英语it的用法

it用法完全归纳

一、it 作人称代词的用法

1 指事物

作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如：

I dropped my watch and it broke 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。

It’s hard work, but I enjoy it 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。

“Where is the dog”“It’s in the bedroom ” “狗在哪”“在卧室里”。

2 指人

it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：

Is it a boy or a girl 是男孩还是女孩

There is a knock on the door It must be the postman 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。

说明在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。

3 代替某些代词

代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：

“What’s this”“It’s a new machine ” “这是什么”“是一种新机器”。

Nothing is wrong, is it 没出什么问题，是吗

二、it 作非人称代词的用法

1 基本用法

it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：

It’s too late to go there now 现在去那儿已经太迟了。

It rained all day yesterday 昨天下了一天的雨。

It can get very hot here 这里有时会很热。

2 用于某些句型

It’s time for sth 该做某事了。

It’s time to do sth 该做某事的时候了。

It’s time for sb to do sth 某人该干某事了。

It’s (about / high) time + that-从句 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”)

It’s first (second) time + that-从句 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

It’s + 时间段 + since-从句 自从……有一段时间了。

It’s + 时间段 + before-从句 过多长的时间才……

三、it用作形式主语

1 基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如：

It’s very important to remember this 记住这一点很重要。

It’s hard work climbing mountains 爬山是费劲的事。

It’s unknown when he will come 他什么时候来还不知道。

2 用作形式主语的的重要句型

(1) It + be + adj for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……

It is hard for him to make up his mind 他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。

说明介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说”

(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth 某人做某事花了……时间

It takes years to master a new language 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。

说明此句型可以有以下多变种变体：It took me an hour to write the letter =The letter took me an hour (to write) =I took an hour to write the letter 我写这封信花了一个小时。

it 是人称代词 代指上文提到过的东西即可代指单数可数名词 也代可指不可数名词 。用法分为1 人称代词如 It is my friend。2非人称代词 指时间距离等 It is half past five 3 形式代词代替充当主语或宾语的不定式 动名词短语 或从句如 It is important to master a foreign language 代不定式作主语 It is no use learning figures by heart,带动名词作主语 it 带从句作主语比较常见就不举例了 这是it最全的用法 好好看下

It的用法（专项总结）

一、人称代词

1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:

①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance

2，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):

②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t

③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder

3，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:

③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth．

二、非人称代词

1it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：

⑴指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it ⑵指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back

⑶指日期:It is April First today ⑷指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B

⑸指价值:It is three dollars ⑹指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade

三、其他用法

1在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：

①Who is it there It's I (me/you/he) ②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she

③Her face lighted when she saw who it was

2泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况)

①It doesn’t matter ②It is a shame, isn’t it ③How is it going(情况怎样)

④It says in the newspaper that

3it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思

The last train's gone Come on, we'll foot it(来，咱们步行吧。)

四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：　

1作形式主语替代主语从句

⑴It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain) that 从句 常译为＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear

⑵It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural) that 从句 常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅)that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。

①It is important that we (should) learn English well②It is necessary that he (should) remember these words

⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped) that 从句 常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。

①It is said that he has come to Beijing ②It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit

⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded ) that 从句that　后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．）

①It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off

②It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours

⑸It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)

① It is time that children went to bed

⑹It is the first ( second ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done )

It was …(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。

It is the first time I have been here = This is the first time I have been here

⑺It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/ ) that从句

that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

①It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！

②It is a pity that he is ill 他生病了，真遗憾！

⑻It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句常译为 “ 碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…”

①It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street 碰巧．．

②It seems that he will be back in a few days 看来．．．

2作形式主语替代不定式　

⑴ It is kind ( of sb ) to do sth 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有：

bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb is kind to do sth 。　 如:It is kind of you to say so = You are kind to say so

⑵It is necessary ( for sb ) to do sth 不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有：

important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant

如:It is important for her to come to the party = It is important that she (should ) come to the party

⑶It takes sb to do sth 常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。

如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall

3作形式主语替代动名词短语

It is no good / no use / useless doing sth 常译为 “┅有好处或没有用”

①It is no good learning English without speaking English

②It's useless trying to argue with Shylock

五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。

We think it important to learn a foreign language

该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:

We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day

He felt it important learning English well

They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days

The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers

CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that

六、it的重要句型

1强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)

