下载连接：https://www.elastic.co/cn/elasticsearch/
之后解压文件，通过命令cd到bin目录下,输入elasticsearch.bat，启动服务
之后在浏览器中输入http://localhost:9200,当看到以下信息说明服务启动成功
{
"name" : "DESKTOP-1IK0UC3",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "fhhG4xtCT0mZ6ogsze66zA",
"version" : {
"number" : "7.14.2",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "zip",
"build_hash" : "6bc13727ce758c0e943c3c21653b3da82f627f75",
"build_date" : "2021-09-15T10:18:09.722761972Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "8.9.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
需要注意的是elasticsearch是java编写的所以运行需要jdk的环境，elasticsearch目录下有一个jdk的文件夹，如果没有是需要自己配置jdk的环境。
二、Kibana为了方便学习使用这里推荐使用Kibana，在对应的官网上找到Kibana选项然后下载Kibana,Kibana与elasticsearch的版本要对应上。
同样的 *** 作，进入到bin文件夹内执行kibana.bat,一般Kibanna默认的端口号是5601
通过浏览器输入http://localhost:5601/，会进入到一个图形界面选择菜单栏里的
Dev Tools
Elasticsearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，基于RESTful web接口。
//通过post方式直接创建数据
//创建索引为shopping的数据
POST /shopping/_doc
{
"title":"手机",
"name":"华为mate40",
"images":"http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price":7999.00
}
//elasticsearch返回
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "AdU3aIABsHOWi0z2JXR6",//此id为elasticSearch生成的
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 10,
"_primary_term" : 2
}
不使用elasticsearch生成的id，需要自行指定id
//里面的3就是指定的id
POST /shopping/_doc/3
{
"title":"数码产品",
"name":"金士顿32GU盘",
"images":"http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price":45.00
}
//返回的数据
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 11,
"_primary_term" : 2
}
当然指定了id也可以使用put方式过程类似
四、更新1.覆盖更新（此方式不太推荐用于更新）
例如：修改id为10的内容
PUT /shopping/_doc/10
{
"title":"生鲜水果",
"name":"苹果",
"images":"http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price":10.00
}
2.局部更新（一般的更新只会更新某些字段的内容，所以更新采用局部更新的方式比较合适）
例如更新id为10中name的内容
POST /shopping/_update/10
{
"doc":{
"name":"芒果"
}
}
例如删除id为2的数据
DELETE /shopping/_doc/2
查讯采用GET的方式
1.查询索引的全部数据
通过GET方式索引名称，_search
GET /shopping/_search
2.基于id查询，例如查询id为3的数据
GET /shopping/_doc/3
3.条件查询
(1)、match方式
match查询属于全文查询，在查询时，ES会先分析查询字符串，然后根据分词构建查询。
例如查询title为"红米"的数据
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"match":{
"title":"红米"
}
}
}
查询结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 2.3367887,
"_source" : {
"title" : "红米手机",
"category" : "红米",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 1999.0
}
},
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "10",
"_score" : 1.7820551,
"_source" : {
"title" : "红米电视",
"name" : "红米max11",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 3999.0
}
},
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "0kq9VYABBlS6ycwT5aie",
"_score" : 1.3246095,
"_source" : {
"title" : "小米手机",
"category" : "小米",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 3099.0
}
},
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "AdU3aIABsHOWi0z2JXR6",
"_score" : 0.70679253,
"_source" : {
"title" : "手机",
"name" : "华为mate40",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 7999.0
}
}
]
(2)、match_phrase方式
match_phrase在查询时也会先分析查询字符串，然后对这些词项进行搜索，不同的是match_phrase查询只会保留包含全部查询字符串的文档
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase":{
"title":"红米手机"
}
}
}
查询结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "00q_VYABBlS6ycwTPKiV",
"_score" : 2.3367884,
"_source" : {
"title" : "红米手机",
"category" : "红米",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 1999.0
}
}
]
(3)、bool方式
1.must等同于and
2.must_not等同于NOT
3.should等同于OR
4.filter过滤
must的应用
例如有两行数据，查询价格为45，标题是"数码产品"的数据
[
{
"title" : "护肤产品",
"name" : "洗面奶",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 45.0
},
{
"title" : "数码产品",
"name" : "金士顿32GU盘",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 45.0
}
]
查询语法
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"bool":{
"must":[
{
"term":{
"price":45
}
},
{
"match_phrase": {
"title":"数码产品"
}
}
]
}
}
}
查询结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 7.725004,
"_source" : {
"title" : "数码产品",
"name" : "金士顿32GU盘",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 45.0
}
}
]
另外两种:must_not、should语法是类似的就不再这里展开了
query context：会对搜索进行相关性算分值，
而filter context :不需要相关性算分，能够利用缓存来获得更好的性能
例如
must查询会有一个：“max_score” : 7.725004，
而换成filter：“max_score” : 0.0
filter
(4)、范围查询
range范围查询支持多种范围类型
1.数值类型
2.日期类型(timestamp)
3.ip地址类型
range的表达式
gt：大于
lt：小于
gte：大于等于
lte：小于等于
例如查询价格大于1999小于5000的商品
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"range":{
"price": {
"gt": 1999,
"lt": 5000
}
}
}
}
range也是可以搭配bool,和filter一块使用，来满足不同的查询需求。
七、分页from：是启始位置
size：是需要查询的行数
例如全查询标题为"手机",价格大于1999小于5000的商品,并分页(由于我没有填充太多数据这里按每页一行)。
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"bool":{
"must": [
{
"match":{
"title":"手机"
}
}
],
"filter":{
"range":{
"price": {
"gt": 1999,
"lt": 5000
}
}
}
}
},
"from":0,
"size":1
}
输出结果
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2, //总数据量
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.83024156,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.83024156,
"_source" : {
"title" : "vivo手机",
"category" : "vivo",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 4999.0
}
}
]
}
}
_source：指定字段返回
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"title": "数码产品"
}
},
"_source":["name","price"]
}
输出结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 6.725004,
"_source" : {
"price" : 45.0,
"name" : "金士顿32GU盘"
}
}
]
sort：排序
order：asc正序，desc逆序
按照分值逆序_score
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": "手机"
}
},
"sort":{
"_score":{
"order":"desc"
}
}
}
输出结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "AdU3aIABsHOWi0z2JXR6",
"_score" : 0.943285,
"_source" : {
"title" : "手机",
"name" : "华为mate40",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 7999.0
}
},
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.83024156,
"_source" : {
"title" : "vivo手机",
"category" : "vivo",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 4999.0
}
}
]
给搜索的字段加粗
通过highlight指定字段
pre_tags:开头
post_tags:结尾
GET /shopping/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": "手机"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields":{
"title":{
"pre_tags": [
""
],
"post_tags": [
""
]
}
}
}
}
输出结果
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "AdU3aIABsHOWi0z2JXR6",
"_score" : 0.943285,
"_source" : {
"title" : "手机",
"name" : "华为mate40",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xx.jpg",
"price" : 7999.0
},
"highlight" : {
"title" : [
"手机"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "shopping",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.83024156,
"_source" : {
"title" : "vivo手机",
"category" : "vivo",
"images" : "http://www.kaotop.com/file/tupian/20220509/xm.jpg",
"price" : 4999.0
},
"highlight" : {
"title" : [
"vivo手机"
]
}
}
]
扩展：对于全文搜索可能还需要加入IK分词器插件。
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