在托福考试中有个比较词就是我们再熟悉不过的“than”对于这类题型成为比较级,那么在托福写作中运用比较级呢,一起跟着我了解一下具体情况。
比较级题型在托福写作中的运用
根据往年的题型,我们把托福写作题型中有比较词“than” 的题型称之为比较级题型,如下面题型所示:
It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach specific knowledge(对于老师来说,帮助学生建立自信心比教授具体知识更加重要。)
It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics(对于学生来说,学习历史和文学比学习科学和数学更加重要。)
Physical exercise is more important for older people than younger people(体育锻炼对老年人来说比对年轻人更重要。)
Good looks and clothing are more important for success than good ideas(要想获得成功,漂亮的长相和着装比好的思想更重要。)
Relating well with other people is more important to future career success than studying hard at school(对未来职业成功发展来说,与他人搞好关系比在学校努力学习更重要。)
那么针对这类题型我们如何进行写作呢下面我们以具体题型为例进行分析:
It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach specific knowledge(对于老师来说,帮助学生建立自信心比教授具体知识更加重要。)
首先,我们可以采用一边倒结构,它适用于一般的托福 作文 。它通常是选择题目中的一个方面,进行赞同或反对论证。
如:
A1>B1;
A2>B2;
A3>B3;
也就是说,
开头段:引言(表明观点)
第二段:赞同理由之一
第三段:赞同理由之二
第四段:赞同理由之三
结尾段:结论(呼应开头段)
或者,
B1>A1;
B2>A2;
B3>A3;
开头段:引言(表明观点)
第二段:反对理由之一
第三段:反对理由之二
第四段:反对理由之三
结尾段:结论(呼应开头段)
再或者
A1>B1
A2>B2
B strength /A weakness
开头段:引言(表明观点)
第二段:赞同理由之一
第三段:赞同理由之二
第四段:虽然B strength(to teach specific knowledge也有优势),或者A weakness(只是帮助学生获得自信也有不足之处),但是总的来说,我认为A>B。
结尾段:结论(呼应开头段)
下面我们以这道题为例,具 体 *** 作一下:
1 For primary school students especially those who introverts, gaining self-confidence is more important than specific knowledge:(对于小学生来说,尤其是那些性格内向的小学生,建立自信比学习具体知识更重要):
第二段:理由一:enables them to obtain surprising achievements in game The movie: Facing Giants Without self-confidence, students wouldn’t have courage to face challenges in study(建立自信可以帮助孩子在比赛中取得超常的成绩。如“面对巨人”。没有自信,学生就没有勇气克服学习中遇到的困难和挑战。如果建立自信,他/她也会更加努力地学习具体知识。)
第三段:理由二:better performance at school A study by the University of Texas showed that students who received some expression of confidence in their ability—even while receiving criticism—performed better later on than those who were simply told to aim for higher standards(在学校中获得更好的表现。得克萨斯大学的一项研究表明,如果学生能够得到对他们能力自信的表达,即便同时也收到了批评,他们的表现也会比那些只是被告知要定睛于更高标准的学生更优秀。)
第四段:虽然教授学生具体知识也非常重要,但是,从 教育 本身的目的来说,我个人认为建立自信更加重要。
托福写作:教你搞定“非主流”题型
三选一与问题分析类题型
三选一作为托福独立写作中的一类常见题,通常会基于某个话题给出三个选项,让童鞋们挑选其中一个认为最好的进行展开讨论,例如:
Which way do you think is the best for a student to make friends
Join a sports team,participate in community activities or travel
每当托福考生遇到这样的题目,内心一定是崩溃的,一方面因为我们写惯了二选一比较级类型题,思路是比较模式化的,然而对于三选一题目准备并不充分,导致考场思路严重短路。
问题分析类是比较罕见的一类题型,但考试碰见这类题型,还是比较蒙圈的,通常是给出一个问题,让童鞋们分析论证。
如何搞定写作难题
三选一与问题分析类题目作为独立写作偏 议论文 的文体,考生需要在一定时间内自圆其说地表明自己的立场,并给出相应的论证说理和事实举例。
三选一,到底选哪个
对于有“纠结症”的童鞋,三选一写作就有些困难了,三个选项看起来都好有道理的样子,如何才能表明自己的立场呢这时候,你就需要知道考官想要你选哪个,去“迎合”考官的口味!
托福写作十种高分句式
(一)、否定句
1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the internet 应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息,而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。
2、On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immense value of knowledge 我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。
3、College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for a better understanding of societies 大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱,而是为了更好地了解社会。
4、One’s salary does not depend so much on his educational background as on his ability and contribution to the society 一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。
5、In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory 从营养角度来说,快餐远非令人满意。
6、Parents would not expect their children to become useful persons without working hard 父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力就可以成才。
(二)、非限制性定语从句
1、Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality, which is of vital importance to their development in the future 毫无疑问,实用性课程可以用于实际中,这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。 2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful 孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻,这在有时是危险和有害的。 3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展 人际交往 能力, 这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的
(三)、让步句
1、This view is widely acknowledged;however,there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s health 这个观点被广泛认可,然而,几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。
2、Although(While) the computer has been widely used in class, it cannot replace the role of teachers 尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂,但是它不能取代教师的作用。 3、Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis 虽然这个观点听起来有道理,但是它经不住分析 4、In spite of a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems 尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利,但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。
(四)、It引导的 句子
1、It is hard to imagine what our life would look like without computers in modern society 很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机,我们的生活会变成什么样子。
2、It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health 可想而知,积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。
3、It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join the armed forces or not 女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。
4、It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensable to human beings 人们普遍认为,水和空气对人类不可缺少。
5、It is essential that endangered species of animals be protected against being killed 保护濒危的动物物种免遭残杀是必需的。
6、It is high time that the government took effective measures to resolve these problems 该是政府采取有效 措施 来解决这些问题的时候了。
7、It has been made easier for modern people to communicate with each other by the internet in a few seconds 现代人很容易通过互联网在几秒钟内就取得联系。
8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves 关心孩子们的行为方式是值得的。
9、It is no use crying over the spilt milk 覆水难收。
10、It has been a few decades since the computer came into being 自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。
(五)、假设句