①It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made

②It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday

特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not until 的强调形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star

it的用法如下：

it一般指无生命的物或动物。

I have bought a chair It is made of pine wood

我买了一把椅子。它是松木做的。

I am taking the meat back to the shop because it isn’t good

我要把肉退回店里，因为它不好了。

Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit

学习根苦果甜。

It was a stupid question, of course

当然，这是个愚蠢的问题。

How much is it, Dad

多少钱，爸爸？

It is a beautiful place

这是一个美丽的地方。

It was the earthquake

那是地震。

it某件事（it指代的是什么，从上下文来判断）。

Take it easy

不要紧张。

I'd rather not talk about it

我不想多谈此事。

It is your affair, not mine

这是你的事，不是我的事。

When she talked to people, she liked to do it face to face

当她和别人交谈时，她喜欢面对面谈。

做主语，指代时间、日期、距离、天气等。

it做非人称代词。

It’s only five-mile ride from here

离这里只有五英里的路程。

It’s Christmas, and the family are on vacation in Europe

今天是圣诞节，一家人正在欧洲度假。

形式主语：真正主语可能是动词不定式，动名词或主语从句，一般后置。

It is dangerous to play with fire

玩火是危险的。

In all things, it is better to hope than to despair

凡事抱希望为佳，不应悲观而失望。

It is a great art to laugh at your own misfortune

对己之不幸付之一笑，这是一门伟大的艺术。

形式宾语：真正宾语可能是动词不定式，动名词或宾语从句，一般后置。

I find it impossible to get on with Li Tao

我发现和李涛相处不下去。

I find it interesting that she claims not to know him

我觉得有趣的是她声称不认识他。

He found it exciting riding the roller coaster

他觉得坐过山车很刺激。

用在强调句it's …who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语（被强调的是人，用who/that；其他用that）。

It was John who broke the window

是约翰打破了窗户。

It was his parents that he turned to for advice

他向父母寻求建议。

It was the first money that he had ever had

这是他有生以来的第一笔钱。

It was when he was in Paris that he became a well-known writer

他是在巴黎时成为一位著名作家的。

it的意思：

原意在英语中指代物的第三人称单数。另有其他单词的缩写，例如信息技术：Information Technology；即时翻译 instant translation；创新技术innovative technology等。也指信息技术行业的英文简称。

在复合宾语的情况下，it常放在及物动词后面作形式宾语，而把正真的宾语放在宾语的补语前面。正真的宾语由：不定式、动名词或名词从句来表示。

例如：1He

feels

it

his

duty

to

help

others

他感到帮助他人是他的责任。

2We

though

it

no

use

doing

that

我们认为做那件事没用。

3I

though

it

strange

that

he

failed

to

call

me

up

我认为他没能叫醒我是很奇怪的。

以下是我为大家整理的it 的用法 总结 ，希望能帮助大家更好地认识it这个单词，提高英语水平。

1 It is + 被强调部分 + that

该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面， 其它 部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的 句子 。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的 方法 。

It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made

It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday

It was in the street that I met her father

2 It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that

该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为"清楚(显然，真的，肯定)"　是主语从句最常见的一种结构。

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree

= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear

3 It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural) that

该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

It is important that we (should) learn English well

It is necessary that he (should) remember these words

4 It is not until + 被强调部分 + that

该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语"直到才"，可以说是 not until 的强调形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star

= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star

= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses

5 It is said (reported, learned) that

该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为"据说(据报道，据悉)"。

It is said that he has come to Beijing

It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit

6 It is suggested ( ordered ) that

该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that　后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should 可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令)

It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off

It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours

7 It is a pity ( a shame ) that

该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class

这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾!

It is a pity that he is ill 他生病了，真遗憾!

8 It is time ( about time ,high time ) that

该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为"是(正是)的时侯"。

It is time that children should go to bed

= It is time that children went to bed

9 It is the first ( second ) time that

该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去;it有时用 this 替换常译为"是第一(二)次"。

It is the first time I have been here

= This is the first time I have been here

10 It is since

该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died

11 It is when

该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为"当的时候，是"。

It was 5 o’clock when he came here

12 It be before

该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或 短语 。常译为"之后"。

It was 3 days before he went to Beijing

It will be not long before he finishes his job

13 It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that

该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词

It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street 碰巧

It seems that he will be back in a few days 看来

14 It takes sb to do sth

该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为"做要花费某人"。

It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall

15 It is no good (use ) doing sth

该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。

It is no good learning English without speaking English

16 It doesn’t matter whether ( if )

该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为　"不论(是否)没关系。

It doesn’t matter if they are old

17 It is kind ( of sb ) to do sth

该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good (好心的), honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice(有教养的), polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb is kind to do sth

It is kind of you to say so

= You are kind to say so

18 It is necessary ( for sb ) to do sth

该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。

在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：

It is important for her to come to the party

= It is important that she (should ) come to the party

19 It looks ( seems ) as if

该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，"看起来好象"如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气

It looks as if he is ill(真的病了)

It looks as if he were ill (没有生病)

It seemed as if he were dying

20 We think it important to learn a foreign language

该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。

6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel;

1指的是形式宾语it;

2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词;

3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。

We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day

He felt it important learning English well

They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days

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