,存值方式也一样,需要借助一个其它对象。由于这种方式没通过runtime,所以也比较容易理解。
你可不可以截多一点内容出来?其实类的成员变量就是属性啦。
从你那个图上猜测的大概是这样:
你这里的不知什么类里面就含有AcceptButton这个属性(其实也是一个成员变量),本身也是一个类,里面含有get和void两个方法。
如果你要另外添加属性,就要找到类的声明,在那里添加你想添加的属性
这里够权威了吧
http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/43s90322(VS.80).aspx
虽然讲的是VB,但是道理是一样的
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