测试laravel commands的方法详解

概述测试laravel commands的方法详解 引言

最近使用到laravel的consolo命令行工具，在编写命令，想写一些测试的时候，发现官方文档中并没有提到command的测试方法。花了点时间，翻墙找了资料，实践成功并记录一下，方便更多人。

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测试方法

大家都知道Laravel中使用了很多Symfony的成熟组件，Laravel的console组件使用的就是Symfony/console。

幸运的是，Symfony/console 组件中提供了用于command测试的CommandTester, 使用方法如下

...use FooCommand;use Symfony\Component\Console\Application;use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;...public function testSample(){    //创建一个console测试应用平台，用来搭载测试的命令    $application = new Application();        //创建待测试的command    $testedCommand = $this->app->make(FooCommand::class);    //设置命令执行需要的laravel依赖    $testedCommand->setLaravel(app());    //添加待测试的command到测试应用上    //同时command 也绑定 application    $application->add($testedCommand);    //实例化命令测试类    $commandTester = new CommandTester($testedCommand);    //命令输入流，对应每次交互需要提供的输入内容    $commandTester->setinputs([        //...        ]);    //执行命令    $commandTester->execute(['command' => $testedCommand->getname()]);    //对命令执行结果进行断言测试，主要是依靠正则判断    //$commandTester->getdisplay() 方法可以获取命令执行后的输出结果    $this->assertRegExp("/some reg/", $commandTester->getdisplay());}

示例

我们现在有一个手动创建新用户的命令createuser,作用就是手动创建一个用户。

需要交互式让用户输入name,email,password,comfirm password,这些数据。

待测试的command

<?PHPnamespace App\Console\Commands;use App\User;use Illuminate\Auth\Events\Registered;use Illuminate\Console\Command;use Illuminate\Support\Facades\ValIDator;class createuser extends Command{    /**     * The name and signature of the console command.     *     * @var string     */    protected $signature = 'createuser';    /**     * The console command description.     *     * @var string     */    protected $description = 'create new user for system manually';    /**     * Create a new command instance.     *     * @return voID     */    public function __construct()    {        parent::__construct();    }    /**     * Execute the console command.     *     * @return mixed     */    public function handle()    {        $this->line($this->description);        // 获取输入的数据        $data = [            'name' => $this->ask('What\'s your name?'),            'email' => $this->ask('What\'s your email?'),            'password' => $this->secret('What\'s your password?'),            'password_confirmation' => $this->secret('Pleas confirm your password.')        ];        // 验证输入内容        $valIDator = $this->makeValIDator($data);        if ($valIDator->fails()) {            foreach ($valIDator->errors()->toArray() as $error) {                foreach ($error as $message) {                    $this->error($message);                }            }            return;        }        // 向用户确认输入信息        if (!$this->confirm('Confirm your info: ' . PHP_Eol . 'name:' . $data['name'] . PHP_Eol . 'email:' . $data['email'] . PHP_Eol . 'is this correct?')) {            return;        }        // 注册        $user = $this->create($data);        event(new Registered($user));        $this->line('User ' . $user->name . ' successfully registered');    }    /**     * Get a valIDator for an incoming registration request.     *     * @param  array $data     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\ValIDation\ValIDator     */    protected function makeValIDator($data)    {        return ValIDator::make($data, [            'name' => 'required|string|max:255|unique:users',            'email' => 'required|string|email|max:255|unique:users',            'password' => 'required|string|min:6|confirmed'        ]);    }    /**     * Create a new user instance after a valID registration.     *     * @param  array $data     * @return \App\User     */    protected function create($data)    {        return User::create([            'name' => $data['name'],            'email' => $data['email'],            'password' => bcrypt($data['password'])        ]);    }}

正确的结果

如果正确输入信息的话，会得到如下输出

$ path-to-your-app/app# PHP artisan createusercreate new user for system manually What's your name?: > vestin What's your email?: > correct@abc.com What's your password?: >  Pleas confirm your password.: >  Confirm your info: name:vestinemail:correct@abc.comis this correct? (yes/no) [no]: > yesUser vestin successfully registered

想要测试的内容

我想要测试两块内容：

1.数据输入验证测试

● email有效性测试

● password两次输入是否相同的测试

2.正确创建用户测试

● 编写单元测试

<?PHPnamespace Tests\Unit\command;use App\Console\Commands\createuser;use Symfony\Component\Console\Application;use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;use Tests\TestCase;use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;class createuserTest extends TestCase{    use RefreshDatabase;    /**     * 测试数据验证     *     * @return voID     */    public function testValIDation()    {        $application = new Application();        $testedCommand = $this->app->make(createuser::class);        $testedCommand->setLaravel(app());        $application->add($testedCommand);        $commandTester = new CommandTester($testedCommand);        $commandTester->setinputs(['Vestin', 'badEmail@abc', '123456', '654321']);        $commandTester->execute(['command' => $testedCommand->getname()]);        // assert        $this->assertRegExp("/The email must be a valID email address/", $commandTester->getdisplay());        $commandTester->setinputs(['vestin', 'correct@abc.com', '123456', '654321']);        $commandTester->execute(['command' => $testedCommand->getname()]);        // assert        $this->assertRegExp("/The password confirmation does not match/", $commandTester->getdisplay());    }    /**     * 测试成功注册用户     *     * @return voID     */    public function testSuccess()    {        $application = new Application();        $testedCommand = $this->app->make(createuser::class);        $testedCommand->setLaravel(app());        $application->add($testedCommand);        $commandTester = new CommandTester($testedCommand);        $commandTester->setinputs(['Vestin', 'correct@abc.com', '123456', '123456', 'y']);        $commandTester->execute(['command' => $testedCommand->getname()]);        // assert        $this->assertRegExp("/User Vestin successfully registered/", $commandTester->getdisplay());        $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', [            'email' => 'correct@abc.com',            'name' => 'Vestin'        ]);    }}

执行测试

$ path-to-your-app/app#  ./vendor/bin/PHPunit PHPUnit 6.4.3 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors...                                                                  3 / 3 (100%)Time: 659 ms, Memory: 14.00MB

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