1、If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditional culture and heritage 如果我们推倒老房子,就要破坏传统的 文化 和遗产。
2、You would miss the chance to interact with other students if you used internet at home 假如你在家上网,你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。
3、Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the danger of being unemployed 一旦你变换了现在的工作,就面临着失业的危险。
(六)、倒装句
1、Only in this way can the problem be tackled properly 只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。
2、Only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful 只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。
3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, but students learn how to handle interpersonal relations 在校学习不仅为了学术目的,而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。
4、Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative information on mass media blindly 青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。
5、So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it 时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。
6、Nowadays, most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulge in playing PC games 如今对青少年最为危险的事情是倾向于过多地玩电脑游戏。
(七)、强调句
1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance that human beings ought to protect the endangered animal species正是为了维持生态平衡,人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。
2、It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARS and AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for the government to invest more money in medical care 直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时,才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。
3、Nothing in the world is more valuable than health
(八)、比较句
1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high for youngsters from single-parent families as for those in traditional households (同级比较)研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统家庭的两倍。
2、Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure time than they did previously (比较级)一般说来,现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。
3、Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests 与不同能力的孩子相比,聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。
4、Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their society 与明星不同,其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。
5、Air is to human what (as) water is to fish 空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样。
(九)、插入语
1、Computers, most important of all, create wide communication around the world 最重要的是,计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。
2、Providing more parking areas, in the long run, has proved to be a practical way out in many large cities in the world 从长远的利益来看,提供更多的停车位被证实是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。
3、Observing local culture, consciously and unconsciously, can reduce the chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment and even conflict 无论是否意识到,遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会,否则,就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。
4、Space exploration, some people believe, will bring some unexpected discoveries 有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。
(十)、原因句
1、Violent films can do harm to young people, because they contains numerous negative information 暴力影片对年轻人是有害的,因为其中包含大量负面信息。
2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction 野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。
3、We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment 我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。
4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the most serious problems 由于人口过剩,水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。
5、Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure 由于当今世界的激烈竞争,大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。
比较级题型在托福写作中的运用相关 文章 :
1 托福写作中最常用的十大句型
2 托福作文考试:20171118托福独立写作
3 托福写作思路如何合理把握明确审题最关键
4 托福独立写作中的常见错误详解
5 2017年2月26日托福写作真题回顾资料
6 托福考试写作:20171111托福独立写作
7 托福写作20到27分,我是这样提分的
8 托福考试:20170826(下午)托福独立写作解析和范文
9 如何避开托福写作中的陷阱
10 托福写作:20170909托福独立写作解析与范文
雅思写作主要考察学生对词汇、语法的掌握,以及逻辑和结构构架能力,一篇好的雅思写作 范文 能够帮助同学们抓住雅思写作的得分点,并能给大家提供提供高分词汇和句式,我为您提供雅思写作范文精讲:手机的利弊。
关于手机利弊的雅思 作文 范文
Since mobile phones came into being, they have been the bone of contentionThey are troublesome because it is said that they would damage human healthespecially where they are used near the brain with the electromagnetic radiation Theirsignals cause aircrafts to drift off the course What's more, with the text messengerfunctiontoo many are indulging in hurting thumbs sending messages, whichcould cause the muscle tiredness and even hurt Publicly, they polluted the naturalenvironment when the waste parts were disposed of improperly They increased theisolation between family members, for no one would be interested in coming over fora visit Even worse, they invaded people's privacy and it seems that people could nolonger enjoy a quiet life
All these defects cannot offset their contribution to the effective communicationIt is mobiles that shrink the distance between people They make the global worldone of communication People, at work or at home, keep in contact with one anotherbetter since they were invented People no longer were constrained to a fixed linetelephone They can talk and walk or walk and talk Mobile phones also changed thei,idea of entertainment with more technology applied Nowadays, people watch movies,listen to music and hook up with the Internet merely by clicking the keyboard
Obviously, mobile phones have defaults that need to be addressed, yet theiradvantages still outweigh their disadvantages We cannot define them as beinginappropriate only because of our inappropriate way of use It is believed that if theyare used properly, the benefit is still great
