oracle11gr2的官方文档上写的是错的,当上说default是none,而且是审计到db级别的,这样就会
往aud$表里记录统计信息。
1.如果审计不是必须的,可以关掉审计功能;
sql>
show
parameter
audit_trail
name
type
value
------------------------------------
-----------
------------------------------
audit_trail
string
db
sql>
alter
system
set
audit_trail=none
scope=spfile
sql>
shut
immediate
sql>startup
2.删除已有的审计信息
可以直接truncate表aud$,
truncate
table
sys.aud$
3.或者将aud$表移到另外一个表空间下,以减少system表空间的压力和被撑爆的风险。
附:11g中有关audit_trail参数的设置说明:
audit_trail
property
description
parameter
type
string
syntax
audit_trail
=
{
none
|
os
|
db
[,
extended]
|
xml
[,
extended]
}
default
value
none
modifiable
no
basic
no
audit_trail
enables
or
disables
database
auditing.
values:
none
disables
standard
auditing.
this
value
is
the
default
if
the
audit_trail
parameter
was
not
set
in
the
initialization
parameter
file
or
if
you
created
the
database
using
a
method
other
than
database
configuration
assistant.
if
you
created
the
database
using
database
configuration
assistant,
then
the
default
is
db.
os
directs
all
audit
records
to
an
operating
system
file.
oracle
recommends
that
you
use
the
os
setting,
particularly
if
you
are
using
an
ultra-secure
database
configuration.
db
directs
audit
records
to
the
database
audit
trail
(the
sys.aud$
table),
except
for
records
that
are
always
written
to
the
operating
system
audit
trail.
use
this
setting
for
a
general
database
for
manageability.
if
the
database
was
started
in
read-only
mode
with
audit_trail
set
to
db,
then
oracle
database
internally
sets
audit_trail
to
os.
check
the
alert
log
for
details.
db,
extended
performs
all
actions
of
audit_trail=db,
and
also
populates
the
sql
bind
and
sql
text
clob-type
columns
of
the
sys.aud$
table,
when
available.
these
two
columns
are
populated
only
when
this
parameter
is
specified.
if
the
database
was
started
in
read-only
mode
with
audit_trail
set
to
db,
extended,
then
oracle
database
internally
sets
audit_trail
to
os.
check
the
alert
log
for
details.
xml
writes
to
the
operating
system
audit
record
file
in
xml
format.
records
all
elements
of
the
auditrecord
node
except
sql_text
and
sql_bind
to
the
operating
system
xml
audit
file.
xml,
extended
performs
all
actions
of
audit_trail=xml,
and
populates
the
sql
bind
and
sql
text
clob-type
columns
of
the
sys.aud$
table,
wherever
possible.
these
columns
are
populated
only
when
this
parameter
is
specified.
you
can
use
the
sql
audit
statement
to
set
auditing
options
regardless
of
the
setting
of
this
parameter.
Oracle 的审计实在是鸡肋,审计日志增加猛速,而且加大系统负荷,降低系统性能。
依我们在生产系统的作法就是禁用审计,禁用后清除审计日志。
处理方法:
1、查看审计功能是否开启sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
-------------------- ------- --------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/ORCL/adump
audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string DB
说明:表明审计功能为开启的状态
2、关闭oracle的审计功能
SQL> alter system set audit_sys_operations=FALSE scope=spfile
System altered.
SQL> alter system set audit_trail=NONE scope=spfile
System altered.
3、重启数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
4、验证审计是否已经被关闭
SQL> show parameter audit
NAME TYPE VALUE
-------------------- ------- --------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/ORCL/adump
audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE
audit_syslog_level string
audit_trail string NONE
说明:表明审计功能为关闭的状态
5、清空审计表数据
SQL> truncate table SYS.AUD$
linux下可以用ipcs查看,windows下可以查看服务,也可以进到数据库里面看数据库当前状态 select status from v$instance,如果status = open 就说明oracle服务正常。
oracle数据库文件结构:
1、控制文件:存储实例、数据文件及日志文件等信息的二进制文件。alter system set control_files=“路径”。V$CONTROLFILE。
2、数据文件:存储数据,以.dbf做后缀。一句话:一个表空间对多个数据文件,一个数据文件只对一个表空间。dba_data_files/v$datafile。
3、日志文件:即Redo Log Files和Archivelog Files。记录数据库修改信息。ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE。V$LOG。
4、参数文件:记录基本参数。spfile和pfile。
5、警告文件:show parameter background_dump_dest=使用共享服务器连接
6、跟踪文件:show parameter user_dump_dest=使用专用服务器连接
欢迎分享,转载请注明来源:内存溢出
评论列表(0条)