深圳资深老师认为,雅思范文必须琢磨透才能真正起到作用,所以深圳为关于手机利弊的雅思作文范文的翻译,希望给各位学子有所启发
手机自问世以来就一直是争论的焦点。手机辐射会对人脑造成伤害,使其使用者健康受损。手机信号还会导致飞机偏离航线。而且,越来越多的人开始频繁发送手机短信,这也会使他们的手指肌肉疼痛,甚至受伤。如果手机废旧零件处置不当,还会造成对自然环境的破坏。它也造成家庭成员之间关系的疏远,因为打个电话就能报个平安,就没人再想回家与父母聊天了。更糟样的是,手机侵扰了人们的隐私。似乎,人们再也无法享受那种宁静的生活了。
然而,这些瑕疵并没有掩盖它便捷了沟通的巨大贡献。正是手机缩短了人们之间的距离,造就了这个沟通的世界。无论是在家还是工作,有了手机的人们都可以找到对方。固定电话已不再是局限人们行动的拦路虎,人们可以边走边聊。随着更多科技的应用,手机也改变了娱乐的概念。人们只要在手机上轻轻按几下就可以看,听音乐,还可以与互联网相连。
虽然手机有些不尽人意的瑕疵,但它毕竟还是利大于弊。不能仅仅因为我们对它的使用不当就对它心存芥蒂。相信只要正确地使用它,手机还是会为我们所用的。
雅思写作高分范文和解题思路:关于手机和互联网的利与弊
雅思写作题目:Mobile phones and the internet play an important part in the way which people relate to one another socially Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages
雅思写作题目讲解:
第一段:介绍背景,电讯技术取代了面对面的交流方式
第二段:人们的联系增加;独立性增加
第三段:关系的质量下降;亲情交流被手机干扰太多
第四段:科技的好坏取决于我们如何用它
雅思写作范文:
Since the invention of the internet and mobile phones, face-to-face communication no longer holds the dominant role in human interaction it once had Undoubtedly these technical advances have facilitated more convenient and greater amount of communication between people Unfortunately this has not come without cost
自从互联网和移动电话的发明以来,面对面的交流不再像以前那样在 人际交往 中占据主导地位。毫无疑问,这些技术进步促进了人们之间更方便和更大量的交流。不幸的是,这并不是没有代价的。
Obviously the unprecedentedly increased communication connects people more easily No one can easily manage our various relationships unless we register the Facebook or any other social networking site Thanks to cell phones, people can contact one another in real time and this significantly boosts working efficiency Telecommunication also empowers modern people with more independence For example, children equipped with a mobile phone can be allowed to go further because the parents would feel safe to be able to get in touch with their children at any time Some school children are even sent abroad for travel or education, and the family tie is partly maintained by such video chatting tools as MSN or Skype
显然,空前发展的信息沟通更容易联系人。没有人能轻易地管理我们的负责的关系,除非我们注册 脸谱 网或任何其他社交网站。多亏了手机,人们可以实时联系,这大大提高了工作效率。电信也赋予了现代人更多的独立性。例如,可以允许配备有移动电话的 儿童 走得更远,因为父母可以随时与孩子联系感到安全。有些学生甚至被送到国外旅游或接受 教育 ,家庭关系可以通过MSN或Skype等视频聊天工具来维持。
While we enjoy an instant connection with one another, our relationships are actually getting fragile Messaging or talking on phone eliminates all non-verbal expressions However, researchers suggest that body and facial expressions are crucial to relationship as they carry the most significant part of conversation Therefore, over-relying on the internet and cell phone to interact with others can easily cause misunderstanding, thereby undermining trustworthy relation Another negative aspect of telecommunication is that people’s personal relationship is interfered in real life It is typical that people are ready to receive any call any time even when they are at a family get-together dinner table
当我们享受彼此之间的即时联系时,我们的关系实际上变得脆弱了。电话或电话聊天消除了所有的非语言表达。然而,研究人员认为,身体和面部表情是关系的关键,因为它们承载着谈话中最重要的部分。因此,过度依赖互联网和手机与他人互动很容易引起误解,从而破坏信任关系。电信的另一个消极方面是人们的人际关系在现实生活中受到干扰。典型的是,即使是在家庭聚会餐桌上,人们也随时准备接听任何电话。
To sum up, a new invention does not necessarily mean a good thing or bad It is neutral in nature The important thing is that how we utilize it The Internet and cell phones can definitely be put into good use as long as we do not take for granted that it can totally substitute for traditional way of relating to others
总而言之,一项新发明并不一定意味着好事或坏事。它本质上是中性的。重要的是我们如何利用它。只要我们不想当然地认为互联网和手机可以完全取代传统的与他人交往的方式,那么互联网和手机肯定能够得到很好的利用。
雅思大作文:手机的利弊
手机类:
There are social, medical, and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones What forms do they take Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phone 手机的使用带来了社会,医疗和技术问题有哪些是否认为手机弊大于利(2006年1月14日 )
相关题目:
Mobile phone and the Internet are very useful for old people, however, this section of population is the fewer users of mobile phone and the Internet, in what ways can mobile and the Internet is useful to the old How can old people be encouraged to use this new technology (2008年6月28日)手机和网络对于老人有用,但是,老人们很少使用,手机和网络对于老人用处何在如何鼓励老人使用手机和网络
Mobile phone advantages and disadvantages on individual and the society 手机对于个人以及社会的利弊(2010年9月4日)
Some people think people have benefited from modern communication technology, while others think some people have not benefit at all, to what extent do you agree or disagree 有人认为人们可以从现代交流技术中获益,有认为认为人们无法获益,你在多大程度上认同这个观点(2010年11月20日)
With the increase in the use of mobile phones and computers, fewer people are writing letters Some people think that the traditional skill of writing letters will disappear completely To what extent do you agree or disagree How important do you think is letter-writing 人们使用手机电脑日益增多,很少有人写信,有人认为传统的书信会被手机取代,是否认同(2012年11月24日)
老师思路拓展:
手机的利好:
1 方便交流:手机给人们的交流交往带来巨大便利,例如,学子 出国 留学 和家人联系。老人出门感到不适,打紧急求助电话,女生没有赶上末班车,给父母打电话求助,情侣之间发送短信,增进感情。
2 辅助教育:手机可以扮演教育者的角色,例如查手机字典,阅读电子书,浏览网络课程;
3 娱乐功能:手机强大的娱乐功能给生活带来乐趣,例如手机相机抓住生活的美丽瞬间,留下美好回忆。听歌缓解压力,提高学习工作效率。游戏放松身心,消磨时光。
手机的弊端:
1 手机辐射有害健康,尤其是影响没有完全发育的大脑。
2 年轻人可能沉迷手机游戏,耽误学习,浪费时间。
3 年轻人如果追求高价的时尚手机,就会增加了经济负担。
4 新型的手机犯罪日益严重,具体而言,不法分子发送手机诱饵短信,窃取密码,侵犯隐私,非法牟利。
5 公共场所外放手机音乐,影响他人。
老师原创语料库:
1 the cell phone = the mobile phone n手机
2 the contrivance of the mobile phone = the invention of the mobile phone n手机的发明
3 bring huge convenience to people's communication v 给人们的交流带来极大的方便
点评:可以写作所有的科技产品的利好。
4 …… is a significant source of getting the latest information for the vast majority of people …… 是大多数人获得最新信息的 渠道 。
点评: 推荐背诵:可以写作所有传媒的利好。
5 The mobile phone newspaper enables its users to familiarize themselves with the up-to-the-minute current events 手机报可以让我们了解时事政治。
点评:familiarize themselves with = get to know v了解……
点评:the up-to-the-minute = the latest adj 最新的
6 …… could perfectly play /enact the role of educator …… 可以扮演教育者的角色:
点评: 推荐背诵,可以写作所有科技产品的教育辅助功能。
7 mighty entertainment functions n 强大的娱乐功能
8 add color to one's dull routine of everyday life v 增加生活的乐趣
9 catch the wonderful moment of life v抓住生活的美丽瞬间
10 can be used in an emergency situation 紧急情况下可以使用
11 if a young girl misses the last bus home, she could ring her parents 女孩赶不上末班车,可以通过手机求助父母。
12 In spite of some merits of the cell phone, it undoubtedly has some drawbacks 经管手机有利好,其弊端同时存在。
13 A train or bus journey can be absolutely ruined by the nearby presence of some who is keep on playing the mobile phone music 旅行中,如果有人不断外放手机音乐,这一点令人讨厌。
14 …… is physically detrimental …… …… 是有害身体健康的
15 The radiation of the mobile phone exerts a baneful influence on the users' health 手机辐射有害健康。
点评: exert a baneful influence on v 对于……施加了不良影响
16 One's eye-sight will be impaired after gazing at the screen of the cell phone for a long time 太久盯着屏幕,人的视力会下降。
17 …… will impose much pressure upon sb economically v增加某人的经济负担
18 As for schoolchildren, the academic performance will be delayed provided that they use the mobile phone excessively 如果过度使用手机,会耽误学业。
点评:academic performance n 学业
19 intercourse = communication n交流
20 dispel sense of isolation v 驱散孤独感
21 The problems the mobile phone brought about are becoming the focus concerned by the society 手机带来问题成为社会关注的焦点。
22 reap fabulous profits illegally v 非法牟利
点评:谈及新型的手机犯罪
23 Although the mobile phone might trigger various downsides, its indispensable roles in people's daily life cannot be ignored 尽管手机也许引起一些弊端,我们无法忽视其在生活中的重要作用。
24 What we can do is to draw on the advantageous aspects 我们应该利用其利好。
点评:draw on v 利用……
25 The advantages prevail over its demerits pprovided that use them
properly and sensibly 如果理性使用手机,手机利大于弊。
雅思写作范文精讲:手机的利弊相关 文章 :
1 雅思写作:高能十大话题题库
2 雅思写作范文:8分范文鉴赏
3 雅思写作大作文范文3篇 性别类
4 雅思写作范文:20170708雅思大作文解析和范文
5 雅思大作文范文2篇 农业类
6 雅思写作:20171214雅思大作文
7 2019年雅思写作大作文预测及参考范文
8 雅思写作提分五点要求
9 雅思大作文写作7分范文鉴赏
10 雅思写作10种高分句型决不能错过
所有人肯定都在提交10版本的时候出现各种问题。最恶心的就是因为内购问题被拒,需要接入内购苹果那边才会给你审核通过,下面说一下我发布的版本历程。2020年3月1日 上午12:59
发件人 Apple
25 Performance: Software Requirements
311 Business: Payments - In-App Purchase
511 Legal: Privacy - Data Collection and Storage
Guideline 2513 - Performance - Software Requirements
We noticed that your app includes facial recognition for account authentication, but it does not use LocalAuthentication as the app's primary authentication mechanism
LocalAuthentication must be your app's primary biometric authentication method, and any other custom facial recognition mechanism should be optional for login and cannot replace LocalAuthentication
Next Steps
To resolve this issue, please revise your app to use LocalAuthentication as the primary mechanism for any biometric account authentication
Resources
LocalAuthentication offers users secure, effortless access to their devices Visit Apple Developer for resources more on using LocalAuthentication
Guideline 311 - Business - Payments - In-App Purchase
We noticed that your app or its metadata enables the purchase of content, services, or functionality in the app by means other than the in-app purchase API, which is not appropriate for the App Store
Specifically, your app enables AliPay (支付宝) and WeChat Pay (微信支付) to purchase 课程
Next Steps
While the payment system that you have included may conduct the transaction outside of the app, if the purchasable content, functionality, or services are intended to be used in the app, they must be purchased using in-app purchase, within the app - unless it is of the type referenced in guideline 313 of the App Store Review Guidelines
In-App Purchase
It may be appropriate to revise your app to use the in-app purchase API to provide content purchasing functionality
In-app purchase provides several benefits, including:
- The flexibility to support a variety of business models
- Impacting your app ranking by consolidating your sales to one app rather than distributing them across multiple apps
- An effective marketing vehicle to drive additional sales of new content
For information on in-app purchase, please refer to the following documentation:
In-App Purchase for Developers
In-App Purchase Programming Guide
For step-by-step instructions on in-app purchase creation within App Store Connect, refer to App Store Connect Help
Guideline 511 - Legal - Privacy - Data Collection and Storage
We noticed that your app requires users to register or log in to access features that are not account-based
Specifically, users were required to log in to browse your app
Next Steps
To resolve this issue, please revise your app to let users freely access your app’s non account-based features
Apps may not require users to enter personal information to function, except when directly relevant to the core functionality of the app or required by law
You should allow users to freely access your app’s non account-based features For example, an e-commerce app should let users browse store offerings and other features that are not account-based before being asked to register, or a restaurant app should allow users to explore the menu before placing an order Registration must then only be required for account-specific features, such as saving items for future reference or placing an order
Please see attached screenshots for details
大致意思是说 项目里有人脸登录需要加入苹果官方的LocalAuthentication框架,由于公司着急上线就做了个开关把人脸登录给隐藏了。另一个是有支付宝微信购买课程,不适用于应用商店。所以让你接入内购。另一个是项目里可以不登录就可以查看的项目,必须让用户不登录就可以查看。
我回复了邮件
尊敬的审核团队您们好:
收到你们的反馈我们深表谢意,针对你们的问题我作以下说明
2513 针对您提出的问题,我们将会在应用中删除此类功能。
311 该应用里的课程和视频课都是附有相关书籍的,线下提供相关书籍,属于实物商品,在此我将附上相关的资料以证明真实性。
511 本应用使用登录是因为登录之后会绑定用户选择的年级来进行学习,可以收藏做题时出现的问题和记录出现的问题,可以更好的查看用户所做的题目,可以更好的提升用户的学习能力。
根据我们对应用商店中其他应用的调研及我们公司的具体情况,决定上架此app。
我们非常欢迎并十分乐意你们审核团队给我们提供宝贵的意见,给予指导,使我们更快的成长。
如有任何问题请与我们联系:
联系人:
联系电话:+86。。。。
我将在附件中添加相关书籍,已说明上述真实性。
再次表示感谢!
随后上传了一版隐藏人脸登录的。
接着又被拒绝
2020年3月3日 下午12:23
发件人 Apple
311 Business: Payments - In-App Purchase
511 Legal: Privacy - Data Collection and Storage
Guideline 311 - Business - Payments - In-App Purchase
We noticed that your app or its metadata enables the purchase of content, services, or functionality in the app by means other than the in-app purchase API, which is not appropriate for the App Store
Next Steps
While the payment system that you have included may conduct the transaction outside of the app, if the purchasable content, functionality, or services are intended to be used in the app, they must be purchased using in-app purchase, within the app - unless it is of the type referenced in guideline 313 of the App Store Review Guidelines
In-App Purchase
It may be appropriate to revise your app to use the in-app purchase API to provide content purchasing functionality
In-app purchase provides several benefits, including:
- The flexibility to support a variety of business models
- Impacting your app ranking by consolidating your sales to one app rather than distributing them across multiple apps
- An effective marketing vehicle to drive additional sales of new content
For information on in-app purchase, please refer to the following documentation:
In-App Purchase for Developers
In-App Purchase Programming Guide
For step-by-step instructions on in-app purchase creation within App Store Connect, refer to App Store Connect Help
Guideline 511 - Legal - Privacy - Data Collection and Storage
We noticed that your app requires users to register or log in to access features that are not account-based
Next Steps
To resolve this issue, please revise your app to let users freely access your app’s non account-based features
Apps may not require users to enter personal information to function, except when directly relevant to the core functionality of the app or required by law
You should allow users to freely access your app’s non account-based features For example, an e-commerce app should let users browse store offerings and other features that are not account-based before being asked to register, or a restaurant app should allow users to explore the menu before placing an order Registration must then only be required for account-specific features, such as saving items for future reference or placing an order
Please see attached screenshots for details
大致意思是说还是因为没有加内购,没有免费体验的入口被拒绝了。我再一次提交邮件说明了问题。
随后回复邮件尊敬的审核团队您们好:
收到你们的反馈我们深表谢意,针对你们的问题我作以下说明
311 该应用里的课程和视频课都是附有相关书籍的,线下提供相关书籍,属于实物商品,在此我将附上相关的资料以证明真实性。
511 本应用使用登录是因为登录之后会绑定用户选择的年级来进行学习,可以收藏做题时出现的问题和记录出现的问题,可以更好的查看用户所做的题目,可以更好的提升用户的学习能力。可以选择好友进行pk做题,认识更多pk好友。
随后我紧接着加了内购,创建的是非消耗性的项目,因为是购买完视频就不用再买了,由于创建的非消耗性,需要在购买界面加一个恢复购买的功能,导致 又被打回来了。
2020年3月4日 上午6:43
发件人 Apple
Guideline 21 - Performance - App Completeness
We were unable to review your app as it crashed on launch We have attached detailed crash logs to help troubleshoot this issue
Next Steps
To resolve this issue, please revise your app and test it on a device to ensure it will launch without crashing
Resources
For information on how to symbolicate and read a crash log, please review Tech Note TN2151 Understanding and Analyzing Application Crash Reports
Guideline 30 - Business
We began the review of your app, but we are not able to continue because we need additional information about your app
Please reply to this message in Resolution Center to confirm that USD 99999 is the intended price of your in-app purchase product, 视频购买
If you have additional information about your app, please include it in your response as well Once we receive your confirmation, we will continue with the review of your app
上面原因是因为 后台数据接口改了,所以导致启动崩溃,我回复邮件的时候解释了一番。还有一个 加入内购确定是99999美元吗,确认一下确定要用99999美元的产品。
随后我解释
2020年3月4日 上午7:43
21 应用打开崩溃的问题已经解决,卸载应用重新安装就可以正常使用了。
30应用中的视频是6498人民币,统一价格。
随后是因为美元加入恢复购买的项目被拒
2020年3月5日 上午2:34
发件人 Apple
21 Performance: App Completeness
3Business: Preamble
311 Business: Payments - In-App Purchase
Hello
Thank you for providing this information
Upon further review, we found that your app does not comply with the following guidelines:
Guideline 311 - Business - Payments - In-App Purchase
We found that your app offers in-app purchases that can be restored but does not include a "Restore Purchases" feature to allow users to restore the previously purchased in-app purchases, as specified in the "Restoring Purchase Products" section of the In-App Purchase Programming Guide :
"Users restore transactions to maintain access to content they've already purchased For example, when they upgrade to a new phone, they don't lose all of the items they purchased on the old phone Include some mechanism in your app to let the user restore their purchases, such as a Restore Purchases button"
Next Steps
To restore previously purchased in-app purchase products, it would be appropriate to provide a "Restore" button and initiate the restore process when the "Restore" button is tapped by the user Note that automatically restoring purchases on launch will not resolve this issue
While your App Store Connect Application State shows as Metadata Rejected, we still require a new binary to correct this issue
Best regards,
App Store Review
大致意思是说没有加恢复购买的功能,被拒。查询了一番资料。创建非消耗性的项目 必须让一个apple id所有设备上都可以同时使用。
2020年3月5日 上午4:57
311 -应用中已添加加恢复购买的功能。
接下来是因为都是已经购买的产品,苹果看不到未购买的视频,找不到恢复的功能,所以被拒。
2020年3月5日 下午11:59
发件人 Apple
Guideline 21 - Information Needed
We have started the review of your app, but we are not able to continue because we need additional information about your app
Next Steps
To help us proceed with the review of your app, please provide detailed information to the following questions The more information you can provide upfront, the sooner we can complete your review
Please specify where we could find restore button within the app
Once you reply to this message in Resolution Center with the requested information, we can proceed with your review
Please see attached screenshots for details
Since your App Store Connect status is Metadata Rejected, we do NOT require a new binary To revise the metadata, visit App Store Connect to select your app and revise the desired metadata values Once you’ve completed all changes, reply to this message in Resolution Center and we will continue the review
大致意思是说没有找到恢复购买的功能,所以我让后台加了一个未购买的课程让苹果审核人员看一下。
因为只前被拒,打过一次电话,所以因为着急上线,打电话给苹果,人家说这个号码是从哪里弄到的,我说是以前有过被拒的经历,留过电话。所以就有电话了。接电话的是一个姐,人家说不用打电话说明问题。只需要在开发者网站里填写一个被拒邮件就可以了。然后 人家让我提供了一下appleID 说是没有找到 恢复的功能按钮导致的。我解释了原因是在未购买的视频里,点击购买进入支付界面,就有购买 和恢复购买的按钮。接着人家回复了一下邮件。说很感谢提供信息,接着审核。
2020年3月6日 上午12:49
21 内购的恢复购买按钮是在视频详情未购买的状态下 点击 购买 进入的 购买页面,我们会附上截图仅供您参考。
2020年3月6日 上午2:11
发件人 Apple
21 Performance: App Completeness
Hello,
Thank you for providing this information
We will continue the review, and we will notify you if there are any further issues
Best regards,
App Store Review
随后审核了 五分钟就过了。
这就是一段艰辛的100上线历程。
本大学生刚刚在大学英语课上写过这篇作文,速来答一波!这个题目其实写起来很简单,只要想一想你平时在生活中都是怎样应用互联网的就可以很好的完成这篇文章啦!
快跟着我来回忆一下,你有没有这些使用互联网的行为:
出门在外,朋友想要找到你会使用微信或是QQ给你发消息,这是互联网的联络功能。
闲暇时刻,男生会选择和朋友开黑,女生会选择追剧冲浪,这是互联网的娱乐功能。
学习之时,我们遇到难题首先会想到上网查找相关信息,这是互联网的检索功能。
这些都是互联网改变生活的真实例子,也是这篇作文最好的素材。同时,我们还要注意辩证的思考问题,互联网在使我们的生活更加便利的同时,有没有什么弊端呢?用正反论证的方式让这篇文章更加的充实和丰富。这里给你准备了三篇非常优秀的作文,让我们来一起看看吧!
作文示例一:
The Intemet is playing an important part in our livesAll kinds of information are available on the Internet and they are just a click awayWe can learn all we need on the InternetIt seems to me that the Intemet has completely changed my lifeFirst of all,it has changed the way I contact peopleWith QQ,microblog and WeChat,I can keep in touch with my family members and friends wherever I amSecondly,it makes shopping easier,which enables me to do shopping at homeThirdly,it makes my life more colourfulI can listen to music,watch movies and play games on the InternetBesides,I can read various books on itIn a word,the Internet has made a great difference to my life and I can hardly imagine life without the Internet
作文翻译一:
互联网在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。各种各样的信息都可以在互联网上找到,而且只需点击一下鼠标。我们可以在网上学到我们需要的一切。在我看来,互联网已经完全改变了我的生活。首先,它改变了我与人接触的方式。有了QQ、微博和微信,我无论在哪里都可以和家人朋友保持联系。其次,它使购物更容易,使我能够在家里购物。第三,它使我的生活更加丰富多彩。我可以在网上听音乐、看和玩游戏。此外,我可以在上面阅读各种书籍。总之,互联网给我的生活带来了巨大的变化,我很难想象没有互联网的生活。
作文示例二:
With the widespread of Internet, people seem to depend on it greatly Since we have Internet, our life changes a lot Each day, we can get information of other countries or places of the updated information We can share our experiences with others, enjoy a lot of good things and learn much knowledge from Internet
Firstly, we can obtain knowledge from Internet There are numerous web sites contains different knowledge relating to skills or theories If we want to learn certain things, the entire thing we have to do is to click mouse and then we will get the information we want Beside, lots of people put lots of short video on Internet to teach others
Secondly, by Internet, we can contact anyone we want Internet offers us a passage to contact with others by some applications The only thing we need to do is to download some soft wares and install them so that we can contact with our families or friends Besides, we can use many free resources by checking the Internet
All in all, Internet gives us a platform to learn knowledge and contact others We are benefit a lot from the Internet
作文翻译二:
随着网络的普及,人们已经对它产生了很大的依赖性。自从有了网络,我们的生活也变得与众不同。每天,我们都可以通过网络来获得一些其他国家或地方的信息。我们也可以与他人分享我们的经历,享受美好的东西以及从网络获取知识。
第一,我们可以从网络中获得知识。很多网站都包含了很多的技能或者理论知识。如果我们想要学习一些东西的话,只需要点击一下鼠标就可以得到我们想要的信息了。另外,很多人都会在网络上上传视频来教别人学习。
第二,我们可以通过网络联系任何我们想要联系的人。网络给我们提供了一个可以通过软件跟其他人交流的方式。我们只需要去下载一些相关的软件,然后安装上摄像头。另外,网络上有许多的软件都是免费资源。
总之,网络给我们提供了一个可以学习知识和联系他人的平台。我们因此获益良多。
作文示例三:
With the development of computer technology and the Internet, we have a new media to understand the outside world, and our life has changed greatly due to the Internet Our daily communication can not only get domestic news, but also receive international news Of course, you can also email your friends and other peopleYou can learn anything you like online, For example, English and other subjects At the same time, you can enjoy music, sports and games Recently, more and more people are interested in online shopping
Anyway, the Internet is changing the way we live and think There is no doubt that the computer and its Internet play a very important role in our life, study and exercise On the computer, we can look for some new and fresh information in order to learn more knowledge
More and more people realize that we are in a paperless era, that is, we can do many things without paper as before, but at the same time, some people, especially some young people, are addicted to computer games, which is a waste of time and time Energetic So the quality of a computer depends on how we use it If we use it properly, it will be of great help to our life and study
作文翻译三:
随着计算机技术和互联网的发展,我们拥有了一种可以了解外界的新媒体,我们的生活也因互联网而发生了巨大的变化。我们日常既可以了解国内新闻,也可以观看国际新闻。当然,你也可以给你的朋友发电子邮件。你可以在网上学习任何你喜欢的东西,比如英语和其他科目。同时,你还可以欣赏音乐,体育和游戏。最近,还有越来越多的人对网上购物感兴趣。
不管怎样,互联网正在改变我们的生活方式和思维方式。毫无疑问,计算机及互联网在我们的生活、学习和锻炼中起着非常重要的作用。在互联网上,我们可以找到一些新鲜的信息,以便学习更多的知识。还有越来越多的人意识到我们正处在一个无纸化的时代,也就是说,我们不用纸就可以做很多事情。但与此同时,有些人,尤其是一些年轻人却沉迷于电脑游戏,这是浪费时间和精力的。因此,电脑的好坏取决于我们如何使用它。如果我们使用得当,它将对我们的生活和学习有很大的帮助。
GTS是一个英文缩写,有多种含义,包括:高顿税务峰会,吉天师能源公司,外汇交易软体,口袋妖怪通信建筑,汽车型号,显示卡类型,通用流量整形算法,IBM全球技术服务,有限元分析软体等。
基本介绍 中文名 :高顿税务峰会,吉天师能源公司 外文名 :GTS Guaranteed Time Slot 概述 :有多种含义 税务峰会 :税务领域瞬息万变 ZigBee 网路 :保证时隙 能源公司 :吉天师能源公司 税务峰会,ZigBee网路,能源公司,外汇软体,香港GTS,平台功能,口袋妖怪,汽车,显示卡,通用流量整形,IBM,分析软体, 税务峰会 简介 税务领域瞬息万变,防范风险众望所归。随着中国税收法律改革进程的日益加快,中国企业将面临的不仅是经营风险,而更大的风险是来自税收风险。高顿税务峰会(GTS)致力于打造国内首个权威高端的税务交流平台,旨在让企业第一时间聆听权威政策解读,多角度洞悉税务法规变化,全方位汲取税务筹划经验,最大化防范税务合规风险。助您审时度势,决胜千里之外。 宗旨 高顿税务峰会(GTS)汇聚 官员、税务专家、知名跨国企业以及本土大中型上市公司的财税高级管理人员,秉承著“让专业与权威无处不在”的宗旨,作为税务领域交流传播的先行者,致力于打造集权威性、专业性、时效性及创造性于一体的高端税务交流平台,为中国纳税企业的信息交流,人脉拓展,合作共赢提供最丰富的资源和全方位的支持 愿景 我们生活在一个商业世界里,崇尚创新。但是经验告诉我们大多数企业最先进的理念并不只是来自创新而是来自于学习和效仿。GTS为您提供创造性模仿的最佳平台,网罗税务领域最佳的实践案例与解决方案,成为您专业税务交流的首选,带给您前所未有的新兴体验。我们将与您共同进步,致力于帮助企业税务人员在竞争激烈的知识经济中脱颖而出,不断最佳化自身从而创造新价值,同时推动中国税务领域的交流发展。 价值构成 1、高端论坛 选取最新最热的税务话题,专业化打造包括税务总监高峰论坛、中国企业海外投资涉税论坛在内的众多享有盛名的品牌年会。 2、季度峰会 最具时效性的税务峰会,第一时间邀请权威 高官和税务专家就最新最热的政策新规及税务话题进行解读与探讨。 3、税务沙龙 在轻松互动的氛围中与税务同行交流税务管理新趋势、新方法和新理念,分享最佳实践经验。 4、国际性峰会 立足中国,放眼海外。国际性的税务峰会为您网罗全球范围内知名的税务专家、财税高官,助您扩展国际税务视野,推行国际税务筹划。 5、专业税务会议 高度实用的专业会议,会议设计充分针对企业税务人员的专业发展需要,覆盖领域包括:国际税务筹划、中国海关及涉税筹划论坛等。 增值服务 l 和与会嘉宾及 官员保持良好关系并扩展税务领域绵密人脉 l 与行业精英持续分享知识并且获得有效的解决方案 l 在会议结束后,通过线下交流平台继续向专家投石问路,应对难题 l 免费参加税务沙龙,并可在网路上查看内容丰富的专题短片,让你的学习永无止尽 我们正在创造一个前所未有的新的会议体验。每个峰会、论坛和研讨会都将为您呈现税务领域最新最权威的信息和经验并成为你有效的实践依据 ZigBee网路 GTS( Guaranteed Time Slot) 保证时隙。 信道接入机制分为两种:有竞争的和无竞争的。在基于竞争的信道接入中,所有设备通过CSMA-CA机制使用相同的信道传输数据,第一个发现信道未被占用的设备可以传输。而在无竞争的信道接入中,PAN协调器给每个设备指定一个时隙,这叫做保证时隙(GTS)。 能源公司 吉天师能源公司,主要产品包括:以生物质为燃料的焚烧系统、以生物质为燃料的热/电联产系统、混合燃料(生物质、煤、垃圾等综合燃料)的电站系统,生活固体废物焚烧/气化处理系统。在公司系统集成过程中不但对客户提供一体化的交钥匙工程项目,而且为客户提供设备维护和调试、安装及售后服务等业务。公司的主要销售对象为国内外木业加工集团,电站等工业领域。 外汇软体 GTS (Global Trading System) 是一项外汇交易软体。该软体由Fx Solutions开发。 GTS专业版的主要特点:一键成交 GTS平台界面 迅速完成交易。 自定义界面布局和配色方案 GTS专业版平台给你完全人性化的外观和感受。交易者可以根据自己的交易习惯更改GTS专业版的界面外观;客户可以开发自己的界面方案或者选择一个已有的界面布局。 多种止损、止盈以及追踪止损功能 GTS专业版支持5种形式的止损、止盈以及追踪止损功能。交易者用这种有效的风险管理工具能够同时设定10个止盈止损,比如,客户开设一个2手仓位,可以为每手设定5种止损止盈。 灵活的交易模式 6种杠杆比例可供选择 - 50:1, 100:1, 200:1, 250:1, 300:1, 400:1。而且,能够根据交易者的交易策略来调整交易量及契约大小。 交易警报 当目标汇率与市场汇率吻合会有系统自动提醒。交易者同时也会受到邮件提醒或者系统讯息提示预设订单已执行或挂起。 使用对冲功能只占用一次保证金 导出帐户交易报告至Excel 只需简单的 *** 作,便能将帐户交易报告导出至Excel。 外汇计算器 完整体现出所选货币对在指定交易杠杆比例下的点差,保证金,佣金。 强化的市价单功能 客户在做交易的时候能够得到所有需要的信息,市价单对话框中包含了即将执行的交易中的点值及所需保证金。 财经日历 一个有准备的交易者才是一个成功的交易者。GTS专业版为交易者提供完整的财经新闻日历、实时全球市场讯息以及最新公布的重要信息,比如美国每月公布的非农指数。 香港GTS 这是一款中文 *** 作界面的国际现货黄金交易软体。 香港GTS *** 作图 软体名称:金道GTS交易平台 软体类型:国产软体 / 试用软体 / Install-needed 软体语言:简体中文 更新时间:2012-6-22 12:27:23 平台功能 中文 *** 作界面 中文的 *** 作界面适合中文使用区的交易者,平台配有常用技术分析指标及画图工具,如行情分析工具。 可设定常用分析指标捷径 平台副图指标下方新增了一个常用指标栏。交易者可以根据自己使用习惯设定自己的指标捷径。只要把分析指标设定为常用指标便会直接在指标栏中出现,方便交易在金价波动时能快速转换分析指标。 具有锁仓、平仓功能 交易者可自行设定锁仓,平仓时也可分逐笔持仓单逐一平仓。 自主选择高速伺服器 系统会自动登入当时客户量最低、最流畅的伺服器。 止损功能设定 交易者可提前设定停损委托,在建仓或平仓后平台会以设定的委托停损价去执行,保证止损。 平台公告功能 提供实时系统公告功能。在有关平台休市、或存取款安排的公告时,会直接在平台的系统讯息及状态栏中显示。 口袋妖怪 GTS (グローバルトレードステーション、Global Trade Station)是在口袋妖怪钻石与珍珠中利用WiFi与世界各地的玩家进行通信的建筑,位于长寿市。在口袋妖怪白金中更名为 全球终端 。 全球通信站位于长寿市,当打败第一个道馆后可以使用。 GTS全是全球交换PM的乐园 (无需认识对方) 进去后和柜台说话选择第一项进入GTS系统 会看到3个选项 自上至下分别是发布PM 搜寻PM 退出 进入PM发布界面后 先选择好要发布希么PM(如图发布的是鲤鱼王) 选择好后再进行选择你要求什么样的PM 首先通过假名来选择你所要的PM的名字(这里对大家PM名字的熟悉程度是个考验了 没有配图实在很不人性化) 然后在进行选择要求PM的性别 选第一项是随便(大家有没有看出我要求的是哪只PM) 选择好性别后对要求等级进行选择 从上到下是10级以下 10-20 20-30…………依次类推 都设定好了后 你的PM就会被发布上去 在发布期间这只PM是不能使用的 而且不能同时发布2只PM 耐心等待别人来交换吧 如果有人和你交换了 下次上GTS的时候就会自动收到对方的PM 汽车 GT车厂在命名汽车型号时放GT在上面其实意思是Grand Touring(超跑)即高性能高可靠性的大马力跑车,而Grand Touring的意思也就转变为大马力的汽车,真正的GT应该说是纯种血统的跑车。而GT已被泛指为高性能跑车,再没分豪华与不豪华。 GTS GT后面的字母大都有额外的含义 S代表Sport(运动),R代表Racing(赛车),A代表All Wheel Drive(4轮驱动),I代表Injection(电喷),C代表Convertible(敞篷),B代表Berlita(硬顶)。当然也不绝对,因为厂商会以自己的形式来解答,具体车具体分析了! 市面上的GTS有 玛莎拉蒂GTS,卡宴GTS,Rivale Roadyacht GTS,Dodge Viper GTS,大众凌渡GTS等。 其它含义 GTS=gas turbine ship 燃气轮机轮船 显示卡 类型介绍 GTS:超级加强版 LE:降频版 GE:影音高清游戏版 GTX:终极版(旗舰版) PRO:平民价位的超级加强版 XT:超级加强版 XTX:终极版(旗舰版) 性能排名 N卡:LE-GS-GE-GT-GTS-GTX A卡:GT-PRO-XT-XTX通用流量整形(GTS) 通用流量整形 流量整形(traffic shaping)典型作用是限制流出某一网路的某一连线的流量与突发,使这类报文以比较均匀的速度向外传送。流量整形通常使用缓冲区和令牌桶来完成,当报文的传送速度过快时,首先在缓冲区进行快取,在令牌桶的控制下再均匀地传送这些被缓冲的文。 流量整形的核心算法有以下两种,具体采用的技术为GTS(Generic Traffic Shaping),通用流量整形 漏桶算法(Leaky Bucket) 漏桶算法是网路世界中流量整形(Traffic Shaping)或速率限制(Rate Limiting)时经常使用的一种算法,它的主要目的是控制数据注入到网路的速率,平滑网路上的突发流量。漏桶算法提供了一种机制,通过它,突发流量可以被整形以便为网路提供一个稳定的流量。 令牌桶算法(Token Bucket) 有时人们将漏桶算法与令牌桶算法错误地混淆在一起。而实际上,这两种算法具有截然不同的特性并且为截然不同的目的而使用。它们之间最主要的差别在于:漏桶算法能够强行限制数据的传输速率,而令牌桶算法能够在限制数据的平均传输速率的同时还允许某种程度的突发传输。 在某些情况下,漏桶算法不能够有效地使用网路资源。因为漏桶的漏出速率是固定的参数,所以即使网路中不存在资源冲突(没有发生拥塞),漏桶算法也不能使某一个单独的流突发到连线埠速率。因此,漏桶算法对于存在突发特性的流量来说缺乏效率。而令牌桶算法则能够满足这些具有突发特性的流量。通常,漏桶算法与令牌桶算法可以结合起来为网路流量提供更大的控制。 GTS GTS可以对不规则或不符合预定流量特性的流量进行整形,使得网路上下游之间的频宽匹配。GTS与CAR一样均采用了令牌桶技术来控制流量,但主要区别在于:利用CAR进行报文流量控制时对不符合流量特性的报文进行丢弃,而GTS对于不符合流量特性的报文则是进行缓冲减少了报文的丢弃,同时满足报文的流量特性。 GTS可以对接口上指定的报文流或所有报文进行整形当报文到来的时候,首先对报文进行分类如果报文不需要进行GTS处理,就继续传送不经过令牌桶的处理;如果报文需要进行 GTS处理,则与令牌桶中的令牌进行比较。 令牌桶按用户设定的速度向桶中放置令牌,如果令牌桶中有足够的令牌可以用来传送报文,则报文直接被继续传送下去,同时令牌桶中的令牌量按报文的长度做相应的减少,当令牌桶中的令牌少到报文不能再传送时,报文将被快取入GTS伫列中。 当GTS伫列中有报文的时候,GTS按一定的周期从伫列中取出报文进行传送。 每次传送都会与令牌桶中的令牌数作比较。直到令牌桶中的令牌数减少到伫列中的报文不能 再传送或是伫列中的报文全部传送完毕为止。 IBM IBM Global Technology Services (GTS) primarily reflects infrastructure services It includes outsourcing services, business continuity and resilience, Integrated Technology Services, and Maintenance GTS aounts for around 39% of IBM's revenue globally ($42B in revenue in 2011 out of $107B for IBM overall), the highest revenue of the 5 segments of IBM GTS is the leading e-business on demand and hosting services provider, aording to IDC, Forrester Research, Gartner/Dataquest and Meta Group; the leader in providing high-availability services, neorking services and storage services, aording to Gartner Group and IDC; the leader in the emerging wireless services market, aording to IDC 分析软体 midas Geotechnical and Tunnel ysis System (GTS) 是midas公司在岩土和隧道开发的一款有限元分析软体,适用于岩土工程、桩基工程、地下工程、水利工程、水利工程、矿山工程等领域,可便捷实现复杂模型在静动(地震、爆破、移动荷载)荷载作用下的回响分析,具体包括施工阶段、渗流、动态边坡稳定、固结、动力分析等功能。 midas GTS (Geotechnical and Tunnel System) is founded on the expertise in ysis and contemporary graphics technologies aumulated since 1989 midas GTS enables engineers to intuitively generate and yze complex geotechnical and structural models The modeling capabilities are developed with integrated ysis features that are powered by uniquely developed equation solvers providing aurate results and fastest computations Moreover, the sofare automatically generates concise and practical ysis reports midas GTS stands to provide the utmost environment of innovative paradigm in tunnel and geotechnical engineering
第一种是供任职公司高层管理者报读的课程,通常利用工作时间之余修习,名为高阶工商管理硕士(Executive MBA,简称EMBA);
第二种是供现职管理者或大学毕业生报读,以增进其管理知识的普通工商管理硕士课程,此即工商管理硕士的原型。
第三种是供现职从业或具备两年以上工作经验者,以强化其企管专业基础的工商管理硕士课程,亦名工商管理硕士(Special Master of Business Administration,全称SMBA)。
扩展资料
课程的授课方式:
第一种是面授MBA项目,1908年诞生于美国Harvard University,已有百年历史了。就是通过面对面的形式进行授课。
第二种是远程MBA项目,1995年由美国McCann University率先提出,也有10多年的历史了。就是通过网络多媒体形式进行授课。
MBA起初诞生于美国,经过百年的探索和努力,它培养了为数众多的优秀工商管理人才,创造了美国经济发展的神话和奇迹。
MBA被誉为"天之骄子"和“管理人才”,成为企业界乃至社会敬重和羡慕的特殊人物,甚至在公众心目中被视为“商界英雄”。据统计,美国最大的500家公司的总经理、董事长等高层主管,绝大多数都是MBA。
参考资料来源:百度百科-工商管理硕士
欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出
评论列表(0条)